Functional sub-skills of reading in English lesson

Functional sub-skills of reading in English lesson

The aim: “ Effective methods and methods of formation of learning literacy of students in foreign language classes.”

Improving students' functional literacy is the main part of the educational process. Educating the future generation to be competent is indicated in the national action plan for the development of functional literacy of schoolchildren in Kazakhstan, which provides for the development of students' competence skills and the ability to effectively use the knowledge they have acquired in real life situations. According to Joseph Addison said “Reading is to the mind, what exercise is to the body.” Reading is one of the main skills that a pupil must acquire in the process of mastering a foreign language in school. Reading is about understanding written texts. It is a complex activity that involves both perception and thought. Reading consists of two related processes: word recognition and comprehension. Word recognition refers to the process of perceiving how written symbols correspond to one's spoken language. Comprehension is the process of making sense of words, sentences and connected text. Learners get acquainted with countries where the target language is spoken.

As you know in English lesson we’ve used 4 sklls of learning languages with new methods of teaching. Listening,reading, writing and speaking. I choose the reading skills for learners because of “reading skill” is more important to learn languages and other 3 skills very close connect with each other. With reading skill learners concentrate to the words and its word order embedding and try to point attention to the meaning of words and translations. Reading develops pupils' intelligence. It helps to develop their memory, will, imagination. Pupils become accustomed to working with books, which in its turn facilitates unaided practice in further reading.

In the classroom learners spend time developing a wide range of sub-skills as they build each of the four skills. Amongst the sub-skills focussed on are scanning and skimming in reading, organisational and editing skills in writing, recognition of intensive  and understanding gist in listening, and pronunciation and extensive  in reading..

What are the four types of reading skills?

Following are the kinds of reading.

1- Skimming

Skimming means to go through the text quickly to grasp the overall meaning or gist of it. It is to extract the main theme or the core of the text by a quick reading process. The reader does not pronounce each and every word of the text, rather he focuses his attention on the subject matter, an overall view of the text,

2- Scanning

The sub-skill of reading by which the reader collects a particular information from the given text is known as scanning. The technique of scanning involves the ability to reject or ignore irrelevant information. In order to locate a specific  piece of information, the reader has to go through the text quickly and focus his attention on the relevant part of the text.

3 – Extensive Reading

This kind of reading emphasis less on accuracy and more on gaining fluency. It is done out of the classroom and meant for reader’s own pleasure.

4– Intensive Reading

Intensive reading is the close reading of a short text. It is a kind of reading that aims at accuracy of comprehension. It involves the reader in great attention to detail. Here, the reader has to learn the meaning of each and every word. It is considered a useful tool of learning a foreign language.”

In continuation of this I want to add there are different exercises for each subskills and it helps to develop each types of reading skills. For example:

Intensive Reading

• Setting the context

• Who said that?

• Create a timeline

• Retell the story.

Extensive Reading

• Read aloud

• Add misspelled words

• Reading race

• Find and use new words

Skimming

• Summarize the given text

• Give main points of the text

• Rewrite the subject matter in your own word.

• Give a suitable title to the given passage

• Extract the central idea of the text

• Such questions indicate that skimming is like global listening

Scanning

• Scanning is useful to answer the questions such as:

• Fill in the blanks

• Mark True or False

• Multiple Choice Items

• Short answer/question

Teaching reading is very important, because it helps to develop others skills: speaking and writing. This theme is very relevant, because sometimes in school teachers don't develop this skill right way, and spare a little time for it.

Today I want demonstrate you about how I used effective ways to build reading skill in my lessons. I teach form 2-6-7 grades in my school this year. At first I divided into three groups of my learners: Low-average-adult groups; Low is primary class: Average is lower secondary and adult is upper secondary learners.

In this regard, I use the following learning techniques in my class, depending on each group, and I want to show them.

Reading skills Techniques

For example: for low group I prepare such as strategies of reading:

• Phonetic drill

• Circle same words

• Reading by syllables

• Spelligator

• Parent reading

for average group I prepare such as strategies of reading:

• Mind map

• Building Text Challenge

• Speed reading

• Half words

• Spiral reading

for adult group I prepare such as strategies of reading:

• Tarsia

• Jigsow

• Labyrinth

Here you can see my students which use of some reading techniques.

Also you can use this web pages in your reading time. Here you can find different foreign books with sound pronunciations.

Epic 4kids.com

https://www.getepic.com/app?section=read-to-me

https://learningapps.org/13101451

Nowadays, reading is one of the most important skills, but not many people read books. therefore, teaching children to read from an early age teaches them to critically think about their future, to seriously solve the upcoming difficulties, and to achieve their goals.

Feature of the method-Reading is an essential skill for language learners. When your reading skills improve, your listening, speaking and writing skills improve too. Reading is the best way to learn and remember the proper spelling of words.

Effective use of innovative methods- Being able to effectively use the above-

mentioned methods in the classroom is a way to develop the child's reading skills. That is, through reading, the student can express his thoughts freely, improve his speech culture, and learn all skills effectively through reading. As a result, enthusiasm for lessons increases and interest in learning increases.

School № 17

Theme: Functional sub-skills of reading in English lesson

Turymbaeva Aliya

2024 y

One word stories

This is a simple activity where each student adds a word to create a group story.

Despite the simplicity it can be really challenging and I would only use it with higher levels.

• Students should be in a circle (if this isn’t possible make it clear they know who they are going to follow on from). The teacher can begin by saying the first word and each student adds the next word, without repeating what has come beforehand.

• Good starting words are 'Suddenly' or 'Yesterday' to force the story into the past tense. It is great for highlighting word collocations and practising word order. It also highlights problems students may have with tenses or prepositions for you to focus on in future classes.

• The stories can develop in any number of ways. Some groups may need the teacher to provide punctuation and decide that the sentence should end and a new one should begin. The great thing about this activity is that all students have to concentrate and listen carefully to their colleagues to be able to continue the story coherently.

Example

• Teacher – Yesterday

• Student 1 – I

• Student 2 – saw

• Student 3 – a

• Student 4 – strange

• Student 5 – man

• Student 6 – who

• Student 7 – was

• Student 8 – wearing

• Student 9 – a

• Student 10 – yellow

• Student 11 – hat

• Teacher – Full stop, new sentence

• Student 12 – He

• Student 13 – was

• Etc.

Shadow reading

This activity uses a text from the course book, and involves listening and pronunciation practice. This task is challenging and motivating and can be used at any level.

Teacher reads the text aloud and students follow, marking the text for stress

Teacher reads the text a second time and the students mark for linking

Individual chunks that show good examples of linking or problematic pronunciation can then be drilled

Students practise these aspects of pronunciation by reading the text to themselves before the teacher reads the text aloud again and they listen

Then the students read the text with the teacher and they have to start and finish at the same time as the teacher, who reads the text at normal speed

This works well after some exposure to the rules of pronunciation - connected speech, stress and intonation.