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Образ және оның түрлері

Материал туралы қысқаша түсінік
Образ және оның түрлерін ажыратату.
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Автор материалды ақылы түрде жариялады. Сатылымнан түскен қаражат авторға автоматты түрде аударылады. Толығырақ
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Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɫɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɇ.ə. Ȼɟɪɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɨ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ ɤɪɚɫɨɬɵ ɭ ɪɭɫɫɤɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɤɨɜ? ɍɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɥɢ ɭɱɟɧɨɦɭ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɶ ɜ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɢ ɷɫɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɬɟ
ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜ ɨɰɟɧɤɚɯ ɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɩɢɫɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɤɪɢɬɢɤɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɥɢ ɧɟɜɟɪɧɨɟ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ?
Ɉɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɤɨ-ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɣ ɇ.ə. Ȼɟɪɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ, ɟɝɨ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ ɨ ɬɨɦ,
ɱɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɣ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɟɧ «ɩɨɷɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɤ ɦɢɪɭ, ɧɟɪɚɡɪɵɜɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ, ɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬɢɡɦɨɦ, ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɶɸ ɤ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɣ ɠɢɡɧɢ,
ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɧɪɚɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɢɫɤɚɧɢɹɦ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɦɚɫɫ», ɩɨɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɟ, ɜɭɡɟ ɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɟ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ, ɭɫɥɵɲɚɬɶ ɝɨɥɨɫɚ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɤɨɜ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɨɨɛɳɚ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɧɚɲɟ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɟ.
Ɋɭɫɫɤɚɹ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɤɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɚɦɨɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɥɟɧɢɟɦ, ɫ ɤɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɨɣ ɢ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ. Ɉɧɚ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɜɵɡɨɜ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ: ɨɛɳɟɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɨ, ɛɪɚɬɫɬɜɨ.
ɋɉɂɋɈɄ ɅɂɌȿɊȺɌɍɊɕ
1 ȼɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɉɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧ ɇ.Ⱥ. ɇɚɡɚɪɛɚɟɜɚ ɧɚ XVI ɫɟɫɫɢɢ Ⱥɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɢ
ɧɚɪɨɞɚ Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧɚ // ɋɬɪɚɧɚ ɢ ɦɢɪ. – 2010. – ʋ42.
2 Ƚɚɡɟɬɚ «Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɚɹ Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ». – 4 ɹɧɜɚɪɹ, 1991.
3 ɇɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɚɹ ɝɚɡɟɬɚ. – 21 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ, 1990.
4 Ɋɨɡɚɧɨɜ ȼ.ȼ. Ɉɩɚɜɲɢɟ ɥɢɫɬɶɹ. Ʉɨɪɨɛ ɩɟɪɜɵɣ // Ɋɨɡɚɧɨɜ ȼ.ȼ. Ɍɨɦ 2. ɍɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ. – Ɇ., 1990.
5 Ȼɟɪɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɇ.ə. Ɉ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɢ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ. – Ʌ., 1975.

ɀȺɃ ɋԦɃɅȿɆ ɋɂɇɌȺɄɋɂɋȱɇȱԘ ɁȿɊɌɌȿɅɍȱ
ɀɭɫɭɩɨɜɚ Ɇ.Ɇ.,
ʋ63 ɨɪɬɚ ɦɟɤɬɟɛɿ Ⱥɫɬɚɧɚ Ι., ΘɚɡɚΙɫɬɚɧ
Ԕɚɡɚɧ ɬԧԙɤɟɪɿɫɿɧɟ ɞɟɣɿɧ ɬԛɪɤɿ ɬɿɥɞɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɛɚɪɥɵԑɵɧɵԙ ɞɚ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɫɵ ɠԧɧɞɿ
ɡɟɪɬɬɟɥɦɟɞɿ. ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɤɟɣɛɿɪɟɭɿɧɞɟ ԑɚɧɚ ɛɨɥɦɚɫɚ, ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ԕԝɪɚɦɵɧɚ
ɟɧɟɬɿɧ ɫԧɡɞɟɪ ԕɚɥɚɣ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫɚɞɵ, ԕɚɣ ɫԧɡ ɬɚɛɵ ԕɚɧɞɚɣ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ԕɵɡɦɟɬ ɚɬԕɚɪɚɞɵ, ɫԧɣɥɟɦ
ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿ ɛɿɪ-ɛɿɪɿɦɟɧ ԕɚɥɚɣ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɚɞɵ ɞɟɝɟɧɞɟɪ ɬԥɪɿɡɞɟɫ ɠɟԙɿɥ-ɠɟɥɩɿ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɞɿ ԑɚɧɚ ɫԧɡ
ɟɬɤɟɧɞɟɪ ɛɨɥɦɚɫɚ, ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿԙ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɿɫɿɧ ɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɭ, ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɥɚɪɵɧ ԑɵɥɵɦɢ
ɬԝɪԑɵɞɚ ɬɚɥɞɚɭ ɞɟɝɟɧɞɟɪ ɛɨɥɦɚɞɵ. ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹ ɦɟɧ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɵԕ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɥɚɪɞɚɧ ɚɪɚ ɠɿɝɿ ɚɲɵɥɦɚɣ, ɚɪɚɥɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɵɩ, ɛɿɪɿɧɿԙ ɿɲɿɧɞɟ ɛɿɪɿ ԕɚɪɚɥɵɩ ɨɬɵɪɵɥɞɵ. Ɉɫɵ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɝɟ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ «ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɚɹ ɬɸɪɤɨɥɨɝɢɹ» ɠɭɪɧɚɥɵ ɪɟɞɚɤɰɢɹɥɵԕ ɦɚԕɚɥɚɫɵɧɞɚ «Ⱦɨɪɟɜɨɥɸɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɬɸɪɤɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɥɚ ɥɢɲɶ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɦ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟɦ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɚ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ
ɬɸɪɫɤɢɯ ɹɡɵɤɨɜ, ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ» ɞɟɩ ɠɚɡɞɵ.
ɀɚɥɩɵ ɬԛɪɤɿ ɬɿɥɞɟɪɿ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɫɵɧɵԙ ɤɟԙɟɫ ɞԥɭɿɪɿɧɟ ɞɟɣɿɧɝɿ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɥɭ ɞԥɪɟɠɟɫɿɧɿԙ ԕɚɧɞɚɣ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɞɵԑɵɧ ɛɿɥɞɿɪɟɬɿɧ ɛԝɥ ɫɢɩɚɬɬɵ ɬԛɝɟɥɞɟɣ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɧɿԙ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɥɭ ɠɚɣɵ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ɞɚ ɚɣɬɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. Ʉɟԙɟɫɬɿɤ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɫ ɨɪɧɚԑɚɧԑɚ ɞɟɣɿɧ ɠɚɪɵԕ ɤԧɪɝɟɧ 7-8 ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɨԕɭɥɵԕɬɵԙ ɬɟɤ ɟɤɟɭɿɧɞɟ ԑɚɧɚ (Ɇɟɥɢɨɪɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɦɟɧ Ʉɚɬɚɪɢɧɫɤɢɣɞɟ) ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ
ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɞɚɧ ɝԧɪɿ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɵԕ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɥɚɪɞɚɧ ɤԧɛɿɪɟɤ ɫԧɡ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧɵ ɠɨԑɚɪɵɞɚ ɚɣɬɵɥԑɚɧ /2/.
ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɟɞԥɭɿɪ ɤԧɥɟɦɞɟ ԕɚɦɬɵɥԑɚɧ ɬԛɪɿ 20-ɠɵɥɞɚɪ ɿɲɿɧɞɟ ɠɚɡɵɥԑɚɧ
ɨԕɭɥɵԕɬɚɪɞɚ ɤɟɡɞɟɫɟɞɿ. Ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ ɛɿɥɿɦɿɧɿԙ ɛɚɫԕɚ ɞɚ ɫɚɥɚɥɚɪɵ ɫɢɹԕɬɵ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɤɟ ԕɚɬɵɫɬɵ
ɚɥԑɚɲԕɵ ɩɿɤɿɪɥɟɪɞɿ ɞɟ, ɨɧɵԙ ԑɵɥɵɦɢ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɞɟɪɿɧ ɞɟ Ⱥ. Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧɨɜɬɵԙ «Ɍɿɥ ԕԝɪɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɚɧ» ɤɟɡɞɟɫɬɿɪɟɦɿɡ. «Ԛɲ ɠɵɥɞɵԕ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ԕɨɫɵɦɲɚ ɚɧɵԕɬɚԑɵɲɵ ɛɚɪ ɨɫɵ ɨԕɭɥɵԑɵɧɞɚ Ⱥɯɦɟɬ
Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧԝɥɵ ɫԧɣɥɟɭ ɦɟɧ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ, ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦɟɧ ɫԧɡ, ԕɚɡɿɪɞɟ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɩ ɠԛɪɝɟɧ ɬԝɪɥɚɭɥɵ, ɬԝɪɥɚɭɫɵɡ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪ, ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɬԛɪɥɟɪɿ, ԥɪ ɦԛɲɟɧɿԙ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵɥɵԕ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɪɿ ɦɟɧ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫɭ

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ɬԥɪɬɿɛɿ, ԕɚɣ ɫԧɡ ɬɚɩɬɚɪɵɧɚɧ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧɞɵԑɵɧ ɛɚɹɧɞɚԑɚɧ. ɀɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɞɟɪɞɿ ԧɡ ɿɲɿɧɟɧ ɬɨɥɵɦɞɵ,
ɬɨɥɵɦɫɵɡ, ɛɨɥɵɦɞɵ, ɛɨɥɵɦɫɵɡ, ɯɚɛɚɪɥɵ, ɥɟɩɬɿ, ɫԝɪɚɭɥɵ, ɬɿɥɟɤɬɿ, ɛԝɣɪɵԕɬɵ ɞɟɩ ɛԧɥɝɟɧ.
