Ағылшын тілінде сөздік қорын көбейту тәсілдері

Как расширить свой словарный запас в английском языке ? Этот вопрос особенно важен, если Вы планируете сдать международные тесты, например, IELTS или TOEFL. 

Не секрет, что самое сложное в тестах IELTS и TOEFL – это именно вакабуляр или набор слов, который нужно знать. Дело в том, что обычно это довольно редкие слова и выражения. Я бы рекомендовала сделать следующее. Взять за привычку учить каждый день 20 слов. Это и не много, и не мало. Скажем, 10 слов в первой половине дня, 10 слов во второй половине, и ближе к ночи повторить.

Какие слова учить ? Ниже в этой статье — 100 самых распространенных слова из тестов IELTS и TOEFL.  Или из учебника, или из теста. Или из газеты! Да главное, чтобы это слово было незнакомым и не находилось в первой тысяче самых распростанненных слов. Например, слово «beautiful» учить не надо – от вас ожидается, что элементарным вокабуляром вы уже владеете.

Каким образом учить слова и особенно, как их запомнить? Слова я повторюсь, довольно сложные. Во-первых, всегда нужно писать толкование слова, пусть коротенькое, но надо. Потом желательно и пример, как слово использовать. Потом, в последней колоночке – перевод. Плюс импровизируйте, рисуйте, добавляйте всякие рожицы – это будет помогать вспомнить слова! Вот, например, как я бы советовала учить первые пять слов (список ниже прилагается).

Обратите внимание на следующее:
1. Слова НЕ НАДО писать в алфавитном порядке.
2. Лучше всего слова нумеровать.
3. Желательно писать транскрипцию.
4. Необязательно писать перевод, если вы понимаете, о чем идет речь.
5. Толкование слова должно быть коротким, как и пример. Не надо писать страницу на одно слово.

Потеряете много времени и все равно забудете, лучше возьмите больше слов, но покороче толкование.
Так вы пишите слова где-то до тысячи. На вторую тысячу заводите новую тетрадочку. И опять по накатанной. Желательно, конечно, вам хоть кого-то в помощь. Чтобы мог спрашивать. Например, что значит слово “unique” ? А как оно переводится? Для этой цели не обязателен учитель и профессионал, но желательно, чтобы это был человек, который может прочитать слово на английском и свериться, правильно ли вы отвечаете. Если же такого человека нет – спрашивайте сами себя. Старым «дедовским» способом. Одну колоночку закрываем белой бумажкой и проверяем себя сами.

Когда слов перевалит за 500 – оно как-то легче пойдет, говорю из собственного опыта. Память натренирована будет, что ли? Во всяком случае, не надо будет прилагать титанические усилия, чтобы запомнить то или иное слово.
Сколько слов надо выучить – ну я бы сказала, как можно больше. Хотя бы несколько тысяч. А если со временем у вас напряг и вам надо профессиональная помощь – тогда жду вас к нам – в Enline! Самые лучшие педагоги – у нас! И самые лучшие результаты – тоже в Enline! Приходите – убедитесь сами!

Ниже Топ-100 самых распространенных слов для расширения вокабуляра для IELTS и TOEFL

abyss: enormous chasm; vast bottomless pit; any deep, immeasurable space; hell

acquiesce: assent; agree without protesting

affable: easily approachable; warmly friendly

affliction: cause or condition of pain, suffering, or distress

affluent: having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value

agitate: cause to move with violence or sudden force; upset; disturb

ambiguous: unclear or doubtful in meaning

annex: append or attach; take possession of; incorporate into an existing political unit

aqueous: of or like water

arduous: demanding great effort or labor; difficult

aroma: fragrance; scent; pleasant characteristic odor, as of a plant, spice, or food

atone: make amends, as for sin or fault; pay for; turn away from sin

avarice: greediness for wealth; insatiable desire of gain

bellicose: warlike or hostile in manner or temperament; showing or having impulse to be combative

calisthenics: exercises to develop strong bodies

captor: person who takes smb captive

concoct: digest; convert into nourishment by the organs of nutrition.

dangle: hang loosely, or with a swinging or jerking motion; swing, as something suspended loosely

deprive: deny; take away

diligent: assiduous; industrious; hard-working

disrobe: undress

docile: obedient; ready and willing to be taught; easily managed or handled

doleful: sorrowful; filled with or expressing grief; mournful

drought: dry period; aridity; long period of abnormally low rainfall

dubious: questionable; filled with doubt

dumbfound: fill with astonishment and perplexity; confound

efface: rub or wipe out; make indistinct as if by rubbing

elucidate: make clear or plain, especially by explanation; clarify

enchant: charm by sorcery; get control of by magical words and rites

endeavor: attempt by employing effort

endorse: acknowledge by signing a bill, draft, or other instrument; approve; support

enthral: take the whole attention, enslave

exploit: make use of, sometimes unjustly

extensive: widespread; far-reaching; wide

extol: praise highly; glorify; celebrate

flimsy: weak; feeble; limp; slight; vain; without strength or solidity

fraud: getting money by lying or cheating; something intended to deceive

gaudy: very showy or ornamented, especially when excessive, or in a tasteless or vulgar manner

ghastly: horrible; inspiring shock; extremely unpleasant or bad

grumble: utter or emit low dull rumbling sounds

harass: irritate or torment persistently; wear out; exhaust

heretic: one who holds to a heresy; one who believes some doctrine contrary to the established faith or prevailing religion

impediment: any structure that makes progress difficult; stumbling-block

indigenous: native; originating where it is found

insatiate: never satisfied

intrepid: fearless; indicating or springing from courage

irate: feeling or showing extreme anger; enraged

jeopardy: exposure to death, loss, or injury; hazard; risk of loss or injury

leash: control

loafer: an idle, lazy person

lucrative: profitable; producing good profit

lustrous: giving out or shedding light, as sun or fire; reflecting light; having brilliant surface

