Материалдар / Оқытудағы интербелсенді әдіс-тәсілдер

Оқытудағы интербелсенді әдіс-тәсілдер

Материал туралы қысқаша түсінік
"Оқытудағы интербелсенді әдіс-тәсілдер" әдістемелік құрал
Авторы:
Автор материалды ақылы түрде жариялады. Сатылымнан түскен қаражат авторға автоматты түрде аударылады. Толығырақ
23 Маусым 2021
241
0 рет жүктелген
770 ₸
Бүгін алсаңыз
+39 бонус
беріледі
Бұл не?
Бүгін алсаңыз +39 бонус беріледі Бұл не?
Тегін турнир Мұғалімдер мен Тәрбиешілерге
Дипломдар мен сертификаттарды алып үлгеріңіз!
Бұл бетте материалдың қысқаша нұсқасы ұсынылған. Материалдың толық нұсқасын жүктеп алып, көруге болады
logo

Материалдың толық нұсқасын
жүктеп алып көруге болады

Педагогикалық шеберлік орталығы
«Назарбаев Зияткерлік мектептері» ДББҰ
Кембридж Университетінің Білім беру
факультетімен бірлесіп әзірлеген
Қазақстан Республикасы педагог кадрларының
біліктілігін арттыру деңгейлі бағдарламасын іске
асыруға арналған тәжірибелік нұсқаулық

Практическое руководство для реализации
уровневых программ повышения квалификации
педагогических кадров Республики Казахстан,
разработанных Центром педагогического мастерства
АОО «Назарбаев Интеллектуальные школы»
совместно с Факультетом образования
Кембриджского Университета

Practical guidance for implementing levelled
in-service training Programmes for the
pedagogic staff of the Republic of Kazakhstan
developed by the Center of Excellence
AEO "Nazarbayev Intellectual Schools"
jointly with the Faculty of Education
of the University of Cambridge

НОВЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ

Оқыту мен оқудағы

в преподавании и обучении

ЖАҢА ТӘСІЛДЕМЕЛЕР

in teaching and learning

NEW APPROACHES

Оқытудағы

ИНТЕРБЕЛСЕНДІ
әдіс-тәсілдер
ИНТЕРАКТИВНЫЕ

методы обучения
INTERACTIVE

methods of teaching

Астана Astana
2014

ɍȾɄ
ȻȻɄ
Ԥ
©ɇɚɡɚɪɛɚɟɜɁɢɹɬɤɟɪɥɿɤɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɟɪɿªȾȻȻԜ
ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕɲɟɛɟɪɥɿɤɨɪɬɚɥɵԑɵɧɵԙ
Ԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɥɿɤɤɟԙɟɫɿɧɿԙɲɟɲɿɦɿɦɟɧɛɚɫɩɚԑɚԝɫɵɧɵɥɞɵ

ɉɿɤɿɪɠɚɡԑɚɧɞɚɪɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚԑɵɥɵɦɞɚɪɵɧɵԙɞɨɤɬɨɪɵɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪɌԝɪԑɵɧɛɚɟɜɚȻɨɬɚɝԛɥ
ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚԑɵɥɵɦɞɚɪɵɧɵԙɞɨɤɬɨɪɵɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪɊɵɫɛɚɟɜɚȺɪɲɚɝԛɥ

Ԥ ԤɥɿɦɨɜȺԔɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɫɿɧɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɟԕɨɥɞɚɧɭɈԕɭԕԝɪɚɥɵȺԔԤɥɿɦɨɜ
Ⱥɫɯɚɬ Ԕɚɦɡɚԝɥɵ ± Ⱥɫɬɚɧɚ ©ɇɚɡɚɪɛɚɟɜ Ɂɢɹɬɤɟɪɥɿɤ ɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɟɪɿª ȾȻȻԜ ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕ
ɲɟɛɟɪɥɿɤɨɪɬɚɥɵԑɵ±ɛɟɬ
,6%1
Ɉԕɭԕԝɪɚɥɵɧɞɚɨɪɬɚɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɟɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ɢɧɬɟɪɚɤɬɢɜɬɿ ɨԕɭԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɫɿɧɨԕɭԛɞɟɪɿɫɿɧɞɟ
ԕɨɥɞɚɧɭ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɚɞɵ Ԕԝɪɚɥɞɚ ɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ɨԕɭ ɦɟɧ ɨԕɵɬɭɞɵԙ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɢɹ
ɥɵԕɠԥɧɟɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɵԕɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɦɟɫɿɤɟɥɬɿɪɿɥɿɩɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɫɿɧɿԙɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɟɝɿ
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɫɵɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɥɚɞɵ
Ԕԝɪɚɥ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɛɟɪɭ ԝɣɵɦɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɠɟɬɟɤɲɿɥɟɪɿɧɟ ɠԥɧɟ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝ ԕɵɡɦɟɬɤɟɪɥɟɪɝɟ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝ
ɤɚɞɪɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɿɥɿɤɬɿɥɿɝɿɧ ɚɪɬɬɵɪɭ ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɿԙ ɬɵԙɞɚɭɲɵɥɚɪɵɧɚ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɦɚɦɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɪ
ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚɨԕɢɬɵɧɀɈɈɠԥɧɟɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɬɟɪɿɧɟɚɪɧɚɥɚɞɵ

ɍȾɄ
ȻȻɄ
Ԥ

,6%1
‹©ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕɲɟɛɟɪɥɿɤɨɪɬɚɥɵԑɵª
 ©ɇɚɡɚɪɛɚɟɜɁɢɹɬɤɟɪɥɿɤɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɟɪɿªȾȻȻԜ

ɆȺɁɆԜɇɕ
Ʉɿɪɿɫɩɟ5
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɧɿԙɧɟɝɿɡɝɿɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿ7
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟԧɡɚɪɚԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɫɭɦɟɧԥɪɟɤɟɬɚɪԕɵɥɵԛɣɪɟɧɭԛɣɪɟɬɭ
Ȼɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɞɵԙɧɟɝɿɡɿ
Ԛɣɪɟɧɭɞɿԙɟԙɬɢɿɦɞɿԥɞɿɫɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪɿ
Ɉԕɭɞɵԙɨԕɵɬɭɞɵԙɧɟɝɿɡɝɿɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿ
Ȼɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭԕɚɣɬɚɥɚɭɟɦɟɫɚɥɫɚɛɚԕɬɟɤɫɟɪɭɟɦɟɫ
ɋԧɡԛɣɪɟɬɩɟɣɞɿԥɪɟɤɟɬԛɣɪɟɬɟɞɿ
ɇɟɧԥɪɫɟɝɟԛɣɪɟɧɭԛɣɪɟɬɭɤɟɪɟɤ"
ɋɵɧɢɨɣɥɚɭɦɟɧɨɧɵɠԛɡɟɝɟɚɫɵɪɭ
ɋɵɧɢɨɣɥɚɭɞɵɫɚɛɚԕɬɚԕɚɥɚɣԕɨɥɞɚɧɭԑɚɛɨɥɚɞɵ"36
Ȼɿɥɿɦɬԛɪɥɟɪɿ
Ɋɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɬɿɤɠԥɧɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɬɿɤ ɫɵɧɞɚɪɥɵ ɛɿɥɿɦɬԛɪɥɟɪɿ
©Ԕɵɡɵԕªɞɟɝɟɧɧɟ"
Ⱦɢɚɥɨɝ±ɚɞɚɦɝɟɪɲɿɥɿɤɤɟԛɣɪɟɧɭɞɿԙɧɟɝɿɡɝɿԕԝɪɚɥɵ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɞɵԙɲɚɪɬɬɚɪɵɦɟɧɟɪɟɠɟɥɟɪɿ
ɀɚԑɵɦɞɵɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɵԕɨɪɬɚɨɪɧɚɬɭ
Ɇɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɹ ɭԥɠ ɬɭɞɵɪɭɧɟɦɟɫɟԕɵɡɵԑɭɲɵɥɵԕɬɵɨɹɬɭ
ɋԥɬɬɿɥɿɤɤɟɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥɭ
Ȼɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧɬɨɩɬɵԕɠԝɦɵɫ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɞɵԝɣɵɦɞɚɫɬɵɪɭɟɪɟɠɟɥɟɪɿ
Ɋɟɮɥɟɤɫɢɹɦɟɧɤɟɪɿɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫ
Ɋɟɮɥɟɤɫɢɹɦɟɧɤɟɪɿɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪɿ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɞɚɨԕɵɬɭɞɚɨԕɭɦɚԕɫɚɬɬɚɪɵɧɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɭɦԥɫɟɥɟɫɿ
ȻȻɥɭɦɬɚɤɫɨɧɨɦɢɹɫɵɧɵԙɬɚɧɵɦɞɵԕɞɟԙɝɟɣɥɟɪɿ
Ȼɚԑɚɥɚɭɬɭɪɚɥɵ
Ȼɚԑɚɥɚɭɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪɿ
ɋɚɛɚԕԕԝɪɵɥɵɦɵ 
ɇɟɥɿɤɬɟɧɫɚɛɚԕԛɲɤɟɡɟԙɧɟɧɬԝɪɚɞɵ" 
ɋɚɛɚԕɤɟɡɟԙɞɟɪɿɧɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɦɟɧɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵɪɭ 
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɞɿɫɬɟɪ
Ԥɪɫɚɛɚԕɬɚԕɨɥɞɚɧɭԑɚɬɢɿɦɞɿɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪ
©ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɭªɤɟɡɟԙɿɧɞɟԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥɚɬɵɧɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪ
©ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɲɟɲɭªɤɟɡɟԙɿɧɞɟԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥɚɬɵɧɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪ
©ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɲɟɲɿɦɿɧԕɨɥɞɚɧɭªɤɟɡɟԙɿɧɞɟԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥɚɬɵɧɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪ
ɀɚɡɭɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪɿ
Ɉɣɫɟɪɝɟɤɬɟɪ
Ɍɚɧɵɫɭɨɣɫɟɪɝɟɤɬɟɪɿ
ɀɚԑɵɦɞɵɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɵԕɚɯɭɚɥԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɚɬɵɧɨɣɫɟɪɝɟɤɬɟɪ
Ʌɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕɨɣɥɚɭԑɚɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɝɟɧɨɣɫɟɪɝɟɤɬɟɪ
ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɵԕɬɟɫɬɬԛɪɿɧɞɟɝɿɨɣɫɟɪɝɟɤɬɟɪ
Ɍɨɩɬɚɪԑɚɛԧɥɭɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪɿ
Ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥԑɚɧԥɞɟɛɢɟɬɬɟɪɬɿɡɿɦɿ