Ⱥ. Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧԝɥɵ 1925 ɠɵɥɵ Ԕɵɡɵɥɨɪɞɚ ԕɚɥɚɫɵɧɞɚ ɛɚɫɵɥɵɩ ɲɵԕԕɚɧ «Ɍɿɥ - ԕԝɪɚɥ»
ɚɬɬɵ ɟԙɛɟɝɿɧɿԙ ԧɡɿɧɞɟ « Ɍɿɥ – ɚɞɚɦɧɵԙ ɚɞɚɦɞɵԕ ɛɟɥɝɿɫɿɧɿԙ ɡɨɪɵ, ɠԝɦɫɚɣɬɵɧ ԕɚɪɭɵɧɵԙ ɛɿɪɿ»
ɞɟɫɟ, ɨɧɞɚ ԑɚɥɵɦ ɬɿɥɝɟ ɞԝɪɵɫ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɦɚ ɛɟɪɝɟɧ ɞɟɣ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥɵɩ ɠԛɪɝɟɧ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ
ԕɚԑɢɞɚɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɚɥԑɚɲԕɵ ɚɜɬɨɪɥɚɪɵɧɵԙ ԝɫɬɚɡɵ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɵɧ ɛɚɣԕɚɬɚɞɵ /3/. Ɉɫɵ ɨɪɚɣɞɚ Ⱥ.
Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧԝɥɵ: «ɋԧɣɥɟɦ ɞɟɝɟɧɿɦɿɡ – ɫԧɡɞɟɪɞɿԙ ɛɚɫɵɧ ԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɩ ɛɿɪɟɭ ɚɣɬԕɚɧ ɨɣ. ɋԧɣɥɟɝɟɧɞɟ ɠɚɡԑɚɧɞɚ ɤɿɦ ɞɟ ɛɨɥɫɚ ɨɣɵɧ ɚɣɬɚɞɵ. Ɉɣɵɧ ɚɣɬɭԑɚ ɬɢɿɫɬɿ ɫԧɡɞɟɪɞɿ ɚɥɚɞɵ ɞɚ, ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɫɵɧ
ԕԝɪɚɩ, ɛɿɪɿɧɟ-ɛɿɪɿɧɿԙ ԕɵɪɵɧ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɿɩ, ԕɢɸɥɚɫɬɵɪɚɞɵ. Ԕɵɪɵ ɤɟɥɟɬɿɧ ɫԧɡɞɟɪ, ɬԝɪԑɚɧ ɤԛɣɿɧɞɟ
ɚɥɫɚ ɞɚ, ԕɢɵɧɞɚɫɚ ԕɚɥɚɞɵ. Ԕɵɪɵ ɤɟɥɦɟɣɬɿɧ ɫԧɡɞɟɪɞɿ ԕɢɵɧɞɚɫɬɵɪɭ ԛɲɿɧ ԕɵɪɥɚɪɵɧ ԧɡɝɟɪɬɿɩ
ԕɢɸɵɧ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɟɦɿɡ», – ɞɟɣɞɿ /4/. Ʉɟɥɬɿɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɞɟɪɟɤɤɟ ɡɟɪ ɫɚɥɫɚԕ, ԑɚɥɵɦ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɧɿԙ ɬɚɛɢԑɚɬɵɧɚ
ԛԙɿɥɟ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ɨɧɵԙ ԕԝɪɚɦɵɧ ɞɚ ɬɚɥɞɚԑɚɧɵ ɤԧɪɿɧɿɩ ɬԝɪ.
Ⱥ. Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧԝɥɵ ԧɡ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɿɧɞɟ ɤԛɧɿ ɛԛɝɿɧɝɟ ɞɟɣɿɧ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥɵɩ ɤɟɥɟ ɠɚɬԕɚɧ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɞɟɪɞɿ ɟɧɝɿɡɞɿ. ɋɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ԕɚɬɚɪɵɧɚ «ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿ», «ɛɚɫɬɚɭɵɲ», «ɛɚɹɧɞɚɭɵɲ», «ɚɧɵԕɬɚɭɵɲ», «ɬɨɥɵԕɬɚɭɵɲ», «ɩɵɫɵԕɬɚɭɵɲ», «ɛɨɥɵɦɞɵ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ», «ɛɨɥɵɦɫɵɡ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ», «ɬɨɥɵɦɞɵ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ», «ɬɨɥɵɦɫɵɡ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ», «ɠɚɥɚԙ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ», «ɠɚɣɵɥɦɚ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ», «ɫԝɪɚɭɥɵ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ», «ɥɟɩɬɿ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ», «ɠɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ», ɬ.ɛ. ɤԧɩɬɟɝɟɧ ɚɬɚɭɥɚɪ ɠɚɬɚɞɵ. Ȼԝɥɚɪɞɵԙ ԕɚɡɚԕ
ɬɿɥɿ ɬɚɛɢԑɚɬɵɧɚ ԛɣɥɟɫɿɦɞɿ ɟɤɟɧɿɧ ɦɨɣɵɧɞɚɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ.
Ԑɵɥɵɦ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɫɿɧ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɣ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ɨɵɧɵԙ ɬɚɛɢԑɚɬɵɧ ɞԝɪɵɫ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɿɩ, ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɦɵɡɞɵ ɠɟɬɟ ɛɿɥɭɝɟ ɠɨɥ ɫɚɥɞɵ.
Ⱥ. Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧԝɥɵ ɠɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɞɿ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ԑɵɥɵɦɢ ɬԝɪԑɵɞɚ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɭ ԛɫɬɿɧɞɟ ɞԝɪɵɫ
ɬɨԕɬɚɦ ɠɚɫɚɣɞɵ. «ɋԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿ ɬԝɪɥɚɥɵ, ɬԝɪɥɚɭɫɵɡ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɟɤɿɝɟ ɛԧɥɿɧɟɞɿ», – ɞɟɣɞɿ ɞɟ,
ɫɨɥ ɩɿɤɿɪɿɧ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɭ ԛɲɿɧ ɫɟɧɿɦɞɿ ɞɟ ɧɚɧɵɦɞɵ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɪ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɟɞɿ. Ԑɚɥɵɦɧɵԙ ɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɞɟ ԕɚɥɦɚɣ ɚɣɬɵɥɚɬɵɧ ɫԧɡɞɟɪ ɧɟɦɟɫɟ ԕɚɥɫɚ ɞɚ ԕɚɥԑɚɧɞɵԑɵ ɫɟɡɿɥɿɩ ɬԝɪɚɬɵɧ ɫԧɡɞɟɪ ɬԝɪɥɚɭɥɵ ɦԛɲɟ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ ɞɚ, «ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɿɲɿɧɞɟ ɛɿɪɞɟ ɛɨɥɵɩ, ɛɿɪɞɟ ɛɨɥɦɚɣɬɵɧ ɫԧɡɞɟɪ ɧɟɦɟɫɟ ɤɟɪɟɤ
ɛɨɥԑɚɧ ɠɟɪɞɟ ɚɣɬɵɥɵɩ, ɤɟɪɟɤ ɛɨɥɦɚԑɚɧ ɨɪɵɧɞɚ ɚɣɬɵɥɦɚɣ ԕɚɥɵɩ ɬԝɪԑɚɧ ɫԧɡɞɟɪ, ɬԛɫɿɩ ԕɚɥԑɚɧɞɚ, ԕɚɥԑɚɧɞɵԑɵ ɚɲɵԕ ɫɟɡɿɥɦɟɣɬɿɧ ɫԧɡɞɟɪ ɬԝɪɥɚɭɫɵɡ ɦԛɲɟ ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɥɚɞɵ». Ɉɫɵ ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦ ɤԛɧɿ
ɛԛɝɿɧɝɟ ɞɟɣɿɧ ԧɡɿɧɿԙ ɦԥɧɿɧ ɠɨɣԑɚɧ ɠɨԕ. Ȼԝɞɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧɝɿ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɲɿɥɟɪ ɞɟ Ⱥ. Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧԝɥɵɧɵԙ
ɟɪɟɠɟɥɟɪɿɧɟ ɫԛɣɿɧɿɩ ɤɟɥɟɞɿ. Ȼԝɧɵԙ ԧɡɿ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥ ɛɿɥɿɦɿ ԑɚɥɵɦ-ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɲɿ ɛɚɫɬɚԑɚɧ ɞԥɫɬԛɪɥɿ ɬɨɥɵԕɬɚɣ ɠɚɥԑɚɫɬɵɪɵɩ ɤɟɥɟ ɠɚɬԕɚɧɵɧ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɟɞɿ.
Ԝɥɵ ɬɿɥɲɿ-ԑɚɥɵɦɧɵԙ ɟԙɛɟɤɬɟɪɿ ɠɚɫɵɪɵɧ ԝɫɬɚɥԑɚɧɵɦɟɧ, ɨɧɵԙ ɿɡɛɚɫɚɪɥɚɪɵ ɫɨɥ ɚɬɚɭɥɚɪɞɵ ɫɚԕɬɚɣ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ɤɟɣɛɿɪ ԧɡɝɟɪɿɫɬɟɪɿɦɟɧ ɤɟɥɟɫɿ ԝɪɩɚԕԕɚ ɞɚ ɠɟɬɤɿɡɿɩ ɨɬɵɪ. Ɇԝɧɵԙ ԧɡɿ ɬɿɥɿɦɿɡɞɿԙ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɫɵ ɛɟɪɿɤ, ԧɡ ԕɨɥɞɚɭɲɵɫɵɧɵԙ ɚԕɵɥ-ɨɣɵɧɵԙ ɫɵԑɵɧɞɵɫɵ, ԝɡɚԕ ɦɟɡɝɿɥɝɟ ɫɚԕɬɚɥɚɬɵɧ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵɫɵ ɟɤɟɧɿɧ,ɟɤɟɧɿɧ, ɛɚɹɭ ԧɡɝɟɪɟɬɿɧ ɡɚԙɞɵɥɵԕɬɚɪ ɠɢɵɧɬɵԑɵ ɟɤɟɧɿɧ
ɛɚɣԕɚɬɚɞɵ.