malign: speak evil of; bad-mouth; defame

meddle: mix; mingle; interfere or busy one’s self improperly with another’s affairs, specifically, to handle or disturb another’s property without permission

mend: make repairs or restoration to; fix; improve

mirth: gladness and gaiety, especially when expressed by laughter

nausea: feeling of sickness in stomach by an urge to vomit; strong aversion; disgust

neglect: disregard; ignore; pay little or no attention to

nocturnal: of or relating to or occurring in the night; most active at night

obese: extremely fat; grossly overweight

obsolete: no longer useful; outmoded; antiquated

perch: a place high up; an elevated place serving as a seat

pervade: pass or flow through, as an aperture; permeate; pass or spread through the whole extent of

petulant: easily irritated or annoyed; unreasonably irritable or ill-tempered

pillage: rob of goods by force, especially in time of war; plunder; take as spoils

presumptuous: overconfident; going beyond what is right or proper; excessively forward

quashed: annuled

quenching: satisfy, put an end to, put out

refurbished: make clean, as if like new

rejoicing: of rejoice; feeling and expression of joy and gladness; procedure expressive of joy; festivity

reticent: inclined to keep silent; reserved; uncommunicative.

reverberate: be sent back, again and again

rigor: strictness or severity, as in temperament, action, or judgment; something hard to endure

rotundity: roundness; rounded fullness; integral entireness

salvage: save from loss or destruction; rescue of a ship; save for further use

scattered: not situated together

shatter: destroy; break up; break into many pieces

shunned: avoided, kept away from

sketchy: containing only an outline or rough form; being in the manner of a sketch; incomplete

sporadic: occurring at irregular intervals; having no pattern or order in time

stifled: suppressed, kept back

strive: endeavor; struggle or fight forcefully; exert much effort or energy

subsequent: following in time or order; succeeding; later

succumb: submit to an overpowering force; yield to an overwhelming desire; give up or give in

taciturn: silent or reserved in speech; saying little; not inclined to speak or converse

tantalize: tease; torture with disappointment; bait someone by showing something desirable but leaving them unsatisfied

tentative: hesitant; not fully worked out or developed; experimental; not definite or positive

torpid: having lost motion, or the power of exertion and feeling; numb; benumbed

treacherous: dangerous; dangerously unstable and unpredictable; disloyal; tending to betray

tremor: shaking or vibrating movement; slight quiver

tyro: beginner in learning something; novice

uproar: noise and excitement

vanity: quality or state of being vain; emptiness; feelings of excessive pride; conceit

vehemence: forcefulness; intensity; conviction

vigilance: watchfulness; wakefulness; process of paying close and continuous attention

vindicate: clear from blame; exonerate; maintain, uphold, or defend

voluptuous: giving pleasure or satisfaction of the senses; having strong sexual appeal

wan: having a pale or sickly color; unnaturally pale, as from physical or emotional distress

wile: trick or stratagem practiced for deception

wrinkle: a minor difficulty; a slight depression in the smoothness of a surface

Sub list 1 

Analyse (break down)
Approach (view, mind)
Area (field, discipline)
Assess (evaluate, calculate, estimate)
Assume (think, believe in, suppose)
Authority (power, leadership, force)
Available (public, spare)
Benefit (advantage)
Concept (idea)
Consist (include, involve)

Constitute (combine, make up)
Context (situation, circumstance)
Contract (agreement)
Create (form, found, establish)
Data (information)
Definition (interpretation, explanation)
Derived (borrowed, copied)
Distribution (allocation, dispersion)
Economic (budgetary, commercial)
Environment  (climate, habitat)

Establish (set up, organize, build)
Estimate (evaluate, determine)
Evident (apparent, clear)
Export (dump, ship)
Factor (aspect, determinant)
Finance (money, investment)
Formula (rule, code)
Function (capacity, job, role)
Identify (recognize, classify, label)
Income (salary, wages, earnings)

Indicate (signify, display)
individual (person, human being)
interpretation (understanding, perception)
involved (connected, related)
issues (affair, argument, concern)
labour (work)
legal (constitutional, juridical)
legislate (enact, make laws)
major (primary, main)
method (style, approach)

Occur (happen, take place)
percent (ratio, portion)
period (age, era)
policy (procedure, tactics)
principle (law, standard, assumption)

procedure (process, action)
process (action, movement, measure)
required (necessary, appropriate)
research (analysis, examination, study)
response (answer, reply, reaction, feedback)

Role (act, appearance, aspect)
Section  (division, category)
Sector (district, part, area)
Significant (meaningful, important)
Similar (identical, akin)
Source (origin, beginning)
Specific (particular, precise)
Structure (form, design)
Theory (belief, hypothesis)
Vary (differ)

Sub list 2

Achieve (succeed)
Acquisition (taking over, purchase)
Administration  (
Affect
Appropriate (proper, right, suitable)
Aspect
Assistance
Categories
Chapter
Commission

Community
Complex
Compute
Conclusion (outcome, result)
Conduct
Consequences
Construction
Consumer (customer, client)
Credit
Culture

Design
Distinction
Element
Equation
Evaluation
Features
Final
Focus
Impact (influence, have an effect on)
Injury

Institute
Investment
Item
Journal
Maintain
Normal
Obtain
Participate
Perceive
Positive

Potential
Previous
Primary
Purchase
Range
Region
Regulation
Relevant
Resident
Resources

Restrict
Secure
Seek
Select
Site
Strategy
Survey
Text
Tradition
Transfer