Ethocultural character of English ank Kazakh proverbs and sayings

Otegaliyeva Gauhar

Atyrau State University named after Khalel Dosmukhamedov,

Atyrau, Kazakhstan

gauhar_u_98@mail.ru

ETHNO - CULTURAL CHARACTER OF ENGLISH AND KAZAKH PROVERBS AND SAYINGS

Annotation

The article discusses ethno-linguistic and etho-cultural knowledge of proverbs in Kazakh and English languages and gives big attention to the meaning of proverbs. The article contains various themes of proverbs and their meaning based on motivation. There are shown the ways of how to use proverbs on the English lesson.

Абстракт

В статье рассматривается, этнолингвистическое, этнокультурное познание пословиц и поговорок в казахском и английском языках и в основном уделяется большое внимание значениям пословиц- поговорок. В статье содержит различной тематики пословицы, их смысл были рассмотрены на основании мотивация. Показаны пути эффективного использования пословицы и поговорки на уроках английского языка.

Аңдатпа

Мақалада қазақ және ағылшын мақал-мәтелдері этнолингвистикалық және этномәдени сипатта қарастырыла отырып, әсіресе олардың мән-мағынасына көп көңіл бөлінеді. Әр түрлі тақырыптағы мақал мәтелдерге тоқталып, олардың мағыналарының қалыптасуындағы уәждік негіздері анықталды. Ағылшын тілі сабағында мақал мәтелдерді тиімді қолдану жолдары көрсетілді.

Key words: proverbs, paremiology, motivation, ethnolinguistics, ethnoculture Kazakh language, English, grammar

Ключевые слова: пословицы и поговорки, паремиология, мотивация, этнолингвистика, этнокультура, казахский язык, английский язык, грамматика

Негізгі сөздер: мақал-мәтел, паремиология, уәж, этнолингвистика, этномәдени, қазақ тілі, ағылшын тілі, грамматика

The article is a proverb - a national heritage, an expression of great skill transmitted from generation to generation. In proverbs we see the wisdom of people. They summarize ninety words and draw conclusions. The proverb is translated into Latin - proverbium, adagium, French - proverbe, German - Sprichwort, English - proverb. Proverbs and sayings are used in many languages in the term paremia. Paremia In Greek, paroimia means proverb. Paremiologist GL Permyakov, a scientist, says: "The Words of the Classification of Posts and the Lessons of the Corresponding Paremiology, without the Decision of the Correspondence or the Possibility to Divide the Parameters of this Code". [1]

In this article we will talk about the ethnocultural nature of proverbs in Kazakh and English. The study of proverbs from the point of view of ethnolinguistic or ethnocultural character is the motive, history of origin, formation and use of modern language in the meaning of proverbs and sayings that are full of history from ancient times.

As the great poet Abay said, "one who knows the language and art of each person also incorporates the skills of equality," in this article I will focus on the national identity and linguistic features of two non-related languages, identifying the motives behind the formation of Kazakh and English proverbs and sayings. If you look at the history of Kazakh proverbs and sayings, the scholar Chokan Valikhanov who collected and pasted the oral proverbs and sayings in the people's mouth. Some proverbs and sayings in the works of Chokan Valikhanov "Selected Works" [2] have not lost their value to this day.

A. Baitursynov: "The article is also in line with the rhetoric. The meaning of the article is more true than the cover. The word text is a well-known word. The text will be closer to the article. However, the article is a practical truth. The text is spoken in the usual manner, without regard to the truth ”[3,112 p.], ─.

Collection and publication of Kazakh proverbs and sayings: Ibragimov, M.Terentiev, Y.Altynsarin, Y.Lutsh, F.Plotnikov, I.Grodekov, A.Vasilyev, P.M. Scientists of F.Katanov, NNPantusov, VVKatarinsky, O.Turmanzhanov, M.Alimbaev, A.Nurshaikov, N.Turekulov have adjusted the way of the writer and poet.