Ȼɿɡɞɿԙ ɛɚɣԕɚɭɵɦɵɡɲɚ, Ⱥɯɦɟɬ Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧԝɥɵ, ԥɫɿɪɟɫɟ, ɠɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɧ ԛɥɤɟɧ
ɛɿɥɝɿɪɥɿɤɩɟɧ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɝɟɧ ɠɚɧ. Ɉԑɚɧ ɞԥɥɟɥ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿɧɟ ɛɟɪɝɟɧ ɬɚɥɞɚɭɥɚɪɵ ɦɟɧ ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɪɵɧɚɧ ɤɿɧԥɪɚɬ ɬɚɛɭ ԕɢɵɧ. Ɇԥɫɟɥɟɧ, ɛɚɫɬɚɭɵɲ ɩɟɧ ɛɚɹɧɞɚɭɵɲɬɵԙ, ԧɡɝɟ ɬԝɪɥɚɭɫɵɡ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɞɿԙ ɠɚɫɚɥɭ ɠɨɥɞɚɪɵ ɠԧɧɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɪɿɧ ɫɟɧɿɦɞɿ ɞɟ ɠԛɣɟɥɿ ɛɚɹɧɞɚɣɞɵ. Ɍɿɩɬɿ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿԙ ɨɫɵ ɫɚɥɚɫɵ ԧɡɿɧɟɧ ɤɟɣɿɧɝɿ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɥɟɪɞɟɧ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɥɿɤ ɠɚԑɵɧɚɧ ɤԧɲ ɿɥɝɟɪɿ ɠɚɬɵɪ ɞɟɩ ɚɣɬɚ
ɚɥɚɦɵɡ. Ɇԥɫɟɥɟɧ, «Ɍɨɥɵԕɬɚɭɵɲ ɞɟɩ ɧԥɪɫɟ ɚɦɚɥɵɧ, ɠɚɣɵɧ, ɛɨɥɦɵɫɵɧ ɬɨɥɵԕɬɵɪɭ ԛɲɿɧ ɚɣɬɵɥɚɬɵɧ ɫԧɡɞɿ ɚɣɬɚɦɵɡ, ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɿɲɿɧɞɟ ɧԥɪɫɟɧɿԙ ɚɦɚɥɵɧ, ɠɚɣɵɧ, ɛɨɥɦɵɫɵɧ ɚɣɬɚɬɵɧ ɫԧɡ ɤԧɛɿɧɟ
ɛɚɹɧɞɚɭɵɲ. ɋɨɥɚɣ ɛɨɥԑɚɧ ɫɨԙ, ɬɨɥɵԕɬɚɭɵɲ ɤԧɛɿɧɟɫɟ ɛɚɹɧɞɚɭɵɲɬɵ ɬɨɥɵԕɬɚɭɵ ԛɲɿɧ ɚɣɬɵɥɚɬɵɧ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɫɿ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɲɵԑɚɞɵ».
Ɇɵɫɚɥ ԛɲɿɧ «Ɇɟɪɝɟɧ ԕԝɫ ɚɬɬɵ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɞɿ ɚɥɚɣɵԕ. Ʉɿɦ ɚɬɬɵ? – ɦɟɪɝɟɧ. Ɇɟɪɝɟɧ
ɧɟ ԕɵɥɞɵ? – ɚɬɬɵ. ɇɟ ɚɬɬɵ? – ԕԝɫ. Ɇԝɧɞɚ «ɦɟɪɝɟɧ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɫԧɡ ɛɚɫɬɚɭɵɲɵ, «ɚɬɬɵ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɫԧɡ
ɛɚɹɧɞɚɭɵɲ. «Ԕԝɫ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɫԧɡ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɦɚԕɲɵ? Ɇԝɧɫɵɡ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɛɿɥɭ ԛɲɿɧ «ԕԝɫ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɫԧɡ
ɧɟɝɟ ɚɣɬɵɥɵɩ ɬԝɪԑɚɧɵɧ ɚɲɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ, ɬɟɝɿɧɞɟ ɧɟɦɟɧɟɝɟ ɤɟɪɟɤ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɵɧ ɚɣɬɵɥɵɩ ɬԝɪԑɚɧɵɧ
ɚɣɬɵɥɵɩ ɬԝɪԑɚɧɵɧ ɛɿɥɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ. Ɉɧɵ ɛɿɥɭ ԛɲɿɧ «ԕԝɫ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɫԧɡɞɿ ɬɚɫɬɚɩ, ɬɿɩɬɿ ɚɣɬɩɚɣ ԕɨɹ ɬԝɪɵɩ ԕɚɪɚɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ. Ⱥɣɬɩɚԑɚɧɞɚ ɤɟɥɟɬɿɧ ɤɟɦɲɿɥɿɤ ɛɚɪ ɦɚ ɟɤɟɧ? Ɉɥ ԕɚɧɞɚɣ ɟɤɟɧ? «Ԕԝɫ» ɞɟɝɟɧɞɿ
ԕɚɥɞɵɪɵɩ «ɦɟɪɝɟɧ ɚɬɬɵ» ɞɟɩ ԕɚɧɚ ԕɨɣԑɚɧɞɚ, ɦɟɪɝɟɧ ɚɬԕɚɧɵɧ ɛɿɥɟɦɿɡ, ɧɟɧɿ ɚɬԕɚɧɵɧ ɛɿɥɦɟɣ269

ɦɿɡ. ȿɤɿɧɲɿ ɫԧɡɛɟɧ ɚɬԕɚɧɞɚ, ɦɟɪɝɟɧɧɿԙ ɚɦɚɥɵɧ ԑɚɧɚ ɛɿɥɟɦɿɡ, ɨɥ ɚɦɚɥɵɧ ɧɟɝɟ ɠԝɦɫɚԑɚɧɵɧ ɛɿɥɦɟɣɦɿɡ. «Ⱥɬɬɵ» ɞɟɝɟɧɞɟ ɧɟɧɿ ɚɬԕɚɧɵ ɛɟɥɝɿɫɿɡ, ɫԧɣɥɟɦɧɿԙ ɠɟɬɩɟɣ ɬԝɪԑɚɧ ɠɟɪɿ ɛɚɪ: ɚɦɚɥ ɧɟɝɟ
ɠԝɦɫɚԑɚɧɵɧ ɚɣɬɩɚɣ ɬԝɪ, ɫԧɣɥɟɦɞɟ ɤɟɦɿɫɬɿɤ ɛɚɪ. ɋɨɥ ɤɟɦɿɫɬɿɤɬɿ ɬɨɥɬɵɪɚɬɵɧ ɫԧɡ – «ԕԝɫ», «ԕԝɫ
ɚɬɬɵ» ɞɟɝɟɧɞɟ ɦɟɪɝɟɧ ɚɦɚɥɵɧ ɧɟɝɟ ɠԝɦɫɚɥԑɚɧɵ ɦɚԑɥԝɦ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. «Ԕԝɫ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɫԧɡɞɿԙ ɠɨԕɬɵԑɵɧɚɧ «ɚɬɬɵ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɫԧɡɞɟ ɤɟɥɿɩ ɬԝɪԑɚɧ ɤɟɦɲɿɥɿɤ ɠɨԑɚɥɚɞɵ».
Ȼɚɣԕɚɩ ԕɚɪɚɫɚԙɵɡ, ɫԧɣɥɟɦɧɿԙ ɬɨɥɵԕɬɚɭɵɲ ɦԛɲɟɫɿɧ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɭɞɟ ԑɚɥɵɦ ɲɟɛɟɪɥɿɤɩɟɧ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɪ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɿɩ, ɨԕɭɲɵɫɵɧɵԙ ɤԧɡɿɧ ɠɟɬɤɿɡɟɞɿ. ɀɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɠɚɫɚɥɭ ɠɨɥɞɚɪɵɧ ɞɚ
ɞԝɪɵɫ ɛɚԑɞɚɪɥɚԑɚɧ. Ɍɿɩɬɿ ɤɟɣɛɿɪ ɪɟɬɬɟɪɞɟ ԕɚɡɿɪ ɧɚɡɚɪɞɚɧ ɬɵɫ ԕɚɥɵɩ ɠԛɪɝɟɧ ɟɪɟɤɲɟɥɿɤɬɟɪɞɿ
Ⱥɯɦɟɬ Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧԝɥɵ ɫɨɥ ɤɟɡɞɟ-ɚԕ ɛɚɣԕɚԑɚɧɵɧ ɚɣɬɩɚɫԕɚ ɛɨɥɦɚɣɞɵ.
ɋԧɣɥɟɦɞɟɪ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫɚ ɚɥɚɬɵɧ ɚɛɫɬɪɚɤɬɿɥɿ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ-ɫɯɟɦɚ. Ȼԝɥ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ
ɟɪɤɿɧ ԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɚɬɵɧ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ, ɥɟɤɫɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɦɚԑɵɧɚɥɵԕ ɠɚԑɵɧɚɧ ɟɪɤɿɧ ɬɨɥɵԕɬɵɪɵɥɚɞɵ ɞɚ, ɛԝɥ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɬɿ ɮɪɚɡɚɥɚɪ ɧɚԕɬɵ ɤɨɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɬɿɤ ɠɚԑɞɚɣ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɬɟɪɝɟ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥɚɞɵ.
ɋԧɣɥɟɦɞɟɪɞɿ ɿɲɤɿ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɫɵ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭ ɨɫɵ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɭɞɚɧ ɲɵԑɚɞɵ.
Ԥɭɟɥɿ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹɧɵԙ ɬԝɪɥɚɭɥɵ-ɬԝɪɥɚɭɫɵɡɞɵԕ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɝɟ ԕɚɬɵɫɬɵ ɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɥɚɞɵ. ȿɝɟɪ
ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɫɵɧɞɚ ɛԝɥ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹɥɚɪ ԛɧɟɦɿ ԕɚɬɵɫɵɩ ɬԝɪɭɵ ɤɟɪɟɤ ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɥɚɪɫɵɡ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ
ɛɨɥɦɚɣɬɵɧ ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɛԝɥ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵ ɬԝɪɥɚɭɥɵ ɞɟɩ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɣɞɵ. ȿɝɟɪ ɛԝɥ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹɥɚɪɫɵɡ ɞɚ
ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ԕԝɪɚɥɚɬɵɧ ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɬԝɪɥɚɭɫɵɡ ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɣɞɵ. ɋԧɣɥɟɦ ɬɟɤ ԕɚɧɚ ɬԝɪɥɚɭɥɵ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹɥɚɪ ԕԝɪɚɥԑɚɧ ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɵ ɠɚɥɚԙ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ, ɬԝɪɥɚɭɫɵɡ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹɥɚɪ ɞɚ ԕɚɬɵɫɵɩ ɬԝɪɫɚ, ɨɧɵ ɠɚɣɵɥɦɚ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɣɞɵ
ɀɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɧ ɠɚɡԑɚɧɞɚ Ⱥɯɦɟɬ Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧԝɥɵ ԕɨɥɦɚ-ԕɨɥ ɟɪɟɠɟ ԝɫɵɧɭɞɚɧ
ɝԧɪɿ ɫɨɥ ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦԑɚ ԥɤɟɥɝɟɧɞɟɣ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɪɞɿ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɭɝɟ ԥɭɟɫɬɿɤ ɬɚɧɵɬɚɞɵ.
