Methods of teaching English

УДК 37

Методы обучения английскому языку

Балыкбаева Айжан Танатаркызы, Жолшораева Шынар Сакеновна,

Косанова Асель Бековна,

Студенты

АРГУ им. К. Жубанова

Аннотация: Английский язык, ставший популярным в мире, очень особенный. В значении языковой системы, существующей веками, есть большая разница. Будьте удивительны как в изучении языка, так и в качестве учителя языка! Существует различные методы преподования и в таком современном мире можно использовать различные ИКТ средства и инструменты.

Ключевые слова: методика, английский язык, аудиоязычный метод, прямой метод,метод полного физического реагирования .

Methods of teaching English

Balykbayeva Aizhan Tanatarkyzy

Zholshorayeva Shynar Sakenovna

Kossanova Assel Bekovna

Abstract: English, which has become popular in the world, is very special. There is a big difference in the meaning of the language system that has existed for centuries. Be amazing both in language learning and as a language teacher! There are various teaching methods,and in such a modern world ,various ICT tools can be used.

Key words: method, english, audio-lingual method, direct method,TPR.

You might think the answer to this question is obvious and that speaking English fluently means not making any mistakes and being perfect. But it’s not true and it’s important to remember that. Speaking a language fluently means being able to communicate easily. The majority of non-native English speakers will always continue to make a few mistakes in their speaking and writing, even at an advanced stage, and will never stop learning new vocabulary. But that’s not a bad thing, on the contrary, it’s something that can help motivate you. Whatever level you are now, I’m sure you make a few mistakes, but you can still say some phrases quite easily. And as you learn and improve, the number of these phrases you can say easily will increase, and you will become fluent. The most effective way to become fluent is to speak. If you learn a language by speaking, as children do, you can learn naturally through listening to others and copying. And the more you speak, even from the first stages, the more confidence you will gain, which makes speaking fluently become a very achievable reality. Wall Street English, your central focus will be on speaking and you will work on feeling more and more confident about your speaking from the very first lessons, even as a beginner. You will spend all the lesson time learning to use practical, everyday language in an open-plan setting that is very similar to a real situation in which you need to speak English abroad. By learning English in this natural way of language acquisition, you can easily obtain the characteristics of a native speaker and become fluent. As a child, you learned your native language through trial and error – making mistakes and correcting yourself. And the best thing to do to become fluent in English is to adopt the same method. When you’re learning, it’s almost impossible to say something perfectly the first time. You need to try, then try again, and then when you feel you’ve got it, you can put the new language into practice in a real-life situation. And even in that case, making mistakes is natural and useful because mistakes teach you the right way. I often hear new students saying they feel scared to speak in front of others because they’re worried about making mistakes. But after a couple of lessons they quickly feel more comfortable as they listen to other students of their level speaking openly and confidently, making mistakes without any embarrassment. It really is a fundamental element of learning because if you don’t take a risk and let yourself make mistakes, you can’t grow and improve. Some language students focus a lot of attention on grammar and don’t consider pronunciation very important. But whether people will understand you or not depends on how you pronounce a phrase. Getting to a high level of English but with poor pronunciation makes you still sound quite elementary. But if you learn to pronounce English well, you can quickly sound fluent even if you’re a fairly low level. So make time for improving your pronunciation from the very start of your English course.

