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Diseases of human circulatory system

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Aim You will d escribe the causes and symptoms of circulatory system diseases.

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English Kazakh Transcription atherosclerosis атеросклероз [æ θ ərəskləˈrəʊsɪs] cardiac ischemia жүректің ишемиялық ауруы |ˈkɑːdɪak ɪsˈkiːmɪə] dizziness бас айналу [ˈdɪzɪnɪs] fatigue шаршау [fəˈtiːg] fever қызба [ˈfiːvə] headache бас ауруы [ˈhedeɪk] heart rate жүрек соғысы [hɑːt reɪt] nausea ж үрек айну [ˈnɔːsjə] nose bleed мұрыннан қан ағу /ˈnəʊzbliːd obesity семіздік [əʊˈbiːsɪtɪ] tachycardia тахикардия [ˈtæʧɪkɔːdɪə]

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Normal functioning of the circulatory system is important. If the heart stops working we die. There are many circulatory diseases which affect functioning of the heart and other organs.

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Disease name Explanation Causes Symptoms Tachycardia fast heart rate at rest (more than 100 beats per minute) stress, high blood pressure, smoking, alcohol, fever, too much caffeine shortness of breath, dizziness, fast pulse rate, pain in the chest Hypertension or high blood pressure blood pressure is too high genetic factors, obesity, endocrine problems, alcohol (in some people) headaches, shortness of breath, nosebleeds Arteriosclerosis arteries become narrow and lose their elasticity poor diet, too much fatty food, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking (depend on which arteries affected) chest pain, pain in legs or arms, fatigue, confusion

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Disease name Explanation Causes Symptoms Cardiac ischemia blood flow to the heart is reduced, preventing from receiving enough oxygen arteriosclerosis, blood clot, stress, cold temperature, cocaine neck pain, shoulder pain, fast heartbeat, nausea, sweating, fatigue Heart attack blood flow to the heart is blocked, can damage or destroy part of the heart muscle smoking, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, stress, lack physical activity, old age pressure and pain in the chest, nausea, shortness of breath, cold sweat, fatigue Stroke blood supply to part of the brain is stopped or reduced, brain cells start to die smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, alcohol, drugs, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, heart problems trouble with speaking, paralysis of the face, arms and legs, numbness, headache, trouble with walking

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    Жұптық жұмыс сұрақтары: 1.Жүрек және  қан  тамырлар  жүйесі   ауруларының  алдын  алу  неліктен  маңызды? 2.Инфаркт  пен  инсульттің   себептері  неде? 3.Инфаркт  белгілері  қандай  болады? 4.Гипертония  және  гипотониядағы   айырмашылық  неде? 5.  Атеросклероз  және  тахикардия  қалай  өзара  ажыратылады? 6.Жүрек  және  қан  тамырлары  жүйесі  ауруларының  қалай  алдын  алуға  болады?   1.Why  is  it  important  to  prevent  diseases  of  the  cardiovascular  system? 2.What  is  the  cause  of  heart  attack  and  stroke? 3.What  are  the  symptoms  of  a heart  attack? 4.What's  the  difference  between  hypertension  and  hypotension? 5.Does  atherosclerosis  and  tachycardia  differ? 6.   How  to  prevent  diseases  of  the  circulatory  system?

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• 1. What does the heart need? • a/ oxygen b/ carbon dioxide c/ nitrogen • 2. Blood pressure is too high • a/ tachicardia b/ hypertension c/ heart attack • 3. What are the symtoms of heart attack • a/ pressure and pain in the chest, nausea, shortness of • breath b/ temperature c/ headache • 4. Heart rate • a / жүрек айну b / жүрек миокарды c / жүрек соғысы • 5. Tachycardia is … • a/ blood pressure is too high • b/ fast heart rate at rest (more than 100 beats per minute) • c/ arteries become narrow   • TEST

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1.a 2.b 3. a 4.c 5.b

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Research time Some common factors can affect the formation of circulatory system diseases. These factors are : • -genetic factor • -poor diet • -lack of physical activity • -using some chemicals or drugs. Divide into four groups , every group must prepare a project on how one of factors can affect circulatory system. Make list of advices for your parents , relatives and classmates.

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Facts While heart beats, it produces small amounts of electricity. Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period using electrodes placed on the skin. Electrocardiograms of normal heartbeat and tachycardia

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Facts Coronary bypass surgery can help people with blocked heart arteries. In this case, blood vessels from other body parts are transplanted to heart and connect damaged artery with aorta, so normal blood supply is obtained

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