30-ɠɵɥɞɚɪ ɿɲɿɧɞɟ ɛɚɫɬɚɭɵɲ ɤɥɚɫɬɚɪԑɚ ɚɪɧɚɥԑɚɧ 3 ɠɵɥɞɵԕ (ɚɜɬɨɪɵ – Ɍ. ɒɨɧɚɧɨɜ), 4
ɠɵɥɞɵԕ (ɋ. Ⱥɦɚɧɠɨɥɨɜ ɛɚɫԕɚɪԑɚɧ) ɚɬɬɵ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɨԕɭɥɵԕɬɚɪ, ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿɧɟ
ɚɪɧɚɥԑɚɧ 20-ɞɚɣ ɦɚԕɚɥɚ ɛɿɪ ɠɢɧɚԕ, ɨɬɵɡɵɧɲɵ ɠɵɥɞɵԙ ɟɤɿɧɲɿ ɠɚɪɬɵɫɵɧɞɚ ɨɪɬɚ ɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɟɪɝɟ
ɚɪɧɚɥԑɚɧ ɟɤɿ ɨԕɭɥɵԕ ɲɵԑɚɪɵɥɞɵ.
«Ⱥɭɵɥ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɿ», «ɏɚɥɵԕ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɿ» ɠɭɪɧɚɥɞɚɪɵ ɛɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɞɟ ɠɚɪɢɹɥɚɧԑɚɧ ɦɚԕɚɥɚɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɫɵɦ ɤԧɩɲɿɥɿɝɿ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿɧ ɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɣ ɬԛɫɭɝɟ ɚɪɧɚɥɞɵ. Ȼԝɥ ɦɚԕɚɥɚɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɬɟԙ
ɠɚɪɬɵɫɵɧɚ ɠɭԑɵԑɵɧ ɠɚɡԑɚɧ ɚɜɬɨɪɥɚɪ- ɏ. Ȼɚɫɵɦɨɜ ɩɟɧ ɋ. ɀɢɟɧɛɚɟɜ, ɋ. Ⱥɦɚɧɠɨɥɨɜ. Ȼԝɥ
ɟԙɛɟɤɬɟɪɞɿԙ ԕɚɣ-ԕɚɣɫɵɫɵ ɛɨɥɫɚ ɞɚ ɛԝɪɵɧɚɧ ɛɚɪɞɵ ɤɟԙɿɪɟɤ ɬɚɥɞɚɩ, ɬɟɪɟԙɿɪɟɤ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɭɞɟɧ,
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɿɧɟɧ ɲɵԑɚ ɚɥɦɚɞɵ. Ɉɥ ɞԥɭɿɪ ԛɲɿɧ, ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ ɛɿɥɿɦɿɧɿԙ ԥɥɿ
ɛɭɵɧɵ ɛɟɤɢ ԕɨɣɦɚԑɚɧ ɛɚɥɚԙ ɲɚԑɵ ԛɲɿɧ, ɨɫɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ ԧɡɿ ɞɟ ԛɥɤɟɧ ɿɫ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ.
Ɇɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɹԑɚ ԕɚɪɚԑɚɧɞɚ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ԝɫɚԕ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɥɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɫɚɧɵ ɠɚԑɵɧɚɧ ɞɚ, ɠɿɤɬɟɭ
ɬԛɪɥɟɪɿ ɠɚԑɵɧɚɧ ɞɚ ԥɥɞɟԕɚɣɞɚ ɵԕɲɚɦɞɵ, ɠɢɧɚԕɵ. ɋɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ ɞɚ ɛɨɥɚɪ ɦԝɧɞɚ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɵԕ, ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹɥɵԕ ɚɥɚ-ԕԝɥɚɥɵԕɬɚɪ ɤɟɡɞɟɫɟ ɛɟɪɦɟɣɞɿ. Ȼԝɥ ɫɚɥɚɞɚԑɵ ɩɿɤɿɪɥɟɪɬɚɥɚɫɵ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɞɿ ɦԛɲɟɝɟ ɠɿɤɬɟɭɞɟ, ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿɧ ɬԛɪɝɟ ɛԧɥɭɞɟ ɤɟɡɞɟɫɟɞɿ.Ɉɧɞɚɣ ԕɚɣɲɵɥɵԕɬɚɪ 30ɠɵɥɞɚɪ ɿɲɿɧɞɟ ɠɚɪɵԕ ɤԧɪɝɟɧ ɨԕɭɥɵԕɬɚɪɞɚ ɞɚ, ԑɵɥɵɦɢ ɦɚԕɚɥɚɥɚɪɞɚ ɞɚ ɤɟɡɞɟɫɿɩ ɨɬɵɪɚɞɵ.
Ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɧɟ ɟɥɟɭɥɿ ɟԙɛɟɤ ɫɿԙɿɪɝɟɧ ԑɚɥɵɦ ɋ. ɀɢɟɧɛɚɟɜ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ. Ɉɧɵԙ ɠɚɣ
ɠԥɧɟ ԕԝɪɦɚɥɚɫ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿɧɟ ɚɪɧɚɥԑɚɧ ԕԝɧɞɵ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɥɟɪɿɧɿԙ ԕɚɬɚɪɵɧɞɚ ɫԧɡ ɬɿɪɤɟɿ ɛԧɥɟɤ ɬɚɥɞɚɧɛɚɣɞɵ. Ȼɿɪɚԕ «ԛɣɿɪɥɿ ɦԛɲɟ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɚɬɩɟɧ ԕɚɣ ɫԧɡɞɿԙ ԕɚɧɞɚɣ ɫԧɡɞɟɪɦɟɧ ɬɨɩ ԕԝɪɚɣ
ɚɥɚɬɵɧɵ ɠԧɧɿɧɞɟ ɚɣɬԕɚɧɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɫԧɡɞɟɪɬɿԙ ɬɨɥɵԕɬɚɭɵɲ, ɩɵɫɵԕɬɚɭɵɲ ԕɵɡɦɟɬɬɟɪɿɧ ɚɣɵɪɭ
ɠԧɧɿɧɞɟ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɟɫɿɦɞɿ, ɟɬɿɫɬɿɤɬɿ ɫԧɡ ɬɿɪɤɟɫɬɟɪɿɧɟ ԕɚɬɵɫɵ ɛɚɪ. ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɤɟ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ
ɠɚɡɵɥԑɚɧ ɦɚԕɚɥɚɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɚɥԑɚɲԕɵɫɵ, ɧɟɝɿɡɿɧɞɟ, ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿɧ ɬɚɥɞɚɭԑɚ ɚɪɧɚɥɞɵ ɞɟɞɿɤ.
Ɉɧɞɚɣ ɦɚԕɚɥɚɥɚɪ 30-ɠɵɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɨɪɬɚ ɬԝɫɵɧɚɧ ɛɚɫɬɚɩ ɤԧɪɿɧɟ ɛɚɫɬɚɞɵ. «Ⱥɭɵɥ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɿ» ɠɭɪɧɚɥɵɧɵԙ 1935 ɠɵɥԑɵ 7-ɫɚɧɵɧɞɚ ɋ. ɀɢɟɧɛɚɟɜɬɵԙ «ɋԧɣɥɟɦɧɿԙ ԛɣɿɪɥɿ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɦɚԕɚɥɚɫɵ ɠɚɪɢɹɥɚɧɞɵ. Ⱥɜɬɨɪ ԛɣɿɪɥɿ ɦԛɲɟɧɿ ɬɚɧɵɬɚɬɵɧ ԛɲ ɬԛɪɥɿ ɛɟɥɝɿ ɛɚɪ ɞɟɣɞɿ ɞɟ, ɨɥɚɪԑɚ ɚ) ԛɣɿɪɥɿ ɦԛɲɟ ɬɨɛɵɦɟɧ ɠԛɪɟɞɿ, ɛɿɪɿɧɟɧ-ɛɿɪɿ ɚɣɵɪɵɥɦɚɣɞɵ, ԥ) ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɹɥɵԕ ɠɚԕɬɚɧ ɠɚɣ
ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪ ɫɢɹԕɬɵ, ɛ)ԧɡɿɧɞɿɤ ɩɚɭɡɚɫɵ ɠɨԕ ɞɟɝɟɧɞɟɪɞɿ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɟɞɿ. Ɉɫɵ ɦɚԕɚɥɚ ɛɿɪɥɿ-ɟɤɿɥɿ ԕɨɫɩɚɥɚɪɵɦɟɧ 1936 ɠɵɥɵ «Ɍɪɭɞɚ ɤɚɡɚɯɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ» ɞɟɣɬɿɧ ɠɢɧɚԕɬɚ
ԕɚɣɬɚ ɠɚɪɢɹɥɚɧɞɵ. Ԛɣɿɪɥɿ ɦԛɲɟɝɟ ɛɟɪɝɟɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɦɚɫɵɧ, ɤɟɥɬɿɪɝɟɧ ɦɵɫɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɚ ԕɚɪɚԑɚɧɞɚ,
ɚɜɬɨɪ ɤԛɪɞɟɥɿ ɦԛɲɟ ɦɟɧ ԛɣɿɪɥɿ ɦԛɲɟɧɿ ɛɿɪ-ɛɿɪɿɧɟɧ ɛԧɥɦɟɣɞɿ, ɟɤɟɭɿɧ ɞɟ ԛɣɿɪɥɿ ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɣɞɵ.

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Ɇɟɤɬɟɩ ɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɫɿɧɟɧ ԝɥԑɚɣԑɚɧ ɨɣ-ɩɿɤɿɪɥɟɪ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ ɋ. Ⱥɦɚɧɠɨɥɨɜɬɵ ɞɚ «Ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ
ԑɵɥɵɦɢ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɧɿԙ ԕɵɫԕɚɲɚ ɤɭɪɫɵɧ» ɠɚɡɭԑɚ ɢɬɟɪɦɟɥɟɞɿ. Ȼԝɥ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɬɟɪ ԛɲɿɧ ɠɚɡɵɥԑɚɧ
ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɨԕɭ ԕԝɪɚɥɵ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ ɠԥɧɟ ɚɜɬɨɪɞɵԙ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿɧ ԑɵɥɵɦɢ ɬԝɪԑɵɞɚɧ
ɛɚɹɧɞɚɭ ɦɚԕɫɚɬɵɧ ɤԧɡɞɟɝɟɧɞɿɤɬɟɧ, ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟ ɮɢɥɨɥɨɝ-ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿԙ ԕɚɠɟɬɿɧɟ ɠɚɪɚɬɵԕ. Ȼɿɪɚԕ
ɚɜɬɨɪ ɨɥ ɤɿɬɚɩɬɚ ɫɨɥ ɤɟɡɞɟɝɿ «ɠɚԙɚ ɿɥɿɦ» ԕɚԑɢɞɚɥɚɪɵɧ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɦɟɧ ԝɲɬɚɫɬɵɪɦɚԕ
ɛɨɥɞɵ. ɋԧɣɬɟɦɿɧ ɞɟɩ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿԙ ɛɿɪɚɡ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿɧ ɬɟɪɿɫ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɞɿ. ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ ԕɚɬɚɪ ɫɨɥ
ɤɿɬɚɩɬɚ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɚ ɫԛɣɟɧɿɩ ɚɣɬɵɥԑɚɧ, ɞԝɪɵɫ ԕɨɪɵɬԕɚɧ ɞɚ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪ ɛɚɪ.
