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Comparison of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and identification of their similarities and differences
Тақырып бойынша 11 материал табылды
Comparison of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and identification of their similarities and differences
Материал туралы қысқаша түсінік
8.4.2.2 compare structures of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
Материалдың қысқаша нұсқасы
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#1 слайд
Images: M. Ruiz From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
8.4.2.2 compare structures of
eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
1 слайд
Images: M. Ruiz From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com 8.4.2.2 compare structures of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
#2 слайд
Comparison of
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
and identification of their
similarities and differences
8.4.2.2 compare structures of
eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
2 слайд
Comparison of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and identification of their similarities and differences 8.4.2.2 compare structures of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
#3 слайд
TERMINOLOGY
CELL MEMBRANE - ЖАСУША МЕМБРАНАСЫ
CELL WALL - ЖАСУША ҚАБЫҚШАСЫ
CHLOROPLAST - ХЛОРОПЛАСТ
EUKARYOTIC CELL - ЭУКАРИОТТЫ ЖАСУША
GENETIC MATERIAL - ГЕНЕТИКАЛЫҚ МАТЕРИАЛ
MITOCHONDRIA - МИТОХОНДРИЯ
NUCLEUS - ЯДРО
ORGANELLE - ОРГАНЕЛЛА;
PROKARYOTIC CELL - ПРОКАРИОТТЫ ЖАСУША RIBOSOME
– РИБОСОМА
VACUOLE - ВАКУОЛЬ.
3 слайд
TERMINOLOGY CELL MEMBRANE - ЖАСУША МЕМБРАНАСЫ CELL WALL - ЖАСУША ҚАБЫҚШАСЫ CHLOROPLAST - ХЛОРОПЛАСТ EUKARYOTIC CELL - ЭУКАРИОТТЫ ЖАСУША GENETIC MATERIAL - ГЕНЕТИКАЛЫҚ МАТЕРИАЛ MITOCHONDRIA - МИТОХОНДРИЯ NUCLEUS - ЯДРО ORGANELLE - ОРГАНЕЛЛА; PROKARYOTIC CELL - ПРОКАРИОТТЫ ЖАСУША RIBOSOME – РИБОСОМА VACUOLE - ВАКУОЛЬ.
#4 слайд
Two Basic Types of Cells
Eukaryotic CellsProkaryotic Cells
CELLS:
-
ARE THE BUILDING BLOCK S OF LIFE!
-
ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE OF ONE OR MORE CELLS.
-
ONLY COME FROM OTHER CELLS.
-
ARE , REALLY SMALL. HOW SMALL ARE THEY?
-
SMALL BECAUSE OF SUR FACE TO VOLUME RATIO
4 слайд
Two Basic Types of Cells Eukaryotic CellsProkaryotic Cells CELLS: - ARE THE BUILDING BLOCK S OF LIFE! - ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE OF ONE OR MORE CELLS. - ONLY COME FROM OTHER CELLS. - ARE , REALLY SMALL. HOW SMALL ARE THEY? - SMALL BECAUSE OF SUR FACE TO VOLUME RATIO
#5 слайд
O ld School 5 Kingdom classification of organisms
Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes
Image: Phylogenetic Tree , WikiFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
5 слайд
O ld School 5 Kingdom classification of organisms Eukaryotes Prokaryotes Image: Phylogenetic Tree , WikiFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#6 слайд
Prokaryotes (Bacteria)
Tell me about Prokaryotes … Binary Fission
Images: Prokaryotic cell diagram , M. Ruiz,
Binary fission , JW SchmidtCheck out these quick animated
lessons on
binary fission:
(Please watch both, as each provides different and
useful information.)
Binary Fission Animation
from C la ssZ one
Binary Fission Animation
From M cG raw -H illCheck out these quick animated
lessons on
binary fission:
(Please watch both, as each provides different and
useful information.)
Binary Fission Animation
from ClassZone
Binary Fission Animation
From McGraw-Hill
From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
6 слайд
Prokaryotes (Bacteria) Tell me about Prokaryotes … Binary Fission Images: Prokaryotic cell diagram , M. Ruiz, Binary fission , JW SchmidtCheck out these quick animated lessons on binary fission: (Please watch both, as each provides different and useful information.) Binary Fission Animation from C la ssZ one Binary Fission Animation From M cG raw -H illCheck out these quick animated lessons on binary fission: (Please watch both, as each provides different and useful information.) Binary Fission Animation from ClassZone Binary Fission Animation From McGraw-Hill From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#7 слайд
Eukaryotic Cells
Eu =“true”, karyon=“nucleus”
Genetic material contained in a nuclear
membrane.
Membrane bound organelles.
Include animal, plant, fungi, algae cells
as well as other microscopic eukaryotes.
Evolved from prokaryotic cells .