ԤɅȱɆɈȼȺɋɏȺɌԔȺɆɁȺԜɅɕ
Ԕɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɫɵ Ⱥɥɦɚɬɵ ԕɚɥɚɫɵ ɉɟɞɟɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɲɟ
ɛɟɪɥɿɤɨɪɬɚɥɵԑɵɮɢɥɢɚɥɵɧɵɧɚԑɚɦɟɧɟɞɠɟɪɿ
ȱɀɚɧɫԛɝɿɪɨɜɚɬɵɧɞɚԑɵɌɚɥɞɵԕɨɪԑɚɧɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕɢɧɫɬɢɬɭ
ɬɵɧ©Ɉɪɵɫɬɿɥɿɦɟɧԥɞɟɛɢɟɬɿªɠԥɧɟԕɨɫɵɦɲɚ©ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚªɦɚɦɚɧ
ɞɵԑɵ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɚɹԕɬɚԑɚɧ Ɏɢɥɨɥɨɝɢɹ ԑɵɥɵɦɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɵ
ɞɨɰɟɧɬ
ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕɲɟɛɟɪɥɿɤɨɪɬɚɥɵԑɵɄɟɦɛɪɢɞɠɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɿɧɿԙ
Ȼɿɥɿɦɛɟɪɭɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɿɦɟɧɛɿɪɥɟɫɿɩԥɡɿɪɥɟɝɟɧɞɟԙɝɟɣɥɿɛɚԑɞɚɪɥɚɦɚ
ɫɵɚɹɫɵɧɞɚԔɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧɊɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɫɵɩɟɞɚɝɨɝԕɵɡɦɟɬɤɟɪɥɟɪɿɧɿԙɛɿɥɿɤɬɿɥɿɝɿɧɚɪɬɬɵɪɭɤɭɪɫɵɧɵԙ
ɬɪɟɧɟɪɿɪɟɬɿɧɞɟɞɚɣɵɧɞɵԕɬɚɧԧɬɬɿ
ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕɲɟɛɟɪɥɿɤɨɪɬɚɥɵԑɵɄɟɦɛɪɢɞɠɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɿɧɿԙȻɿɥɿɦɛɟɪɭɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɿɦɟɧ
ɛɿɪɥɟɫɿɩԥɡɿɪɥɟɝɟɧɞɟԙɝɟɣɥɿɛɚԑɞɚɪɥɚɦɚɫɵɚɹɫɵɧɞɚԔɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧɊɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɫɵɧɵԙɠɚɥɩɵɛɿɥɿɦ
ɛɟɪɭԝɣɵɦɞɚɪɵɛɚɫɲɵɥɚɪɵɧɵԙɛɿɥɿɤɬɿɥɿɝɿɧɚɪɬɬɵɪɭɛɚԑɞɚɪɥɚɦɚɫɵɛɨɣɵɧɲɚɬɪɟɧɟɪɥɟɪɞɿɨԕɵ
ɬɭɤɭɪɫɵɧɚɧԧɬɬɿ
Ԕɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɫɵ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɛɟɪɭ ɿɫɿɧɿԙ ԕԝɪɦɟɬɬɿ ԕɵɡɦɟɬɤɟɪɿ  ɠ  ©Ⱥɫɬɚɧɚԑɚ 
ɠɵɥªɦɟɞɚɥɿɦɟɧɦɚɪɚɩɚɬɬɚɥԑɚɧ ɠ 