Ɉɥɚɪɞɵ ɫɨԙԑɵ ɠɵɥɞɚɪɵ ɛɚɫԕɚ ɚɜɬɨɪɥɚɪɦɟɧ ɛɿɪɥɟɫɿɩ ɠɚɡԑɚɧ ɨɪɬɚ ɦɟɤɬɟɩ ɨԕɭɥɵԑɵɧɚɧ ɬɢɿɫɬɿ
ɨɪɵɧ ɚɥɞɵ. 1953 ɠɵɥɵ ɲɵԕԕɚɧ ɨɪɬɚ ɦɟɤɬɟɩ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɧɞɟ ɚɜɬɨɪɥɚɪ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɝɟ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɦɚ
ɛɟɪɝɟɧ.
Ⱥɬɚɥԑɚɧ ɠɢɧɚԕɬɚ ɋ. Ⱥɦɚɧɠɨɥɨɜɬɵԙ «ɋԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿɧ ɬɚɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿ» ɞɟɝɟɧ
ɦɚԕɚɥɚɫɵ ɠɚɪɢɹɥɚɧɞɵ. Ɇɚԕɚɥɚɞɚ ɚɜɬɨɪ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɞɿ ɦԛɲɟɝɟ ɬɚɥɞɚɭɞɚԑɵ ɥɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕ, ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɵԕ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɪɞɵ ɇ. Ɇɚɪɪ ɿɥɿɦɿ ɬԝɪԑɵɫɵɧɚɧ ɫɵɧɚɣɞɵ. Ȼɿɪɚԕ ɚɜɬɨɪɞɵԙ ɫɵɧɵ ɨԑɚɲɬɚɭ ɛɨɥɵɩ
ɲɵԕԕɚɧ.
ɋԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɥɟɪɿɧ ɬɚɥɞɚɭԑɚ ɚɪɧɚɥԑɚɧ ɏ. Ȼɚɫɵɦɨɜ ɦɚԕɚɥɚɥɚɪɵ ɞɚ 30-ɠɵɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɚɹԕ
ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟ «Ⱥɭɵɥ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɿ», «ɏɚɥɵԕ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɿ» ɠɭɪɧɚɥɞɚɪɵ ɛɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɞɟ ɠɚɪɢɹɥɚɧɚɞɵ. ɉɿɤɿɪ ԕɚɣɲɵɥɵԕɬɚɪɵɧɚɧ ɛԝɥɚɪ ɞɚ ԕԝɪɚɥɚԕɚɧ ɟɦɟɫ.
Ɉɪɬɚ ɦɟɤɬɟɩɤɟ ɚɪɧɚɥԑɚɧ ɨԕɭɥɵԕ 1936 ɠɵɥɵ ɲɵԑɚɪɵɥɞɵ, ɨԕɭɥɵԕ ɚɜɬɨɪɵ Ԕ. ɀԝɛɚɧɨɜ
ɠɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɞɟɪɞɿ ɦɚԑɵɧɚɫɵɧɚ ԕɚɪɚɣ ɠԥɧɟ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɫɵɧɚ ԕɚɪɚɣ ɠɿɤɬɟɣɞɿ. Ȼԝɥ ɠɿɤɬɟɭɞɿԙ 20ɠɵɥɞɚɪɞɚԑɵɞɚɧ, ɹԑɧɢ Ⱥ. Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧɨɜɬɚɧ ԧɡɝɟɲɟɥɿɝɿ – ɨɧɞɚ «ɬɿɥɟɤɬɿ», «ɛԝɣɪɵԕɬɵ» ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɥԑɚɧ, ɚɥɞɵԙԑɵɞɚ «ɛɨɥɵɦɞɵ, ɛɨɥɵɦɫɵɡ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ» ɞɟɝɟɧɞɟɪ ɫɨԙԑɵɞɚ ɠɨԕ, 20-ɠɵɥɞɚɪɞɚԑɵ ɨԕɭɥɵԕɬɚɪɞɚ ɫԧɡ ɛɨɥɦɚԑɚɧ ɠɚԕɫɵɡ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɫɨԙԑɵ ɚɜɬɨɪ ɠɚɫɚԑɚɧ ɨԕɭ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɫɵɧɞɚ «ɢɟɫɿɡ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɚɬɩɟɧ ɠɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ԕԝɪɚɦɵɧɚ ɟɧɝɿɡɿɥɝɟɧ.
1939 ɠɵɥɵ ɋ. Ⱥɦɚɧɠɨɥɨɜ ɩɟɧ ɇ. ɋɚɭɪɚɧɛɚɟɜ ɚɜɬɨɪɥɵԑɵɦɟɧ ɲɵԑɚɪɵɥԑɚɧ «Ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿɧɿԙ
ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɫɵ» ɚɬɬɵ ɨԕɭɥɵԕɬɚɧ ɛɚɫɬɚɩ ɚɬɚɭɥɵ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ԕɨɫɵɥɞɵ. ɋԧɣɬɿɩ, 30-ɠɵɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ
ɚɹԑɵɧɚ ɞɟɣɿɧ ɠɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɞɟɪɞɿԙ ԕɚɡɿɪɞɟ ɚɬɚɥɵɩ ɠԛɪɝɟɧ ɬԛɪɥɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɛɚɪɥɵԑɵ ɞɚ ɬɟɝɿɫ ԕɚɦɬɵɥɞɵ. ɋɨɧɞɚɣ-ɚԕ, ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿɧɿԙ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɫ ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɪɵ-ɤԛɪɞɟɥɿ , ԛɣɿɪɥɿ, ɛɿɪɵԙԑɚɣ ɦԛɲɟ ɞɟɝɟɧɞɟɪ ɞɟ, ɤɟɣɿɧɞɟ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿԙ ɤԛɪɞɟɥɿ ɛɿɪ ɫɚɥɚɫɵ ɪɟɬɿɧɞɟ ԕɚɪɚɥɵɩ ɠԛɪɝɟɧ ɫԧɡɞɟɪ ɬɿɪɤɟɫɿ
ɠԧɧɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɛɚɫɬɚɦɚ ɩɿɤɿɪɥɟɪ ɞɟ ɨɫɵ ɤɟɡɞɟɪɞɟ ɞԛɧɢɟɝɟɤɟɥɿɩ ԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɚ ɛɚɫɬɚɞɵ. Ɉɫɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ
ɚɪԕɚɫɵɧɞɚ, 40-ɠɵɥɞɚɪɞɚɧ ɛɟɪɿ ԕɚɪɚɣԑɵ ɠԝɦɵɫɬɚɪ ɛԝɪɵɧ ɚɲɵɥɦɚԑɚɧ ɬɵԙ ɛɿɪɞɟɦɟɥɟɪɞɿ ɚɲɭ
ɛɚԑɵɬɵɧɞɚ ɟɦɟɫ, ɠɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɧɿԙ ɛɨɥɫɵɧ, ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿ ɛɨɥɫɵɧ ɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɥɵɩ ɚɲɵɥԑɚɧ ɬԛɪɥɟɪɿɧ ɤɟԙɟɣɬɟ, ɬɟɪɟԙɞɟɬɟ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭ ɛɚԑɵɬɵɧɞɚ ɠԛɪɝɿɡɿɥɞɿ.
Ⱦɟɝɟɧɦɟɧ 30-ɠɵɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɚɹԑɵɧɚ ɞɟɣɿɧɝɿ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɚɪ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɿɧɟɧ ԝɡɚɩ ɤɟɬɟ ɚɥɦɚɞɵ. ȱɫɬɟɥɝɟɧ ɠԝɦɵɫɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɪɥɵԑɵ ɞԥɥɿɪɟɤ ɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɭɞɵ ɤԧɡɞɟɞɿ. Ȼԝɥ ɤԧɥɟɦɧɟɧ ɲɵԑɵɩ, ɬɿɥɞɿɤ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɞɚɪɞɵ ɠɨԑɚɪɵ ɨԕɭ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɪɵɧɞɚ ɨԕɵɥɚɬɵɧ ɬɟɨɪɢɹɥɵԕ ɤɭɪɫɬɚɪ ɬɚɥɚɛɵɧɚ ɫԥɣɤɟɫɬɿ ɠɚɥɩɵ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɬɟɪ ɬԝɪԑɵɫɵɧɚ ԕɚɪɚɩ ɲɟɲɭ ɬɚɥɚɛɵ 40-ɠɵɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɫ ɤɟɡɿɧɟɧ ɛɚɫɬɚɥɚɞɵ. Ȼԝɥ ɨɧɠɵɥɞɵԕ ɿɲɿɧɞɟ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿԙ ɚɥɭɚɧ
ɬԛɪɥɿ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿɧɟ ɚɪɧɚɥԑɚɧ 15 ɲɚԕɬɵ ԑɵɥɵɦɢ ɦɚԕɚɥɚ, ɋ.Ⱥɦɚɧɠɨɥɨɜɬɵԙ, ɋ.ɀɢɟɧɛɚɟɜɬɵԙ,
ɇ. ɋɚɭɪɚɧɛɚɟɜɬɵԙ, Ɇ. Ȼɚɥɚԕɚɟɜɬɵԙ ɟԙɛɟɤɬɟɪɿ ɲɵԕɬɵ. 1940 ɠɵɥɵ ɋ. Ⱥɦɚɧɠɨɥɨɜɬɵԙ «Ԕɚɡɚԕ
ɬɿɥ ԑɵɥɵɦɢ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɧɿԙ ԕɵɫԕɚ ɤɭɪɫɵ»
Ⱦɟɩ ɚɬɚɥԑɚɧ ɨԕɭɥɵԑɵ ɲɵԑɚɪɵɥɞɵ. Ⱥɜɬɨɪɞɵԙ ɦɟɤɬɟɩɤɟ ɚɪɧɚɥԑɚɧ ɨԕɭɥɵԕ ɠɚɡɭ ɬԥɠɿɪɟɛɢɟɫɿɧɟɧ ԝɥԑɚɣԑɚɧ ɨɣ-ɩɿɤɿɪɿɧ ɛɿɥɞɿɪɟɬɿɧ ɛԝɥ ɤɿɬɚɛɵ ɇ. ə. Ɇɚɪɪɞɵԙ «Ɍɿɥ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ɠɚԙɚ ɿɥɿɦ» ԕɚԑɢɞɚɥɚɪɵɧ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɦɟɧ ԝɲɬɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚ ɬɵɪɵɫԕɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ, ɛɿɪɫɵɩɵɪɚ ɬɟɨɪɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɚ,
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɬɚ ԕɚɬɟɥɟɪ ɠɿɛɟɪɞɿ. Ɉɧɞɚɣ ɨԕɵɥɵԕɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɿɪɚɡɵ ԧɡ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟ ԥɞɿɥ ɫɵɧɚɥɞɵ. Ɉɫɵ
ɨԕɭ ԕԝɪɚɥɵ ԧɡɝɟɪɬɿɥɿɩ, 1950 ɠɵɥɵ ԕɚɣɬɚ ɛɚɫɵɥɞɵ. Ȼɿɪɚԕ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɥԑɚɧɵɦɟɧ ɛԝɥ ɛɚɫɵɥɵɦ ɬԛɝɟɥɞɟɣ ɞɟɪɥɿɤ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɦɟɧ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ ɚɪɚɥɵԕ ԝɫɚԕ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɥɚɪɞɵ ɫԧɡ
ɟɬɤɟɧ. 1940 ɠɵɥԑɵ ɛɚɫɵɥɵɦɵɧɞɚ ɤɟɬɤɟɧ ɬɟɨɪɢɹɥɵԕ ԕɚɬɟ ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɪ ɦԝɧɞɚ ɞɚ ԧɡɝɟɪɬɿɥɦɟɝɟɧ.