Image: Eukaryotic Cell Diagram , M. RuizFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
7 слайд
Eukaryotic Cells Eu =“true”, karyon=“nucleus” Genetic material contained in a nuclear membrane. Membrane bound organelles. Include animal, plant, fungi, algae cells as well as other microscopic eukaryotes. Evolved from prokaryotic cells . Image: Eukaryotic Cell Diagram , M. RuizFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#8 слайд
Cytoplasm
Nicknames: The Matrix ,
Molecular Chowder
Fills the space between the plasma membrane and
the nuclear membrane
A water-like substance that fills cells.
Consists of cytosol and cellular organelles
except for the cell nucleus.
cytosol is made up of water, salts, organic
molecules and many enzymes that catalyze
reactions.
Q : Eukaryotes? Prokaryotes? Both?
Image: Eukaryotic Cell Diagram , M. RuizFrom the Virtual Cell Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
8 слайд
Cytoplasm Nicknames: The Matrix , Molecular Chowder Fills the space between the plasma membrane and the nuclear membrane A water-like substance that fills cells. Consists of cytosol and cellular organelles except for the cell nucleus. cytosol is made up of water, salts, organic molecules and many enzymes that catalyze reactions. Q : Eukaryotes? Prokaryotes? Both? Image: Eukaryotic Cell Diagram , M. RuizFrom the Virtual Cell Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#9 слайд
Cytoskeleton
Nicknames: Scaffolding,
Highways
•
Maintains cell shape.
•
Protects the cell.
•
Enables some cell movement (using structures
such as flagella and cilia).
•
Plays important roles in intra-cellular
transport (the movement of vesicles and organelles).
•
Plays important role in cell division .
Q : Eukaryotes? Prokaryotes? Both?
Images: Fluoresced Eukaryotic Cell , NIH. From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
9 слайд
Cytoskeleton Nicknames: Scaffolding, Highways • Maintains cell shape. • Protects the cell. • Enables some cell movement (using structures such as flagella and cilia). • Plays important roles in intra-cellular transport (the movement of vesicles and organelles). • Plays important role in cell division . Q : Eukaryotes? Prokaryotes? Both? Images: Fluoresced Eukaryotic Cell , NIH. From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#10 слайд
Surface Appendages: Cilia & Flagella
External appendages
from cell membrane.
Aid in locomotion of the
cell or movement of
materials around cell.
Cytoskeleton on inside,
plasma membrane on
outside.
Images: Cilia of the lung trachea epithilium , Charles Daghlian, Cilum Diagram &
Flagellum Diagram , M. Ruiz; Sperm & Egg, Wiki From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
10 слайд
Surface Appendages: Cilia & Flagella External appendages from cell membrane. Aid in locomotion of the cell or movement of materials around cell. Cytoskeleton on inside, plasma membrane on outside. Images: Cilia of the lung trachea epithilium , Charles Daghlian, Cilum Diagram & Flagellum Diagram , M. Ruiz; Sperm & Egg, Wiki From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#11 слайд
CYTOSKELETON: Centrioles & Centrosomes
The centrosome , also called the "microtubule organizing center", is an area in the cell where microtubles are
produced.
Within the cells of animals are a pair of centriole , made of nine sets of triplet microtubules.
Microtubules > Centriole > Centrosome
Images: Centriole Cross-section & Centriole-3D , Twooars; Micrograph of
Centrioles , Christos ChinopoulosFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
11 слайд
CYTOSKELETON: Centrioles & Centrosomes The centrosome , also called the "microtubule organizing center", is an area in the cell where microtubles are produced. Within the cells of animals are a pair of centriole , made of nine sets of triplet microtubules. Microtubules > Centriole > Centrosome Images: Centriole Cross-section & Centriole-3D , Twooars; Micrograph of Centrioles , Christos ChinopoulosFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#12 слайд
Q : What do ribosomes do?
Q : What are they made of?
Can be found alone in the cytoplasm, in
groups called polyribosomes, or attached to
the endoplasmic reticulum.
Q : Eukaryotes? Prokaryotes? Both?
Images: Ribosome translating protein , animation, Xvazquez;
Ribosome Structure , Vossman Click here for animation
of ribosome building a
protein.Ribosomes
From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
12 слайд
Q : What do ribosomes do? Q : What are they made of? Can be found alone in the cytoplasm, in groups called polyribosomes, or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Q : Eukaryotes? Prokaryotes? Both? Images: Ribosome translating protein , animation, Xvazquez; Ribosome Structure , Vossman Click here for animation of ribosome building a protein.Ribosomes From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#13 слайд
Membrane-bound Organelles
Eukaryotic cells have many
organelles.
Prokaryotes only have
ribosomes, which are not
bound by a membrane.
Membrane-bound eukaryotic
organelles organize functions
within the cell.
Image: Eukaryotic Cell Diagram , M. RuizFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
13 слайд
Membrane-bound Organelles Eukaryotic cells have many organelles. Prokaryotes only have ribosomes, which are not bound by a membrane. Membrane-bound eukaryotic organelles organize functions within the cell. Image: Eukaryotic Cell Diagram , M. RuizFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#14 слайд
System of internal membranes within eukaryotic cells that divide the cell into compartments, or organelles.