Well, the scientists who studied the proverbs and sayings in English - N. Dundes, A. Crickman, M. Kouzi, G. Milner, A. Thailer, G.L. Apperson, Linda and Roger Flowder. It is noted that the majority of English proverbs and sayings originate from the sacred book bible, the works of the well-known poets and writers Shakespeare, as well as the wise words of prominent politicians, and the "borrowed" proverbs in other languages.

The key difference between the origins of Kazakh and English paremiologisms is that a large group of Kazakh proverbs and sayings was formed by personality (dance, oratory, wise, wise old men, etc.) and passed on orally from generation to generation. Whereas the main source of English proverbs and sayings are religious affiliation, noble words from the holy book, and prominent, meaningful speech patterns by great personalities, such as Shakespeare, play a special role [4, 175].

A comparative review of the formation and study of the field of ethnolinguistics in the Kazakh and English linguistics revealed that a number of issues, especially national linguistics, were explored and a number of issues related to the national material and spiritual culture were revealed. Ethnolinguistic motivation is the identification of common expressions that are closely linked to the standard of living, mentality, customs, and traditions of the people, to the knowledge and understanding of each other, and to each other languages, as well as to the cognitive approaches [5,237].

The proverbs and sayings vary. Regardless of the language source, the subject groups are related to the spiritual culture and life of each nation. The content and motivations of these groups are also diverse. We can see how often they are used in the context of proverbs and sayings in the formation of meaning. Including life, environment, life, social phenomena, honesty, morality, friendship, work, business, caution, vigilance and much more. You can often find topics in both languages.

Articles about work, business - motivational basis of texts. In both non-native languages, there are many sources for commentary on this subject. For example: Little strokes fell freat darks (Еңбек етсең емерсің), Easy come easy go (Тез келген бақ тез кетеді), You must reap what you have won (Не ексең соны орасың), Confessing a difficult makes half amends for it (Қателікті мойындау – оны жартылай түзеткенмен тең). Such articles show the attitude of the people to work, and honesty to work. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart (Қиын іс жоқ ғаламда, ықылас қойға адамға, Easier said than done (Айту оңай, істеу қиын), A tree is known by its fruit. (Еңбегіне қарай өнбегі), A cat in gloves catches no mice ( Еңбек етсең емерсің), Business before pleasure ( Еңбек түбі – бейнет, Бейнет түбі – зейнет), Care killed the cat (Еңбек қажытпайды, қайғы қажытады) [3] It is not easy to work with illustrations such as hard work, pain, pain, and pain, and it is only by hard work that one achieves it. This kind of proverb encourages a person to work, to work, and to conclude that only labor brings honor.

Motivational basis of proverbs and sayings about health. Health is above wealth  (Денсаулық – зор байлық), As hungry wolf), (Аштық ас талғамайды), Who shall decide when doctors disagree (Ауру азайса, тәуіп ауырады), Acorns were good till bread was founded (Тойғанда тоқтының еті топырақ татиды), An apple a day keeps the doctors away ( Ас тұрған жерде ауру болмайды), Hunger breaks stone walls (Аштықта жеген құйқаңды тоқтықта ұмытпа), A man is what he eats ( Ас – адамның арқауы), If each would sweep before his own door, he should have a clean city (Тазалық бар жерде денсаулық бар) Agues come on horseback but go away on foot. (Кесел батпандап кіріп, мысқалдап шығады) like examples of bi-lingual health articles illustrate the notion of two peoples' health and well-being. Summarizing and analyzing the experience of the people over the centuries, they explain that health is a great source of health and that a person who is clean will survive the disease.

Motivational basis of proverbs and sayings. You may come across two proverbs, for example, proverbs and sayings. It is speed, speed, speed, speed, lungs, sadness of life, love of gold. For example, in Britain, Time and Wave do not expect a human, in Kazakh. There is no time like this now (never too late), time is a wonderful healer (Time healer), Time is money (Time money) etc. Submit your time and ask for a time estimate. With one wish, one of the winged words reads: "Yesterday's holiday. Tomorrow is unknown. "Know the worth and worth of today." We do not know the value of time. This first understanding of praise is time-aware.