1941 ɠɵɥɵ ɋ.ɀɢɟɧɛɚɟɜɬɵԙ «ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿ» ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɥԑɚɧ ɲɚԑɵɧ ɤɿɬɚɩɲɚɫɵ
ɲɵԕɬɵ. ɋԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿɧ ɠɿɤɬɟɭ, ɨɥɚɪ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɬɚɪ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ
ɚɣɬԕɚɧɞɚɪɵ ɛɨɥɦɚɫɚ, ɛԝɥ ɤɿɬɚɩɲɚɧɵԙ ɚɥԑɚ ԕɨɣԑɚɧ ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɦɚԕɫɚɬɵ – ԕԝɪɦɚɥɚɫ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɞɿ ɠɿɤɬɟɭ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ, ɛԝԑɚɧ ԕԝɪɦɚɥɚɫ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɞɿ ɫԧɡ ɟɬɤɟɧ ɠɟɪɞɟ ɬɨԕɬɚɥɚɦɵɡ.
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40-ɠɵɥɞɚɪ ɿɲɿɧɞɟ Ɇ. Ȼɚɥɚԕɚɟɜ ɠɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɦɟɧɛɿɪɚɡ ɚɣɧɚɥɵɫɬɵ. Ȼԝɥ ɫɚɥɚɞɚɧ
ɠɚɡԑɚɧ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɥɟɪɿɧ «Ԕɚɡɿɪɝɿ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɠɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɧɿԙ ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɬɚԕɵɪɵɩ ɬԧԙɿɪɟɝɿɧɞɟ ɠɢɧɚԕɬɚɩ, 1950 ɠɵɥɵ ɞɨɤɬɨɪɥɵԕ ɞɢɫɫɟɪɬɚɰɢɹ ԕɨɪԑɚɞɵ. Ɇ. Ȼɚɥɚԕɚɟɜ
ɛԝɪɵɧɚɧ ɛɚɪ, ɧɟɝɿɡɿ ɫɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɿ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɞɿ ɛɚɣ ɬɿɥɞɿɤ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɞɚɪԑɚ ɫԛɣɟɧɟ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ,
ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɦɟɧ ɛɿɪɝɟ, ɛԝɪɵɧ ɧɟɝɿɡɿɧɞɟ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɵ ɬԛɪɿɧɞɤɟ ԕɚɪɚɥɵɩ ɤɟɥɝɟɧ
ɫԧɡ ɬɿɪɤɟɫɿɧ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɞɵ.
1968 ɠɵɥɵ Ɉ. Ɍԧɥɟɝɟɧɨɜɬɵԙ «ɀɚɥɩɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɞɿ ɠԥɧɟ ɦɚԕɫɚɬ ɦԥɧɞɿ ɠɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɬɢɩɬɟɪɿ»
ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɥԑɚɧ ɤɿɬɚɛɵ ɲɵԕɬɵ. ɋԧɣɥɟɦɞɟɝɿ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɞɿɤ ɦԥɧ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ ɛɿɥɿɦɿɧɞɟ ɚɪɧɚɣɵ ɫԧɡ ɛɨɥɦɚԑɚɧ ɬɚԕɵɪɵɩ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ, ɚɜɬɨɪ ɚɬɚɥԑɚɧ ɟԙɛɟɝɿɧɞɟ ɫɨɧɵ ɬɚɥɞɚɩ ɲɟɲɭɝɟ ɬɚɥɩɵɧԑɚɧ. Ɇɨɞɟɥɞɿɤ
ɦԥɧ ɞɟɝɟɧɧɿԙ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚɞɚ ԕɚɥɚɣ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɥɵɩ ɠԛɪɝɟɧɿɧ, ԕɚɧɞɚɣ ɤԧɡԕɚɪɚɫɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɪɥɵԑɵɧ
ɲɨɥɚ ɤɟɥɿɩ, ɚɜɬɨɪ ԧɡ ɩɿɤɿɪɿɧɞɟ ɨɪɬɚԑɚ ɫɚɥɚɞɵ.
ɋԧɣɥɟɭ ɬɿɥɿ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɧɿԙ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ԛɲɿɧ ɞɟ, ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ԛɲɿɧ ɞɟ ɡɨɪ ɦԥɧɿ ɛɚɪɥɵԑɵɧɚ ԕɚɪɚɦɚɫɬɚɧ ɛԝɥ ɦԥɫɟɥɟ ɫɨԙԑɵ ɭɚԕɵɬԕɚ ɞɟɣɿɧ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ ɛɿɥɿɦɿɧɞɟ ɚɭɵɡԑɚ ɚɥɵɧɛɚɣ ɤɟɥɝɟɧɿ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɿ.
Ɋ. Ԥɦɿɪɨɜ 1972 ɠɵɥɵ ɛɚɫɩɚɞɚɧ ɲɵԕԕɚɧ «Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɚ ɤɚɡɚɯɫɤɨɣ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ» ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɥɚɬɵɧ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɵԕ ɟԙɛɟɝɿɧɞɟ ɨɫɵ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɧɵ ɬɿɥɞɿɤ ɛɚɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɞɚɪԑɚ
ɫԛɣɟɧɟ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɩ ɲɵԕԕɚɧ-ɞɵ.
Ԕɚɡɚԕ ɄɋɊ Ԑɵɥɵɦ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɹɫɵɧɵԙ ɯɚɛɚɪɥɚɪɵɧɵԙ 1964 ɠɵɥɵ 6-ɫɚɧɵɧɞɚ ɨɫɵ ɠɨɥɞɚɪ
ɚɜɬɨɪɵɧɵԙ «ɉɨɷɡɢɹɥɵԕ ɲɵԑɚɪɦɚɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɫɵ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɟԙɛɟɝɿ ɠɚɪɢɹɥɚɧɞɵ.
Ȼԝɥ – ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ ɛɿɥɿɦɿɧɞɟ ɚɬɚɥԑɚɧ ɬɚԕɵɪɵɩɬɚ ɠɚɡɵɥԑɚɧ ɬԝԙԑɵɲ ɟԙɛɟɤ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ. Ȼԝɥ ɟԙɛɟɤɬɟ
ɚɥɭɚɧ ɬԛɪɥɿ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɫɬɚԑɵ ɩɨɷɡɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɭɵɧɞɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿ, ɩɨɷɡɢɹ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿɧɿԙ ԧɡɿɧɞɿɤɿɪɥɿɤɬɟɪɿ ɬɿɥɞɿɤ ɮɚɤɬɿɥɟɪ ɧɟɝɿɡɿɧɞɟ ɬɚɥɞɚɧԑɚɧ. ɋɨɥɚɪɦɟɧ ɛɿɪɝɟ, ɩɨɷɡɢɹɞɚ ԧɬɟ ɠɢɿ ɤɟɡɞɟɫɟɬɿɧ,
ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ ɛɿɥɿɦɿɧɞɟ ɛԝɪɵɧ-ɫɨԙɞɵ ɫԧɡ ɛɨɥɦɚԑɚɧ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ɤԛɪɞɟɥɿ ɛɿɪɥɿɤɬɟɪ ɞɟ ɬԝԙԑɵɲ ɪɟɬ
ɤԧɬɟɪɿɥɿɩ, ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɬԛɪɥɟɪɿ ɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɥԑɚɧ.
ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ɫɢɧɨɧɢɦɧɿԙ ɦɚԙɵɡɞɵ ɦԥɫɟɥɟ ɟɤɟɧɿ ɞɚɭɫɵɡ. Ȼԝɥ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɝɟ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ ɠɚɡɵɥԑɚɧ ɟԙɛɟɤɬɟɪɿ Ɉɬɚɧɞɵԕ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚɞɚ ɚɡ ɟɦɟɫ. Ȼɿɪɚԕ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿɧɞɟ ɫɢɧɨɧɢɦ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɫɿ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɚ ɬԝɪԑɵɫɵɧɚɧ ɛɨɥɦɚɫɚ, ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ɠɚԕɬɚɧ ɚɪɧɚɣɵ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɥɝɟɧ ɟɦɟɫ. Ɍɵԙ ɠɚɬԕɚɧ ɨɫɵ
ɦԥɫɟɥɟ Ɇ. ɋɟɪԑɚɥɢɟɜɬɿԙ «ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ɫɢɧɨɧɢɦ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɚɬɩɟɧ 1981 ɠɵɥɵ ɠɚɪɢɹɥɚɧԑɚɧ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɹɥɵԕ ɟԙɛɟɝɿ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɠɚɥԑɚɧɧɵԙ ɠɚɪɵԑɵɧɚ ɤɟɥɞɿ. Ⱥɜɬɨɪ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɫɢɧɨɧɢɦɞɿɤ ԕԝɛɵɥɵɫɬɚɪɞɵ ɧɚԕɬɵɥɵ ɬɿɥɞɿɤ ɮɚɤɬɿɥɟɪ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɬԥɩ-ɬԥɭɿɪ ɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɥԑɚɧ.