ɄȱɊȱɋɉȿ
ȻԛɝɿɧɞɟɛɿɡɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԕԕɨԑɚɦɞɚԧɦɿɪɫԛɪɭɞɟɦɿɡԔɚɡɿɪɝɿɞԥɭɿɪɞɿԙԥɥɟɭɦɟɬɬɿɤɠԥɧɟɷɤɨɧɨɦɢ
ɤɚɥɵԕɞɚɦɭɟɪɟɤɲɟɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɧɿԙɛɿɪɿɪɟɬɿɧɞɟɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɬɚɧɞɵɪɵɥԑɚɧɠԥɧɟɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԕɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ
ɥɚɪɞɵԙɬɟɝɟɭɪɿɧɿɧɚɬɚɭԑɚɛɨɥɚɞɵȻԝɥɟɪɟɤɲɟɥɿɤɬԝɪɚԕɬɵɤԥɫɿɩɬɟɪɞɿԙԧɡԕɚɫɢɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɠɨԑɚɥɬɵɩ
ԧɡɝɟɪɿɫɬɟɪɝɟԝɲɵɪɚɩɭɚԕɵɬɲɚɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɪɞɵɢɟɥɟɧɭɿɧɟԥɤɟɥɭɞɟɆԝɧɞɚɣɠɚԑɞɚɣɞɚԛɣɪɟɧɟɛɿɥɭ
ɠԥɧɟԛɣɪɟɧɭɝɟԝɦɬɵɥɭɚɞɚɦɧɵԙɟԙɛɚɫɬɵԕɚɛɿɥɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɟɚɣɧɚɥɭɞɚɛԛɝɿɧɞɟԛɣɪɟɧɭɝɟԛɣɪɟɧɭ
ɤɟɪɟɤ©Ԧɦɿɪɛɨɣɵԛɣɪɟɧɭªɢɞɟɹɫɵɧɵԙԕɚɡɿɪɝɿɛɿɥɿɦɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɿԙɧɟɝɿɡɝɿɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɦɚɥɚɪɵɧɵԙ
ɛɿɪɿɧɟ ɚɣɧɚɥɵɩ ɤɟɬɭɿɧɿԙ ɫɟɛɟɛɿ ɨɫɵɧɞɚɣ ɠԥɣɬɬɟɪɦɟɧ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ Ɇԥɫɟɥɟ ©Ϋɦɿɪ ɛɨɣɵ ɚɡɵΙ
ɛɨɥɚɪɥɵΙɬɚɣɛɿɥɿɦɛɟɪɭªɢɞɟɹɫɵɧɵԙɟɧɞɿ©ΫɦɿɪɛɨɣɵΫɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧΟɣɪɟɧɭª ©/LIHORQJOHDUQLQJª 
ԝɫɬɚɧɵɦɵɧɚԧɡɝɟɪɭɿɧɞɟɛɨɥɵɩɨɬɵɪ
ȿɥɛɚɫɵ ɇɇɚɡɚɪɛɚɟɜ  ɠɵɥԑɵ Ԕɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧ ɯɚɥԕɵɧɚ ©Ȼɨɥɚɲɚԕɬɵԙ ɿɪɝɟɫɿɧ ɛɿɪɝɟ ԕɚɥɚɣ
ɦɵɡªɀɨɥɞɚɭɵɧɞɚ©Ԧɦɿɪɛɨɣɵɛɿɥɿɦɚɥɭªԥɪɛɿɪԕɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧɞɵԕɬɵԙɠɟɤɟɤɪɟɞɨɫɵɧɚɚɣɧɚɥɭɵ
ɬɢɿɫª±ɞɟɩɛɟɤɟɪɚɣɬɩɚԑɚɧɞɚɛɨɥɚɪ
©Ԧɦɿɪ ɛɨɣɵ ԛɣɪɟɧɭª ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɦɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ԕɚԑɢɞɚɥɚɪɵ ɧԥɬɢɠɟɝɟ ɠԥɧɟ ɨԕɭɲɵԑɚ
ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥɚɞɵ Ԧɦɿɪ ɛɨɣɵ ɨԕɵɩԛɣɪɟɧɭ ɞɟɝɟɧɿɦɿɡ ɬԝɥԑɚɧɵԙ ԥɥɟɭɦɟɬɬɿɤ ɚɡɚɦɚɬɬɵԕ ɬԝɪԑɵɞɚɧ
ɠɚɪԕɵɧ ɛɨɥɚɲɚԕԕɚ ɠɟɬɭ ɦɚԕɫɚɬɵɧɞɚ ԧɡɿɧɿԙ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɛɿɥɿɤ ɦɚɲɵԕ ɞɚԑɞɵ ԕԝɡɵɪɟɬɬɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɧ
ԛɧɟɦɿɠɟɬɿɥɞɿɪɭɿ
Ԧɦɿɪɛɨɣɵɨԕɵɩԛɣɪɟɧɭɤɟɥɟɫɿɲɚɪɬɬɚɪɞɵԝɫɬɚɧɭɚɪԕɵɥɵɠԛɡɟɝɟɚɫɵɪɵɥɚɞɵ
ԛɧɟɦɿɠɚԙɚɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɦɟɧɢɟɦɞɟɧɭɝɟԝɦɬɵɥɭ
ɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɞɚɠɚԙɚɲɵɥɠԥɧɟɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɞɿɫɬɟɪɞɿԕɨɥɞɚɧɭ
ɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɞɵɛɚԑɚɥɚɭ
Ȼԛɝɿɧɝɿɤԛɧɿɛɿɥɿɦɛɟɪɭɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɞɟɧɟɝɿɡɝɿɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɦɵɧɚɧɞɚɣ©ΞɣɪɟɧɭɦɟɧΟɣɪɟɬɭɬɟɤ
ΫɡɚɪɚɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿΩɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɝɟɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɝɟɧΙɚɪɵɦΙɚɬɵɧɚɫɚɪΙɵɥɵɠΟɡɟɝɟɚɫɵɪɵɥɚɞɵªɠԥɧɟ
©ɌɟɤΩɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɫɭɚɪΙɵɥɵΟɣɪɟɧɭɝɟΟɣɪɟɬɭɝɟɛɨɥɚɞɵªȻɿɥɿɦɛɟɪɭɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɢɹɫɵɦɟɧɤɨɝɧɢ
ɬɢɜɬɿɤ ɬɚɧɵɦɞɵԕ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹɚɞɚɦɧɵԙԧɡԕɨɥɵɦɟɧɠɚɫɚԑɚɧɵɧɟɫɬɟɫɚԕɬɚɣɬɵɧɞɵԑɵɧɩɪɚɤɬɢ
ɤɚɥɵԕԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪ ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿɤɟɡɟɤɬɟɛɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧԝɠɵɦɞɵԕԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪ ɚɪԕɵɥɵԛɣɪɟɧɟɬɿɧɞɿɝɿɧɨԑɚɧ
ԧɡɿɠɚɫɚԑɚɧɵԕɵɡɵԕɟɤɟɧɞɿɝɿɧɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɞɿɋɨɥɫɟɛɟɩɬɿԕɚɡɿɪɝɿɤԛɧɿԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɿɤɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɟԙɬɚ
ɧɵɦɚɥɨԕɭɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɟɚɣɧɚɥԑɚɧɹԑɧɢɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɟɨԕɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɿԙɧɟɝɿɡɿɧɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ɢɧɬɟɪ
ɚɤɬɢɜɬɿ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɥɟɪԕԝɪɚɭɵɤɟɪɟɤԥɪɛɿɪɦԝԑɚɥɿɦԥɪɫɚɛɚԕɬɚɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɞɿɫɬɟɪԕԝɪɚɥ
ɞɚɪɦɟɧɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪɞɿԕɨɥɞɚɧɭɵԕɚɠɟɬ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭ ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɦɟɡɟɬɬɟ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɢɝɟɪɭ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɞɟ ԕɚɬɵɫɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ
ɬɢɿɦɞɿ ԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɵɧɚ ɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɟɞɿ Ⱥԑɵɥɲɵɧ ɬɿɥɿɧɟɧ ɤɟɥɝɟɧ ©ɢɧɬɟɪɚɤɬɢɜª ɫԧɡɿ ɞɟ ɨɫɵ
ԝԑɵɦɞɵɛɿɥɞɿɪɟɞɿ©LQWHUªɞɟɝɟɧɿɦɿɡ©Ϋɡɚɪɚªɦɚԑɵɧɚɫɵɧɞɚɚɥ©DFWª©Ωɪɟɤɟɬɠɚɫɚɭªɞɟɝɟɧɞɿ
ɛɿɥɞɿɪɟɞɿȻɚɫԕɚɲɚɫԧɡɛɟɧɚɣɬԕɚɧɞɚ©ɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿªɞɟɝɟɧɿɦɿɡɛɿɪɟɭɦɟɧɬɵԑɵɡԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵ
ɧɚɫɬɚɛɨɥɭɨɧɵɦɟɧɛɿɪɥɟɫɟԥɪɟɤɟɬɠɚɫɚɭɞɢɚɥɨɝԕԝɪɭɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ©ɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿªɞɟɝɟɧɿɦɿɡɞɢɚ
ɥɨɝɚɪԕɵɥɵԛɣɪɟɧɭԛɣɪɟɬɭɹԑɧɢɦԝɧɞɚɨԕɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɿԙɧɟɝɿɡɿɧ©ԛɣɪɟɬɭɲɿ±ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿª©ԛɣɪɟ
ɧɭɲɿ±ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿª©ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿԧɡɿɦɟɧԧɡɿªɮɨɪɦɚɬɬɚɪɵɧɞɚɠɚɫɚԑɚɧԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚɫ ©ԥԙɝɿɦɟª
©ɫԝɯɛɚɬª©ɛɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪª ԕԝɪɚɣɞɵ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɤɟɥɟɫɿɞɟɣԝɣɵɦɞɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚɵɧɬɚɥɵ
  ɛɚɪɥɵԕԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɝɟɛɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧɬɚɧɵɦɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɟɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɚɪɚɥɚɫɭԑɚɦԛɦɤɿɧɞɿɤɠɚɫɚɭ
  ԥɪɛɿɪ ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɧɿԙ ԧɡɿɧɿԙ ԛɣɪɟɧɝɟɧɿ ɦɟɧ ԧɡ ɛɿɥɿɦɿ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ  ɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɬɟɪɿɧ ɨɪɬɚԑɚ ɫɚɥɵɩ
ɛɿɪɥɟɫɟɬɚɥԕɵɥɚɩɨɥɚɪɬɭɪɚɥɵɨɣɬɨɥԑɚɭɵɧɚɦԛɦɤɿɧɞɿɤɠɚɫɚɭ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭ ɛɿɪɥɟɫɟ Οɣɪɟɧɭ ɢɞɟɹɥɚɪɵɧ ԝɫɬɚɧɚɞɵ Ȼɿɪɥɟɫɟ ԛɣɪɟɧɭɞɟ ԥɪɛɿɪ
ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɬɚɧɵɦɧɵԙ ɨԕɭԛɣɪɟɧɭɞɿԙ ɦɚɡɦԝɧɵɦɟɧԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵɧԥɬɢɠɟɫɿɧɟԧɡԛɥɟɫɿɧԕɨɫɵɩ
ɛɚɫԕɚɥɚɪɦɟɧԧɡɿɧɿԙɛɿɥɝɟɧɿɦɟɧɢɞɟɹɥɚɪɵɦɟɧɬԛɫɿɧɿɝɿɦɟɧɚɥɦɚɫɚɞɵɠɨԑɚɪɵɧԥɬɢɠɟɝɟ ɛɿɥɿɦɝɟ 
ԕɚɥɚɣɠɟɬɟɚɥɚɬɵɧɞɵԑɵɧɚɧɵԕɬɚɣɞɵɆԝɧɞɚɣԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɬɚԑɵɛɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɛɿɪɿɧ
ɛɿɪɿɠɚԕɬɵɪɭԧɡɚɪɚɫɵɣɥɚɫɵɦɞɵԕɩɟɧԕɨɥɞɚɭɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɚɫɵɧɞɚԧɬɿɩɠɚԙɚɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɝɟɠɚԑɞɚɣ
ɠɚɫɚɣɞɵ


ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɤԧɩɬɟɝɟɧɠԝɦɵɫɬԛɪɥɟɪɿɦɟɧԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɚɪԕɵɥɵɠԛɡɟɝɟɚɫɵɪɵ
ɥɚɞɵ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɧ ɛɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧ ɠΡɦɵɫɬɚɪ ɠΡɩɬɵΙ ɬɨɩɬɵΙ ɛΟɤɿɥ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɹɧɵΝ  ɠɟɤɟ ɠΩɧɟ
ɛɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧɿɡɞɟɧɿɫɩɟɧɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɠΡɦɵɫɬɚɪɵɫɢɬɭɚɬɢɜɬɿɤɠΩɧɟɪΫɥɞɿɤɨɣɵɧɞɚɪɚΙɩɚɪɚɬɬɵΝ
ΩɪɬΟɪɥɿ ɤΫɡɞɟɪɿɦɟɧ ɠΡɦɵɫ ɠɚɫɚɭ ɤɿɬɚɩ ɥɟɤɰɢɹ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬ ΙΡɠɚɬɬɚɪ ɦΡɪɚΕɚɬ ɛɚɫΙɚ
ɚɞɚɦɞɚɪɨΙɭɲɵɥɚɪɦΡΕɚɥɿɦɞɟɪɦɚɦɚɧɞɚɪɬɛ ɲɵΕɚɪɦɚɲɵɥɵΙɠΡɦɵɫɬɚɪɬɛ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɞɚԛɣɪɟɧɭɞɟɛɿɥɿɦɚɥɭɲɵɥɚɪɦɵɧɚɧɞɚɣɛɿɥɿɦɛɿɥɿɤɞɚԑɞɵԕԝɡɵɪɥɵɥɵԕ
ɦɚɲɵԕɬɚɪɞɵɢɟɦɞɟɧɟɞɿɬɟɪɟΝɠΩɧɟɠΟɣɟɥɿɨɣɥɚɧɭɚΙɩɚɪɚɬɬɵΫɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧɬΟɫɿɧɿɩɨɧɵɬɚɪɚɡɵɥɚɩɟɤɲɟɩɨɧɵΝɿɲɿɧɟɧɤɟɪɟɤɬɿɫɿɧɬɚΝɞɚɩɚɥɭɚΙɩɚɪɚɬɬɵɠɚɧɠɚΙɬɵɬɚɥɞɚɭɠΩɧɟ
ɛɚΕɚɥɚɭΫɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧɠɚΝɚɬΟɫɿɧɿɤɩɟɧɛɿɥɿɦΙΡɪɚɫɬɵɪɭɩɿɤɿɪɬɚɥɚɫɬɚɪΕɚΙɚɬɵɫɵɩΫɡɨɣɵɦɟɧ
ɩɿɤɿɪɥɟɪɿɧɞΩɥɟɥɞɟɭɲɟɲɿɦΙɚɛɵɥɞɚɭɠΩɧɟΙɢɵɧɦΩɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɞɿɲɟɲɭΫɡɛɿɥɿɦɿɧɟΫɦɿɪɿɧɟɞɟɝɟɧ
ɠɚɭɚɩɤɟɪɲɿɥɿɤɬɿɬɟɪɟΝɿɧɟɧɫɟɡɿɧɭɛɚɫΙɚɥɚɪɦɟɧɬɢɿɦɞɿΙɚɪɵɦΙɚɬɵɧɚɫΙΡɪɭȻԝɥɞɚԑɞɵɥɚɪ
ɦɟɧԕԝɡɵɪɟɬɬɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɛɨɥɚɲɚԕɬɚɛɿɥɿɦɚɥɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵɛԛɝɿɧɝɿɤԛɧɿɬɿɩɬɿɞɟɛɨɥɠɚɭԑɚɦԛɦɤɿɧɟɦɟɫ
ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɥɚɪɞɵԙɲɟɲɿɦɞɟɪɿɧɬɚɛɭԑɚɠɟɬɟɥɟɣɞɿ
Ԕɨɥɵԙɵɡɞɚԑɵɤɿɬɚɩɬɵԙɛɚɫɬɵɦɚԕɫɚɬɵ±ɦɟɤɬɟɩɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɞɟɪɿɧɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭ
ɞɵԙɧɟɝɿɡɝɿɢɞɟɹɥɚɪɵɦɟɧԥɞɿɫɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪɿɦɟɧɬɚɧɵɫɬɵɪɵɩɨɥɚɪɞɵԧɡɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɫɿɧɞɟԕɨɥɞɚɧɭԑɚ
ɲɚԕɵɪɭ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭ ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɤɟɡɟɤɬɬɟ ɞɢɚɥɨɝԕɚ ɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɟɬɿɧɞɿɤɬɟɧ ɚɜɬɨɪ ɨԕɭ ԕԝɪɚ
ɥɵɧɞɚԧɡɨԕɵɪɦɚɧɞɚɪɵɦɟɧΩΝɝɿɦɟɫΡɯɛɚɬԕԝɪɭԑɚɧɢɟɬɬɟɥɞɿɈɫɵɦɚԕɫɚɬɬɚɚɜɬɨɪɛɚɫԕɚɤɿɬɚɩ
ɬɚɪɵɧɞɚԑɵɞɚɣɦԝɧɞɚɞɚɤԛɪɞɟɥɿԑɵɥɵɦɢɫɬɢɥɶɞɟɧɫɚɧɚɥɵɬԛɪɞɟɛɚɫɬɚɪɬɵɩɛɚɹɧɞɚɭɞɵԙ
ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿɬԥɫɿɥɿɪɟɬɿɧɞɟɨԕɵɪɦɚɧԑɚɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥԑɚɧɷɫɫɟɢɫɬɿɤɫɬɢɥɶɞɿɬɚԙɞɚɞɵȻԝɥɫɬɢɥɶɞɿԕɨɥɞɚɧɭ
ɚɪԕɵɥɵɚɜɬɨɪɨԕɵɪɦɚɧɦɟɧɞɢɚɥɨɝԕԝɪɵɩɫԝɯɛɚɬɬɚɫɭɞɵɦɚԕɫɚɬɬԝɬɬɵɨԕɵɪɦɚɧɞɚɪɦɟɧԧɡɿɧɿԙ
ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɬɿɨɣɥɚɪɵɦɟɧɛԧɥɿɫɭɝɟԝɦɬɵɥɞɵ
Ɇԝɧɞɚɣɲɟɲɿɦɞɟɪɞɿԙԧɦɿɪɲɟԙɞɿɝɿɦɟɧԝɬɵɦɞɵɥɵԑɵɧɚɨԕɭԕԝɪɚɥɵɧɵԙɩɚɣɞɚɫɵɦɟɧԕɚ
ɠɟɬɬɿɥɿɝɿɧɟɨԕɵɪɦɚɧɞɚɪԥɞɿɥɛɚԑɚɛɟɪɿɩԧɡɨɣɥɚɪɵɦɟɧɩɿɤɿɪɥɟɪɿɧɤɟɥɬɿɪɟɞɿɞɟɝɟɧԛɦɿɬɩɟɧɚɜ
ɬɨɪ ɛɚɪɥɵԕ ɟɫɤɟɪɬɩɟ ɦɟɧ ԝɫɵɧɵɫɬɚɪɞɵ ɪɢɡɚɲɵɥɵԕɩɟɧ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɣɬɵɧɞɵԑɵɧ ɛɿɥɞɿɪɿɩ ԧɡɿɧɿԙ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɵԕɩɨɲɬɚɫɵɧɠɚɪɢɹɥɚɭɞɵɠԧɧɤԧɪɞɿDODVNDB#PDLOUX