Reading, education articles - motivational basis of texts. When we look at education and teaching in Kazakh and English, we see that both languages ​​place special emphasis on education. When it comes to art, education, or science, the folk tale begins with showing that they have many benefits to humans. Saying that the best light is made by science is the opposite of darkness and ignorance, making comparisons and drawing conclusions. Live and learn (Оқусыз білім жоқ, Білімсіз күнің жоқ), Knowledge is Power (Күш – білімде), Little learning is dangerous (Шала оқу қауіпті), Learning is the eye of mind (Оқыған озар, оқымаған тозар, Ақылды көндім десе, ақымақ жеңдім дейді), The fool does think he is wise,but the wise man knows himself to be a fool (Көргеніңді көңілге түй), So many  men ,so many  minds (Көптің ойы кеменгер), Science is  sea, knowledge  is ship (Ғылым – теңіз, білім-  кеме), Book  and  science is  a teacher without tongue (Кітап пен  ғылым –тілсіз  мұғалім)[6]etc. by means of prints emphasize the importance of knowledge through proverbs.

Counseling is a motivational framework for counseling. The subject of education is not foreign to the English people. That is why these diverse proverbs and sayings are available in two languages.Better late than never (Игіліктің ерте-кеші жоқ; Ештен кеш жақсы.), Example is better than precept (Өнеге — өте тиімді өсиет), He that mischief hatches mischief catches (Біреуге ор қазба, өзің түсерсің), Make hay while the sun shines (Темірді қызғанда соқ), Let sleeping dogs lie (Жатқан жыланның құйрығын баспа), Rich gifts are poor when givers prove unkind   (Ғайыптан тапқан алтыннан,  Ақсақал берген бата артық), Cut your coat according to your cloth (Көрпеңе қарай көсіл), You sell his skin (Қашпаған сиырдың уызын ішпе), The more haste the worse speed (Асыққан шайтанның ісі), Seeing is believing  (Жүз рет өлшеп, бір рет кес), Don’t cross bridge before you come to it (Байыбына бармай, бал ашпа), Two heads are better than one (Келісіп пішкен тон келте болмас)[6]. Saying such proverbs, he mentally advises, shuns evil, calls for good, and sings respect, caution, and discernment. Therefore, proverbs and sayings in this regard are of great educational value.

Motivational basis of proverbs and sayings about language. Actions speak louder than words (Адамды  сөзінен емес, ісінен таны), A closed mouth catches  no flies (Үндемеген  үйдей  бәледен құтылады), First think ,then speak (Айтылған сөз атылған  оқпен  тең), All roads lead to Rome (Қызыл тіл Римге жеткізер), The language is a key of  mood (Тіл-көңілдің  кілті), Great boast, small roast (Сөзге көп – іске жоқ), Brevity is the soul of wit (Аз сөз алтын), Many words cut more than swords (Таяқ еттен өтеді, сөз сүйектен өтеді), Bad news files fast (Жаман сөз жерде жатпайды), A good name is better than riches (Жақсы сөз – жарым ырыс) texplain the power of language through such proverbs. English and Kazakh proverbs and sayings can sometimes be confused or contradictory. For example, in English it says: "Stiks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me."Folk wisdom is hidden behind the proverbs and sayings. It describes the history of the nation, customs, customs, folk wisdom, ingenuity and jokes. Regardless of the theme of the proverb, their main focus is on upbringing, working out, repelling the good of the younger generation. That's why I think using proverbs and sayings in class is important when it comes to learning a language and improving students' speech and thinking ability. The use of proverbs and sayings in English can increase students' interest in the language, their ability to work and their activity in the classroom.