Ⱥɞɚɦɧɵԙ ɫɚɧɚɥɵ ԧɦɿɪɿ ԛɧɟɦɿ ɦɚԕɫɚɬɬɵ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. Ⱥɥ ɨɫɵ ɦɚԕɫɚɬɬɵɥɵԕɬɵԙ ԧɡɿ ɫɨɥ ɫɚɧɚɥɵ
ԧɦɿɪɿɧ ԕɚɦɬɚɦɚɫɵɡ ɟɬɭ ԛɲɿɧ ɤɟɪɟɤ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧɵ ɬɚԑɵ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɿ. Ɇɚԕɫɚɬԕɚ ɠɟɬɭɞɟ ɚɞɚɦ ɠɟɤɟ ɞɚɪɚ
ԥɪɟɤɟɬ ɟɬɿɩ ԕɨɣɦɚɣɞɵ, ԕɚɣɬɚ ɨɥ ԧɡɝɟɥɟɪɦɟɧ ԕɚɪɵɦ-ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɬɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. ɒɵɧɞɵԕ ɞԛɧɢɟɞɟ ɛɿɡ
ɚɣɧɚɥɚɞɚɧ ɚɥԑɚɧ ԥɫɟɪɥɟɪɿԙɿɡɞɿ ɨɪɬɚɥɵԕ ɧɟɪɜ ɠԛɣɟɦɿɡɞɟ ɫԥɭɥɟɥɟɧɞɿɪɝɟɧɧɟɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ ɨɧɵ ɫɵɪɬԕɚ,
ԧɡɝɟɥɟɪɝɟ ɠɟɬɤɿɡɟɦɿɡ. Ɉɫɵ ԥɪɟɤɟɬ ɬɿɥ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɿɫɤɟ ɚɫɚɬɵɧ ɛɨɥɞɵ. ɋɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɿԙ
ԕɚɣ-ԕɚɣɫɵɫɵ ɞɚ ɬɿɥ – ԕɚɪɵɦ-ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫ ɠɚɫɚɭɞɵԙ ԕԝɪɚɥɵ ɞɚ, ɚɥ ɨɫɵ ԕԝɪɚɥɞɵԙ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɦɵɧ,
ɹԑɧɢ ɨɣɞɵ ɚɣɬɵɩ ɠɟɬɤɿɡɭɞɿԙ ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɮɨɪɦɚɫɵɧ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɪɟɬɿɧɞɟ ɬɚɧɭɞɵ ɬɟɪɿɫɤɟ ɲɵԑɚɪɦɚɣɞɵ.
Ɉɫɵɞɚɧ ɛɚɪɵɩ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɞɚ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿ ɞɟɝɟɧ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɬɟɪɦɢɧ ԥɛɞɟɧ ԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɵɩ ɤɟɬɤɟɧɿ ɦԥɥɿɦ. Ɉɞɚɧ ԥɪɿ ɠɚԙɚԑɵ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɞɟɝɟɧɧɿԙ ԧɡɿ ɨɧɞɚԑɵ ɚɣɬɵɥԑɚɧ ɨɣɞɵԙ ɬԛɪɿɧɟ ԕɚɪɚɣ ɠɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɠԥɧɟ ԕԝɪɦɚɥɚɫ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɵԙԑɚɣɵɧɞɚ ɬɚɧɵɥɚɞɵ.
Ⱥ. Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧԝɥɵ «Ɍɿɥ - ԕԝɪɚɥ» ɚɬɬɵ ɟԙɛɟɝɿɧɿԙ ԧɡɿɧɞɟ « Ɍɿɥ – ɚɞɚɦɧɵԙ ɚɞɚɦɞɵԕ ɛɟɥɝɿɫɿɧɿԙ ɡɨɪɵ, ɠԝɦɫɚɣɬɵɧ ԕɚɪɭɵɧɵԙ ɛɿɪɿ» ɞɟɫɟ, ɨɧɞɚ ԑɚɥɵɦ ɬɿɥɝɟ ɞԝɪɵɫ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɦɚ ɛɟɪɝɟɧ ɞɟɣ
ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥɵɩ ɠԛɪɝɟɧ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɿɤ ԕɚԑɢɞɚɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɚɥԑɚɲԕɵ ɚɜɬɨɪɥɚɪɵɧɵԙ ԝɫɬɚɡɵ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɵɧ ɛɚɣԕɬɚɞɵ. Ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ ɛɿɥɿɦɿɧɿԙ ɛɚɫԕɚ ɞɚ ɫɚɥɚɥɚɪɵ ɫɢɹԕɬɵ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɤɟ ԕɚɬɵɫɬɵ ɚɥԑɚɲԕɵ ɩɿɤɿɪɥɟɪɞɿ ɞɟ, ɨɧɵԙ ԑɵɥɵɦɢ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɞɟɪɿɧ ɞɟ Ⱥ. Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧɨɜɬɵԙ «Ɍɿɥ ԕԝɪɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɚɧ» ɤɟɡɞɟɫɬɿɪɟɦɿɡ. «Ԛɲ ɠɵɥɞɵԕ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ԕɨɫɵɦɲɚ ɚɧɵԕɬɚԑɵɲɵ ɛɚɪ ɨɫɵ ɨԕɭɥɵԑɵɧɞɚ Ⱥɯɦɟɬ Ȼɚɣɬԝɪɫɵɧԝɥɵ ɫԧɣɥɟɭ ɦɟɧ ɫԧɣɥɟɦ, ɫԧɣɥɟɦ ɦɟɧ ɫԧɡ, ԕɚɡɿɪɞɟ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɩ ɠԛɪɝɟɧ ɬԝɪɥɚɭɥɵ, ɬԝɪɥɚɭɫɵɡ
ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪ, ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɬԛɪɥɟɪɿ, ԥɪ ɦԛɲɟɧɿԙ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵɥɵԕ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɪɿ ɦɟɧ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫɭ ɬԥɪɬɿɛɿ, ԕɚɣ
ɫԧɡ ɬɚɩɬɚɪɵɧɚɧ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧɞɵԑɵɧ ɛɚɹɧɞɚԑɚɧ. ɀɚɣ ɫԧɣɥɟɦɞɟɪɞɿ ԧɡ ɿɲɿɧɟɧ ɬɨɥɵɦɞɵ, ɬɨɥɵɦɫɵɡ,
ɛɨɥɵɦɞɵ, ɛɨɥɵɦɫɵɡ, ɯɚɛɚɪɥɵ, ɥɟɩɬɿ, ɫԝɪɚɭɥɵ, ɬɿɥɟɤɬɿ, ɛԝɣɪɵԕɬɵ ɞɟɩ ɛԧɥɝɟɧ.
ɋɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ԕɚɬɚɪɵɧɞɚ ɋ. Ⱥɦɚɧɠɨɥɨɜ, ɇ. ɋɚɭɪɚɧɛɚɟɜ, ɋ. ɀɢɟɧɛɚɟɜ, Ɉ. Ɍԧɥɟɝɟɧɨɜ, Ɋ. Ԥɦɿɪɨɜ, Ɇ. ɋɟɪԑɚɥɢɟɜ, Ɇ. Ȼɚɥɚԕɚɟɜ, ɫɢɹԕɬɵ ɿɪɿ ԑɚɥɵɦɞɚɪɞɵԙ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿɧɿԙ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɫɚɥɚɫɵɧɚ
272

ɨɫɵ ԑɚɫɵɪɞɵԙ ɚɥԑɚɲԕɵ ɨɧɠɵɥɞɵԕɬɚɪɵɧɞɚ ɟɥɟɭɥɿ ԛɥɟɫ ԕɨɫԕɚɧɵɧ ɚɣɪɵԕɲɚ ԛɥɝɿɥɟɪɞɟɧ ɛɚԑɞɚɪ
ɚɥɞɵ.
Ⱥɥɞɵɦɟɧ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿɧɿԙ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɦɵ ɤԛɪɞɟɥɿ ɟɤɟɧɿɧ ɦɨɣɵɧɞɚɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ. Ɉɫɵ ɤԛɪɞɟɥɿɥɿɤ
ɛɿɪɞɟɧ ɩɚɣɞɚ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɠɨԕ, ɨɥ ɠԛɪɟ-ɛɚɪɚ ԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵ. Ɇԝɧɞɚɣ ɠԛɣɟ ԝɡɚԕ ɬɚɪɢɯɢ ɠɨɥɞɚɧ ԧɬɟɞɿ.
ȿɝɟɪ ɛɿɡ ɬɿɥ ɦɟɧ ɨɣɞɵԙ ɛɿɪɥɿɝɿɧ ɦɨɣɵɧɞɚɣɬɵɧ ɛɨɥɫɚԕ, ɨɧɞɚ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿɧɿԙ ɛɨɣɵɧɞɚԑɵ ɤԛɪɞɟɥɿɥɿɤɬɿ ɨɣɥɚɭ ɛɿɪɥɿɝɿɧɟɧ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɭɵɦɵɡ ɤɟɪɟɤ. ȿɧɞɟɲɟ ɨɫɵɞɚɧ ɲɵԑɚɬɵɧ ɠɚɣ – ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ, ɨɧɵ
ԕɨɥɞɚԑɚɧ ԕɚɡɚԕ ɯɚɥԕɵɧɵԙ ɨɣɥɚɭ ԕɚɛɿɥɟɬɿ ԧɡɝɟ ɯɚɥɵԕɬɚɪɞɵԙ ԕɚɣ-ԕɚɣɫɵɫɵɧɚɧ ɞɚ ɤɟɦ ɛɨɥɦɚԑɚɧ
ɞɟɣ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ. Ɉɫɵɦɟɧ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ «ɛԝɪɚɬɚɧɚɥɚɪɞɵԙ» ɨɣɥɚɭ ԕɚɛɿɥɟɬɿ «ɟɜɪɨɩɚɥɵԕɬɚɪɞɚɧ ɤɟɦ
ɛɨɥɚɞɵ» ɞɟɣɬɿɧ ɡɢɹɧɞɵ ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦԑɚ ɟɲɛɿɪ ɨɪɵɧ ԕɚɥɦɚɣɞɵ.
ԤȾȿȻɂȿɌɌȿɊ ɌȱɁȱɆȱ
1 Ⱥɦɚɧɠɨɥɨɜ ɋ. Ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿɧɿԙ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɿ. – Ⱥɥɦɚɬɵ, 1993.