ɂɇɌȿɊȻȿɅɋȿɇȾȱԤȾȱɋɌȿɆȿɇȱԘɇȿȽȱɁȽȱɆԤɋȿɅȿɅȿɊȱ
Ȼԛɝɿɧɝɿɤԛɧɟɪɟɤɲɟɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɦɟɧɨԕɵɬɭɞɵԙɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɫɿ
Ԕɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɫɵɧɞɚ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɛɟɪɭɞɿ  ɠɵɥɞɚɪɞɚ ɞɚɦɵɬɭɞɵԙ ɦɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɬɿɤ
ɛɚԑɞɚɪɥɚɦɚɫɵɧɞɚԥɥɟɦɞɿɤɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɧɿԙɛɚɥɚɤɟɡɞɟɧɛɚɫɬɚɩɟɪɟɫɟɤɠɚɫԕɚɞɟɣɿɧɚɞɚɦɧɵԙɛɿɥɿɦɿɧɟ
ɠɚɫɚɥԑɚɧɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵԙɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɠԥɧɟԕɨԑɚɦԧɦɿɪɿɧɟɟɥɟɭɥɿԧɡɝɟɪɿɫɬɟɪɟɧɝɿɡɟɞɿɞɟɩɚɣ
ɬɵɥԑɚɧ
ȺɞɚɦɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɵɧɚɫɚɥɵɧԑɚɧɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɹɥɚɪɦԛɦɤɿɧɟԙԕɚɣɬɚɪɵɦɞɵɛɨɥɚɪɆԥɫɟɥɟɧɛɿɥɿɦ
ɚɥɭԑɚɠɿɛɟɪɿɥɝɟɧɲɵԑɵɧɞɚɪԧɡɤɟɡɟɝɿɧɞɟɟɫɟɛɨɥɵɩԕɚɣɬɵɩɨɪɚɥɚɞɵɞɟɝɟɧԝԑɵɦɛԛɝɿɧɞɟɟɥɫɚ
ɧɚɫɵɧɞɚɦɵԕɬɚɩɨɪɵɧɚɥԑɚɧȻԝɥɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɹɥɚɪɬɟɡԧɡɝɟɪɿɩɠɚɬԕɚɧɡɚɦɚɧɞɚɬɟɯɧɢɤɚɥɵԕɬԝɪԑɵ
ɞɚɧɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɬɿԥɪɿԧɧɿɦɞɿɠԝɦɵɫɤԛɲɿɧԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭԛɲɿɧԕɚɠɟɬɞɟɣɞɿɆɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɬɿɤɛɚԑɞɚɪ
ɥɚɦɚɹԑɧɢɛɿɥɿɦɞɿɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɞɿԥɥɟɭɦɟɬɬɿɤԕɚɠɟɬɬɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɝɟɠɚɫɚԑɚɧɲɵԑɵɧɞɚɪɞɟɩɬԛɫɿɧɛɟɣ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɥɵԕɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɟɩԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɭԕɚɠɟɬȻԛɝɿɧɝɿɤԛɧɿɛɿɥɿɦɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɥɵԕɩɚɣɞɚɦɟɧ
ɠԝɦɵɫԧɧɿɦɞɿɥɿɝɿɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚɬɵԑɵɡɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɛɚɪɟɤɟɧɞɿɝɿɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɧɿɩɨɬɵɪ
©Ȼɿɥɿɦ ɠԛɣɟɫɿ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɚɪɬɵԕɲɵɥɵԕɬɚɪɦɟɧ ԕɚɬɚɪ ԥɥɟɭɦɟɬɬɿɤ ɩɚɣɞɚ ɞɚ ɛɟɪɟɞɿª ±
ɞɟɥɿɧɝɟɧɆɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɬɿɤɛɚԑɞɚɪɥɚɦɚɞɚȻɿɥɿɦɠԛɣɟɫɿԥɥɟɭɦɟɬɬɿɤɤɚɩɢɬɚɥԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɭɞɵԙɛɿɪɞɟɧɛɿɪ
ɫɟɛɟɩɤɟɪɿɛɨɥɚɞɵɚɥɛԝɥɤɚɩɢɬɚɥԕɨԑɚɦɞɚԑɵɦɵɧɚɧɞɚɣɢɝɿԧɡɝɟɪɿɫɬɟɪɞɟɧɬԝɪɚɞɵɚɡɚɦɚɬɬɚɪɞɵԙ
ɛɢɥɿɤɤɟԕɚɬɵɫɭԛɥɟɫɿɠɨԑɚɪɵɥɚɣɞɵԕɨԑɚɦɛɿɪɥɿɝɿԧɫɟɞɿԕɵɥɦɵɫɞɟԙɝɟɣɿɬԧɦɟɧɞɟɣɞɿ
ȿɝɟɪɞɟɛɿɡԔɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧɞɵɠɵɥɵɛɿɥɿɦɞɿɟɥɚԕɵɥɞɵɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɠԥɧɟɠɨԑɚɪɵɛɿɥɿɤɬɿɠԝ
ɦɵɫɤԛɲɿɛɚɪɦɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɞɟɩɤԧɪɝɿɦɿɡɤɟɥɫɟɨɧɞɚɛɿɥɿɦɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɞɚɦɵɬɭɵɦɵɡԕɚɠɟɬ
Ɇԝɧɞɚɣɦɚԕɫɚɬɬɚɨԕɭɨɪɵɧɞɚɪɵɛɿɪɿɧɲɿɤɟɡɟɤɬɟԛɣɪɟɧɭɦɟɧԛɣɪɟɬɭɞɿԙɛɚɫɬɵԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɫɿɦɟɧ
ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹɫɵɪɟɬɿɧɞɟɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɧɿɬɚԙɞɚɭɵԕɚɠɟɬ©ɇɟɥɿɤɬɟɧɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɞɿɫ
ɬɟɦɟɠɨԑɚɪɵɨԕɭɨɪɵɧɞɚɪɵɧɵԙɧɟɝɿɡɝɿԝɫɬɚɧɵɦɵɧɚɚɣɧɚɥɭԕɚɠɟɬ"ªɞɟɝɟɧɫԝɪɚԕԕɚɠɚɭɚɩɛɟɪɭ