Transport system, for moving molecules, into, out of, and through interior of cell, as well as interactive surfaces for
lipid and protein synthesis.
Membranes of the endomembrane system are made of a lipid bilayer, with proteins.
The Endomembrane System
consists of:
1. nucleus
2. endoplasmic reticulum
3. Golgi apparatus
4. vesicles
5. lysosomes
6 … Q : What other membranous part of the cell should
also be included in this list?
Image: Endomembrane system diagram, M. RuizFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
14 слайд
System of internal membranes within eukaryotic cells that divide the cell into compartments, or organelles. Transport system, for moving molecules, into, out of, and through interior of cell, as well as interactive surfaces for lipid and protein synthesis. Membranes of the endomembrane system are made of a lipid bilayer, with proteins. The Endomembrane System consists of: 1. nucleus 2. endoplasmic reticulum 3. Golgi apparatus 4. vesicles 5. lysosomes 6 … Q : What other membranous part of the cell should also be included in this list? Image: Endomembrane system diagram, M. RuizFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#15 слайд
ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM ORGANELLES:
Lysosomes
Nickname :
Recycling Trucks
•
Break down food into particles and
also destroy old cellular
components.
•
Q : Which organelle produces
lysosomes?
•
Contain hydrolytic enzymes and are
involved in intracellular digestion.
Images: Endomembrane system diagram, M. Ruiz,
Lysosome action diagram , Encyclopedia of Science
From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
15 слайд
ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM ORGANELLES: Lysosomes Nickname : Recycling Trucks • Break down food into particles and also destroy old cellular components. • Q : Which organelle produces lysosomes? • Contain hydrolytic enzymes and are involved in intracellular digestion. Images: Endomembrane system diagram, M. Ruiz, Lysosome action diagram , Encyclopedia of Science From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#16 слайд
Organelles : Energy-Related
Mitochondria
&
Chloroplast
•
Both organelles house energy in the form
of ATP .
•
Both ancestrally were independent cells
that formed a symbiotic relationship
with other cells.
•
Q : Eukaryotes? Prokaryotes? Both? Found in nearly
all eukaryotes
Found in
plants &
algae & some
microbes
Images: Mitochondrion diagram M. Ruiz;
Chloroplast diagram , Wiki
From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
16 слайд
Organelles : Energy-Related Mitochondria & Chloroplast • Both organelles house energy in the form of ATP . • Both ancestrally were independent cells that formed a symbiotic relationship with other cells. • Q : Eukaryotes? Prokaryotes? Both? Found in nearly all eukaryotes Found in plants & algae & some microbes Images: Mitochondrion diagram M. Ruiz; Chloroplast diagram , Wiki From the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#17 слайд
Now let’s
learn about
additional
structures found
in
Plant Cells •
Images: All images by T. PortFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
17 слайд
Now let’s learn about additional structures found in Plant Cells • Images: All images by T. PortFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#18 слайд
ENERGY-RELATED ORGANELLES:
Chloroplasts
Nickname:
Solar Panels
Captures sunlight energy to make
ATP .
chlorophyll (a green pigment)
absorbs solar energy and
carbohydrates are made in the
stroma.
Images: Plant cells with chloroplasts , Kristian
Peters, Chloroplast diagram , WikiFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
18 слайд
ENERGY-RELATED ORGANELLES: Chloroplasts Nickname: Solar Panels Captures sunlight energy to make ATP . chlorophyll (a green pigment) absorbs solar energy and carbohydrates are made in the stroma. Images: Plant cells with chloroplasts , Kristian Peters, Chloroplast diagram , WikiFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#19 слайд
Section 7-2PLANT CELL : Vacuole
Nickname: Reservoir
•
Stores water.
•
This is what makes lettuce crisp.
•
When there is low water, the
plant wilts.Please water
me!
Images: Osmosis Plant Cell , M. Ruiz; Other Images
Source UnknownFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
19 слайд
Section 7-2PLANT CELL : Vacuole Nickname: Reservoir • Stores water. • This is what makes lettuce crisp. • When there is low water, the plant wilts.Please water me! Images: Osmosis Plant Cell , M. Ruiz; Other Images Source UnknownFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#20 слайд
PLANT CELLS : Cell Wall
Function : Provides support and
protection to the cell membrane
Found outside the cell
membrane in plant cells .
Images: Plant cell , M. RuizFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
20 слайд
PLANT CELLS : Cell Wall Function : Provides support and protection to the cell membrane Found outside the cell membrane in plant cells . Images: Plant cell , M. RuizFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#21 слайд
Animal Cell (Eukaryote)
Images: Animal cell diagram , M. RuizFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
21 слайд
Animal Cell (Eukaryote) Images: Animal cell diagram , M. RuizFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#22 слайд
Plant Cell (Eukaryote)
Image: Plant cell diagram , M. RuizFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
22 слайд
Plant Cell (Eukaryote) Image: Plant cell diagram , M. RuizFrom the Virtual Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
#23 слайд
23 слайд
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