Tasks for dealing with proverbs and sayings:

     1. Provision of Kazakh equivalents for articles;

     2. Submission of the English equivalent of proverbs and sayings;

     3. Articles - completion of texts;

     4. Identification of proverbs and sayings;

     5. Read the story and find articles for the content;

     6. Underline verbs (adjectives, nouns) in proverbs;

     7. Give examples of proverbs and sayings;

     8. Develop a situational situation where you can use the proverbs and sayings;

You can also use proverbs and sayings to explain grammar. As you teach grammar topics, you can compile and present thematically relevant articles to your students. Some tasks can be used at any stage of learning, despite the complexity.

1. Finish the article.

1. He laughs best……………..

2. Between two stools………...

3. Clothes do not……………...

4. Early to bed, early to rise…….

5. An Englishman’s home………..

6. False friends…………………

7. Habit………………………….

8. Like father…………………….

9. To know everything……………

10. A man is as old as he feels……… 

1. like son.

2. who laughs last.

3. and a woman as old as she looks.

4. are worse than open enemies.

5. .makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.

6. make a man.

7. .is his castle.

8. .is a second nature.

9. ..is to know nothing.

10. ..one falls to the groun

2. Put the words in the right place: hare, horse, cat, bird, dog, bull.

11. All …….are grey in the dark.

12. Barking……….seldom bite.

13. A……….in the hand is worse two in the bush.

14. Don’t swap ……….in the middle of the stream.

15. The…….. must be taken by the horns.

16. Curiosity killed the …….. .

17. The early ……….catches the worm.

18. Every ………likes its own nest best.

19. First catch your ………., than cook him.

20. A ……….stumbles that has four legs.

3. Match the meaning of the proverb.

21. As you brew, so you must drink.

22. As you make your bed, so you must lie on it.

23. As you sow, so you reap.

24. After a storm comes a calm.

25. After rain comes fair weather.

26. The darkest hour is that before the dawn.

27. Every cloud has a silver lining.

28. Haste makes waste.

29. Hasty climbers have sudden falls.

Reading proverbs helps to increase students' vocabulary and memory, as well as popular wisdom. Studying proverbs helps you to memorize new words faster.

For example, with proverbs and sayings you can quickly learn numbers.

              Two is company, three is none.

If two man ride on a horse, one must ride behind.

Rain before seven, fine before eleven.

A cat has nine lives.

Custom is a second nature.

Two heads are better than one [8].

Proverbs and sayings are one of our precious legends, reflecting the history of each nation's development and its motives and motives. It is one of the types of oral literature, differing not only in the accuracy of the thought, but also in the depth of its content. Speaking of the nineteen words, it is good to use proverbs and sayings correctly and in an engaging, expressive and effective language.

In conclusion, each time we study English and Kazakh proverbs, we find that they cover all areas of society. What language we use in proverbs and sayings can be seen in their original meaning and meaning. We have proved this by comparing the ethnocultural nature of Kazakh and English proverbs and sayings.

References

    1.Permyakov G.L. Basic structural paremiology. M., 1988

    2.Valikhanov Sh.Sh. Collection of selected works. - Almaty: Writer: 1980.- 416 p.

    3. Baitursynov A. Literature reviewer. - Almaty: Atamura, 2003.- p. 208

    4. Article - Use of English in Proverbs // Ingested Languages ​​in School, 2005, 3

    5. Ethnolinguistic motives in the formation of Kazakhmakal-proverbs // Problems of Turkology: future today. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Almaty: State Institution Women's Pedagogical Institute, 2001, pp. 236-239

    6. http://sc0053.zerenda.akmoedu.kz/news/view/855FCB189CC78BA1.html

    7.``English post and subtitles in English language '' // Nikolaeva Galina Sergeevna // English language editor

    8. https://sites.google.com/site/folkenglishru/home/metodiceskie-osnovy-ispolzovania-anglijskih-poslovic-i-pogovorok-na-urokah-inostrannogo-azyka