ԛɲɿɧɛԛɝɿɧɝɿԤɥɟɦɞɚɦɭɵɧɵԙɟɪɟɤɲɟɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɧɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɭɤɟɪɟɤɫɟɤɿɥɞɿȺɥԤɥɟɦɞɚɦɭɵɧɵԙɧɟ
ɝɿɡɝɿɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹɥɚɪɵɬԧɦɟɧɞɟɝɿɞɟɣ
ȺԔɉȺɊȺɌɌɕԘɆȿɃɅȱɇɒȿԦɋɍȱ
ȿɝɟɪ ɛԝɪɵɧɵɪɚԕɬɚ ɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԙ ɠɟɬɿɫɩɟɭɲɿɥɿɝɿ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɢɝɟɪɭɞɿԙ ɟԙ ɛɚɫɬɵ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɥɚɪɵɧɵԙ
ɛɿɪɿ ɛɨɥɫɚ ԥɪ ɩԥɧ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɟɤɿԛɲ ɨԕɭɥɵԕ ԕɚɧɚ ɞɟɪɟɤ ɤԧɡɞɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɠɟɬɿɫɩɟɭɲɿɥɿɝɿ  ɛԛɝɿɧɞɟ
ɤɟɪɿɫɿɧɲɟɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԙɚɞɚɦɧɵԙɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɵԕɦԛɦɤɿɧɲɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɧɟɧ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɧɚɞɚɦɦɢɵɧɵԙ ɲɚ
ɦɚɞɚɧɬɵɫɤԧɩɬɿɝɿɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɛɨɥɵɩɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵԔɚɡɿɪɝɿɡɚɦɚɧɞɚԑɵɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԙɨɪɚɫɚɧɡɨɪɦԧɥ
ɲɟɪɿ ɤɿɬɚɩɬɚɪɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɬɛ ɚɞɚɦɧɚɧɛԝɪɵɧԑɵɞɚɣɦɚԑɥԝɦɚɬɬɵɿɡɞɟɫɬɿɪɿɩԕɚɧɚԕɨɣɦɚɣԕɚɠɟɬɬɿ
ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɿɬɚԙɞɚɭɞɵɨɧɵɢɝɟɪɭɞɿԕɚɠɟɬɿɧɟɠɚɪɚɬɵɩɩɚɣɞɚɥɚɧɭɞɵɨɧɵɛɚԑɚɥɚɭɞɵɬɚɥɚɩɟɬɟɞɿ
Ȼԝԑɚɧԕɨɫɚԥɪɫɚɥɚɞɚɚԕɩɚɪɚɬԥɪɛɿɪɠɵɥɞɚԑɚɟɫɤɿɪɿɩɠԥɧɟɟɤɿɟɫɟԝɥԑɚɣɵɩɨɬɵɪɚɞɵ
ȻԝɥɬɭɪɚɥɵȿɥɛɚɫɵɠɵɥɵԤɥɎɚɪɚɛɢɚɬɵɧɞɚԑɵԔɚɡɚԕԝɥɬɬɵԕɦɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɬɿɤɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɿɧɞɟ
ɨԕɵԑɚɧɥɟɤɰɢɹɫɵɧɞɚɚɣɬɵɩɤɟɬɤɟɧɟɞɿ
Ⱥԕɩɚɪɚɬɞɚɦɭɵɧɵԙɦԝɧɞɚɣԕɚɪԕɵɧɵɫɚԕɬɚɥɚɬɵɧɛɨɥɫɚɨɧɞɚԑɚɥɵɦɞɚɪɞɵԙɩɿɤɿɪɿɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ
ɠɚԕɵɧɛɨɥɚɲɚԕɬɚɚԕɩɚɪɚɬԥɪɛɿɪɤԛɧɞɟɟɤɿɟɫɟɥɟɧɟɬɿɧɛɨɥɚɞɵɚɥɛԝɥɞɟɝɟɧɿԙɿɡɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԙ
ɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɞɿԙɧɟɝɿɡɝɿɦɚԕɫɚɬɵɛɨɥɦɚɣɬɵɧɞɵԑɵɧɦɟԙɡɟɣɞɿɋɨɧɞɚɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɞɿԙɦɚɡɦԝɧɵɧɧɟ
ԕԝɪɚɭɵԕɚɠɟɬ"
ɀɵɥɫɚɣɵɧɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɹɥɵԕɠɵɥɞɚɦԕԝɪɚɥɞɚɪ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɠԥɧɟɛɚɫԕɚɞɚɠɨԑɚɪɵɬɟɯɧɨɥɨ
ɝɢɹɥɚɪKLWHFKԝɹɥɵɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɩɥɚɧɲɟɬɬɟɪɿIRQLSDGɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɬɛɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɚɪԕɵɥɵɫɚɭ
ɞɚɠɚɫɚɭɠԥɧɟɨԕɭ ɤԧɡɿɥɟɫɩɟɫɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԕɩɟɧɞɚɦɭɞɚɠɵɥɫɚɣɵɧɨɥɚɪɞɵԙɠɚԙɚɬԛɪɥɟɪɿɦɟɧ
ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹɥɚɪɵɩɚɣɞɚɛɨɥɭɞɚԔɚɡɿɪɞɟȻɚɬɵɫɦɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɞɿԙɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɟɪɿɧɞɟ©ɞԥɩɬɟɪªɠԥɧɟ
©ɤɿɬɚɩªԝԑɵɦɞɚɪɵɧɵԙɨɪɧɵɧ©ɩɥɚɧɲɟɬªԝԑɵɦɵɛɚɫԕɚɧɁɚɦɚɧɚɭɢɦɚɦɚɧɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԕɤɨɦɦɭɧɢ
ɤɚɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵԙɨɫɵɧɞɚɣɬԛɪɥɟɪɿɧɿԙԕԝɥɚԑɵɧɞɚɨɣɧɚɭɵԕɚɠɟɬɨɧɫɵɡɨɥɛԛɝɿɧɝɿɤԛɧɬɚɥɚɩɬɚɪɵɧɚ
ɫԥɣɤɟɫɤɟɥɦɟɣԕɚɥɭɵɵԕɬɢɦɚɥ