2 Ⱥɦɚɠɨɥɨɜ ɋ., Ⱥɦɚɧɠɨɥɨɜ Ⱥ., Ԕɨɫɵɦɨɜɚ Ƚ. Ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ. – Ⱥɥɦɚɬɵ, 2004.
3 Ʉɚɬɟɦɛɚɟɜɚ Ȼ., ɇԝɪɩɟɣɿɫɨɜ Ȼ. Ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿɧɟɧ ɞɢɞɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ. – Ⱥɥɦɚɬɵ, 1994.

ȺɇȺɇɕԘ ɌȱɅȱ – ȺɊȾȺԔɌɕɆ ɆȿɇȱԘ
Θɚɧɚɮɢɧɚ Ɏ.Θ.,
ɊɵɫΙΡɥɨɜ Ɍ. ɚɬɵɧɞɚΕɵ ΘɚɡɚΙ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɥɵΙ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɿ, ΘɚɡɚΙɫɬɚɧ
ȺɧɚɦɵɡɞɵΝ ɚΙ ɫΟɬɿɦɟɧ ɛɨɣɵɦɵɡΕɚ ɞɚɪɵΕɚɧ
ɬɿɥɿɦɿɡɞɿ Ρɦɵɬɭ – ɛΟɤɿɥ ɚɬɚ-ɛɚɛɚɦɵɡɞɵ, ɬɚɪɢɯɵɦɵɡɞɵ Ρɦɵɬɭ.
Ȼ. ɆɨɦɵɲΡɥɵ

Ɍɿɥ – ԕɚɣ ԝɥɬɬɵԙ ɛɨɥɦɚɫɵɧ ɬɚɪɢɯɵ ɦɟɧ ɬɚԑɞɵɪɵ, ɬԥɪɛɢɟɫɿ ɦɟɧ ɛɟɪɝɟɧ ɬԥɥɿɦɿɧɿԙ ɧɟɝɿɡɿ,
ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫ ԕԝɪɚɥɵ, ɟɥɿɦɿɡɞɿԙ ɛɨɥɚɲɚԑɵ. Ɍɿɥ ɛɨɥɦɚɣ ɫԧɡ ɞɟ, ɟɥ ɞɟ ɛɨɥɦɚɣɞɵ. ɋԧɡ ɛɨɥɦɚɫɚ ɚɞɚɦɡɚɬɬɵԙ ɬɿɪɥɿɝɿɧɞɟ,ɟɥɞɿԙ ɛɨɥɚɲɚԑɵɧɞɚ ɦԥɧ – ɦɚԙɵɡ ɛɨɥɦɚɣɬɵɧɵ ɚɣɞɚɧ ɚɪɬɵԕ. ɋɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ ɬɿɥɞɿԙ, ɫԧɡɞɿԙ ɨɪɧɵ ɟɪɟɤɲɟ. Ɉɫɵ ɬԝɪԑɵɞɚɧ ԕɚɪɚԑɚɧɞɚ ɚɧɚ ɬɿɥɿɦɿɡɞɿԙ ɛɨɥɚɲɚԑɵɧ ɬɟɪɟԙ ɨɣɥɚɧɭ ԥɪ
ɚɡɚɦɚɬɬɵԙ ɩɚɪɵɡɵ ɞɟɩ ɨɣɥɚɣɦɵɧ. ȿɥɿɦɿɡ Ԕɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɫɵ ɟɝɟɧɞɿɤ ɚɥɞɵ, ɬԥɭɟɥɫɿɡ ɟɥ
ɚɬɚɧɞɵ. Ⱥɧɚ ɬɿɥɿɦɿɡɝɟ ɦɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɬɿɤ ɦԥɪɬɟɛɟ ɛɟɪɿɥɞɿ. Ɍɿɥ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ɡɚԙ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɧɞɵ. Ԕɵɪɤԛɣɟɤ
ɚɣɵɧɞɚ Ԕɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɫɵ ɯɚɥɵԕɬɚɪɵ ɬɿɥɞɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɤԛɧɿ ɪɟɬɿɧɞɟ ɚɬɚɩ ԧɬɿɥɿɩ ɠԛɪ. ȿɥɿɦɿɡ
ɟɝɟɦɟɧɞɿɤ ɚɥԑɚɧɧɚɧ ɛɟɪɿ ɠɵɥ ɫɚɣɵɧ ɬɿɥɿɦɿɡɞɿԙ ɦԥɪɬɟɛɟɫɿ ԧɫɿɩ ɤɟɥɟɞɿ. Ԥɪ ɦɟɤɟɦɟɥɟɪɞɟ, ɚɬɚɩ
ɚɣɬɫɚԕ, ɨԕɭ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɪɵɧɞɚ ɬɿɥɝɟ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ ɚɩɬɚɥɵԕɬɚɪ ԧɬɤɿɡɿɥɿɩ ɬԝɪɚɞɵ.
Ɍɿɥ – ɯɚɥɵԕɬɵԙ ɠɚɧɵ. Ɍɿɥ ԕԝɪɵɫɚ, ԕɚɡɚԕ ɯɚɥԕɵ ɞɚ ɠɟɪ ɛɟɬɿɧɟɧ ɠɨԑɚɥɚɞɵ. ɏɚɥԕɵɦɵɡɞɵԙ
ɚɫɚ ɛɚɣ ɪɭɯɚɧɢ ԕɚɡɵɧɚɫɵ – ɬɭԑɚɧ ɚɧɚ ɬɿɥɿɦɿɡ. Ɉɥ – ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ. Ԕɚɡɚԕ ɬɿɥɿ – ԧɡɿɧɿԙ ɤɟԙ ɩɟɣɿɥɞɿɝɿɦɟɧ, ɛɚɣɥɵԑɵɦɟɧ ɤɟԙ ɩɿɲɿɥɝɟɧ ɠɚɣɞɚɪɵ ɞɚ ɠɚɥɩɚԕ ɬɿɥ. Ԕɚɡɚԕ ɫԧɡɿ ɟɪɤɿɧ ɲɵԑɚɬɵɧ, ɚԙԕɵɥɞɚɩ
ɬԝɪɚɬɵɧ, ɛɢɹɡɵɥɵԑɵɦɟɧ ɤԧɪɤɟɦ, ɞɚɥɚɧɵԙ ԕɨԙɵɪ ɠɟɥɿɧɞɟɣ ɠɚɣɞɚɪɵ, ԕɚɡɚԕ ɯɚɥԕɵɧɵԙ ɟɪɟɤɲɟ
ԕԝɪɦɟɬɬɟɣɬɿɧ ɦɚԕɬɚɧɵɲɵ, ɵɪɵɫɵ, ɛɚԕɵɬɵ ɞɟɫɟɤ ɚɪɬɵԕ ɟɦɟɫ.
Ⱥɧɚɦɧɵԙ ɬɿɥɿ – ɚɪɞɚԕɬɵɦɦɟɧɿԙ! Ɉ, ɬɭԑɚɧ ɚɧɚ ɬɿɥɿɦ! Ⱥɧɚ ɬɿɥɿ. Ɍɿɥ ɚɞɚɦɞɚɪ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫ ԕԝɪɚɥɵ, ԧɣɬɤɟɧɿ ɚɞɚɦɞɚɪ ԕɨԑɚɦɞɵԕ ԧɦɿɪɞɟ ɛɿɪ-ɛɿɪɿɦɟɧ ɬɿɥ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɫԧɣɥɟɫɟɞɿ, ɩɿɤɿɪ ɚɥɵɫɚɞɵ, ɨɣɵɧ ɠɟɬɤɿɡɟɞɿ. Ⱥɧɚ ɬɿɥɿ ɞɟɝɟɧɿɦɿɡ – ɫɨɥ ɬɿɥɞɿ ɠɚɫɚԑɚɧ, ɠɚɫɚɩ ɤɟɥɟ ɠɚɬԕɚɧ ɯɚɥԕɵɦɵɡɞɵԙ ԧɬɤɟɧɿ, ɛԛɝɿɧɝɿɫɿ, ɟɪɬɟԙɿ. Ɍɿɥ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɛɿɡ ɨԕɵɩ, ɛɿɥɿɦ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ, ԕɚɥɚԑɚɧ ɦɚɦɚɧɞɵԕɬɵ
ɢɝɟɪɟɦɿɡ. Ɍɿɥ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɞɚɧɚɥɚɪ ɫԧɡɿɧ ɨԕɵɩ ɛɿɥɟɦɿɡ, ɫɨɞɚɧ ԑɢɛɚɪɚɬ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ. «Ԧɧɟɪ ɚɥɞɵ – ԕɵɡɵɥ
ɬɿɥ» ɞɟɝɟɧ ɞɚɧɚɥɵ ɫԧɡ ɨɫɵɞɚɧ ɲɵԕԕɵɧ ɛɨɥɚɪ. Ɍɿɥ ɯɚɥɵԕɩɟɧ ɛɿɪɝɟ ɠɚɫɚɣɞɵ, ɞɚɦɢɞɵ, ԧɪɤɟɧɞɟɣɞɿ.
Ⱥɧɚ ɬɿɥɿԙ – ɚɪɵԙ ɛԝɥ,
Ԝɹɬɵԙ ɛɨɩ ɬԝɪ ɛɟɬɬɟ.
Ԧɡɝɟ ɬɿɥɞɿԙ ɛԥɪɿɧ ɛɿɥ,
Ԧɡ ɬɿɥɿԙɞɿ ԕԝɪɦɟɬɬɟ, – ɞɟɩ ɬɚɥɚɧɬɬɵ ɚԕɵɧ Ԕɚɞɵɪ Ɇɵɪɡɚ Ԥɥɢ ɚԕɵɧ ɚԑɚɦɵɡ ɠɵɪɥɚɫɚ,
ɚɧɚ ɬɿɥɿɧɿԙ ԕɚɞɿɪ-ԕɚɫɢɟɬɿɧ ɛɿɥɟ ɛɿɥɝɟɧ ɯɚɥԕɵɦɵɡ ɨɧɵ ԝɥɬɬɵԙ ɪɭɯɵɧɚ, ԕɚɡɵɧɚ ɛɚɣɥɵԑɵɧɚ
ɛɚɥɚɣɞɵ. Ⱥɞɚɦɞɵ ɦԝɪɚɬԕɚ ɠɟɬɤɿɡɟɬɿɧ – ɚɧɚ ɬɿɥɿ ɦɟɧ ɚɬɚ ɞԥɫɬԛɪɿ, ɯɚɥɵԕɬɵԙ ԕɚɫɢɟɬɬɿ ɦԝɪɚɫɵ.
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