As a Wall Street English student you have the chance to give a lot of attention to pronunciation. During every lesson, you listen to a variety of characters in a fun video story who introduce new words and phrases to you. And as you listen and copy the right sounds, you listen to yourself and can correct any mistakes. To speak English fluently, it goes without saying that you must understand speech instantly and speak without thinking. This requires following the 7 rules of ‘Excellent English Speaking’ when you learn. When you use all 7 rules, your English speaking improves. However, there is one more requirement – just one more thing you need – in order to speak English fluently: you must have confidence. That’s right, emotion is critically important for fluent speech. It’s not enough to “know what to say,” you also need to “say what you know.” In other words, you must have the confidence to use your knowledge without hesitation. Many English students speak badly, not because they lack vocabulary or understanding but because they are nervous, worried, and afraid of appearing foolish. This fear of making mistakes and the fear of other people’s opinions destroys their fluency. There fore, you must train yourself in this area. That’s why, in addition to studying English vocabulary, listening, and speaking, you must also study your own psychology. You must learn how to manage your emotions. You must learn how to develop inner strength and confidence. In my new Power English lessons, I teach you exactly how to develop that confidence. I teach you specific techniques to change your emotions so you immediately feel stronger when speaking English. Using these techniques, you will speak faster, more clearly, and more comfortably — right now! You will use the English you already know but much more quickly and automatically. When you come to my seminars, you will learn these same techniques and you will use them. You will directly experience the power of developing confidence in your English speaking. After just 5 hours, most of my seminar students show improvement in their English speaking. They speak more quickly and more clearly. How? Mostly by changing their feelings and beliefs – by developing a strong confidence in their English speaking ability. This is one of the vital benefits of Power English. Power English is a complete English learning system and one that includes the very best teaching methods plus powerful psychological techniques that increase your confidence and motivation. By using all parts of the system, and by using the lessons exactly as I recommend, you will improve your English speaking fluency very quickly. Develop your confidence, develop your motivation, and develop your fluent English speaking. [1]. And TPR: The method is an example of the comprehension approach to language teaching. The listening and responding (with actions) serves two purposes: It is a means of quickly recognizing meaning in the language being learned, and a means of passively learning the structure of the language itself. Grammar is not taught explicitly but can be learned from the language input. TPR is a valuable way to learn vocabulary, especially idiomatic terms, e.g., phrasal verbs. The majority of class time in TPR lessons is spent doing drills in which the instructor gives commands using the imperative mood. Students respond to these commands with physical actions. Initially, students learn the meaning of the commands they hear by direct observation. After they learn the meaning of the words in these commands, the teacher issues commands that use novel combinations of the words the students have learned. Direct method : The direct method of teaching was developed as a response to the Grammar-Translation method. It sought to immerse the learner in the same way as when a first language is learnt. All teaching is done in the target language, grammar is taught inductively, there is a focus on speaking and listening, and only useful ‘everyday' language is taught. Audio lingual method The audio-lingual method consists of teaching a new language through reading a dialogue or text and carrying out drills associated with it. According to this method learning a language consists of getting to know its grammar and practicing its rules through different types of drills until habits in the new language are formed and speech becomes spontaneous. Through listening, imitating and performing controlled tasks, students acquire a new form of verbal behavior. The essentials are: a) language learning is a process of habit formation, and good habits are formed by giving correct responses b) since language is basically oral, spoken form is presented before written form c) translation or use of the native tongue is discouraged d) students infer the rules of the language through practice, so the approach to the teaching of grammar is essentially inductive (as in the direct method). And accept That English Is a Weird Language : Sometimes you can find patterns in English grammar, but other times English doesn’t make sense at all. For example, why are “read” (reed) and “read” (red) the same word, but pronounced differently depending on whether you’re speaking in the past or present tense? Or why is “mice” the plural of “mouse,” but “houses” is the plural of “house”? Unfortunately, there are just as many exceptions as there are rules in English. It’s easy to get stuck on learning how to speak English properly, if you try to find a reason for everything.  Sometimes English is weird and inexplicable, so instead the best thing to do is just memorize the strange exceptions and move on. [2] . While there are always those programs that insist upon a mandatory methodology, doing great disservice to students and teachers alike, you should always try to choose those methodologies and approaches that are most effective for your students. After all, our job as teachers is to help our students to learn in the best way for them—not for us, not for any researcher and not for any administrator. Did I say methodologies and approaches? Plural? Yes! The best teachers choose the best methodology and the best approach for each lesson or activity. They aren’t wedded to any particular methodology. Rather they use principled eclecticism, freely moving between lessons, tasks, methodologies and approaches, almost seamlessly. Have you ever had to teach a grammatical construction that only appears in written form? And then had your students practice it by writing? Then you’ve used the grammar-translation method. Have you ever talked to your students in question/answer form, hoping that they will pick up the grammar point that you are trying to teach? Then you’ve used the direct method. Have you ever repeatedly drilled grammatical endings, or numbers, or months, perhaps before showing them to your students? Then you’ve used the audio-lingual method. Have you ever played Simon Says? Or given your students commands to open their textbook to a certain page? Then you’ve used the total physical response method. Have you ever written a thematic unit on a topic not covered by the textbook, incorporating all four skills and culminating in a final assignment? Then you’ve used task-based learning. If you’ve already done all of these, then you’re already practicing principled eclecticism. The point is: The best teachers make use of all possible methodologies and approaches at the appropriate time, for the appropriate activities, and for those students whose learning styles require that approach. The ultimate goal is to choose the methods that best fit your students, not to force your students to adhere to any particular or limiting methodology.

Список литературы

1. https://www.wallstreetenglish.com

2. https://www.fluentu.com

3. https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk

4.https://www.languagejourneys.com

5. https://www.wikipedia.org