ԔɈԐȺɆȾȺɌԜɅԐȺɊԦɅȱɇȱԘԦɋɍȱ
Ȼԛɝɿɧɝɿ ɤԛɧ ɚɞɚɦ ɬԝɥԑɚ  ɪԧɥɿɧɿԙ Ԥɥɟɦ ɞɚɦɭɵɧɞɚ ԕɨԑɚɦ ɚɭԕɵɦɵɧɞɚ ɚɥɚɬɵɧ ɨɪɧɵ ɦɟɧ
ɪԧɥɿɧɿԙɦɚԙɵɡɵɤԛɪɬԧɫɭɿɦɟɧɟɪɟɤɲɟɥɟɧɟɞɿȻɿɪɤɟɡɞɟɪɞɟɬɚɦɚɲɚɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɂɄɚɧɬɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɝɟɧ
ԕɚԑɢɞɚɠԛɡɟɝɟɚɫɵɪɵɥɚɛɚɫɬɚԑɚɧɫɟɤɿɥɞɿ©Ⱥɞɚɦԥɪɤɟɡɞɟɦɚԕɫɚɬɛɨɥɵɩɟɲԕɚɲɚɧԕԝɪɚɥɛɨɥ
ɦɚɭɵԕɚɠɟɬª
Ԕɚɡɿɪɝɿɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɚɞɚɦԑɚɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥɭɦɟɧɠԥɧɟԧɡɤɟɡɟɝɿɧɞɟɚɞɚɦɧɵԙԧɧɞɿɪɿɫɬɟɚɥɚɬɵɧɨɪ
ɧɵɧɵԙԧɡɝɟɪɭɿɦɟɧɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵȺɞɚɦɟɧɞɿɛԝɪɵɧԑɵɞɚɣԧɧɞɿɪɿɫɬɿԙԕԝɪɚɦɞɚɫɛԧɥɿɝɿɧɟɦɟɫɟ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɟɦɟɫɚɞɚɦɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɧɵԙɛɚɫɬɵԕԝɧɞɵɥɵԑɵɧɚɚɣɧɚɥɭɞɚ©Ȼԥɪɿɞɟɚɞɚɦԛɲɿɧ
ɚɞɚɦɢɝɿɥɿɝɿԛɲɿɧªɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɛԛɝɿɧɞɟɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚԛɲɿɧɟɦɟɫɚɞɚɦԛɲɿɧɞɚɦɭɞɚ
ԤɥɟɦɞɿɤɛɿɥɿɦɛɟɪɭɠԛɣɟɫɿɞɟɠɟɤɟɬԝɥԑɚɧɵԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥԑɚɧȻԝɥԝɫɬɚɧɵɦ
ԔɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧɊɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɫɵɧɵԙȻɿɥɿɦɬɭɪɚɥɵɁɚԙɵɧɞɚɠɚɧɠɚԕɬɵɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɥԑɚɧ©Ȼɿɥɿɦɛɟɪɭ
ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɿԙɛɚɫɬɵɦɿɧɞɟɬɿ±ԝɥɬɬɵԕɠԥɧɟɠɚɥɩɵɚɞɚɦɡɚɬɬɵԕԕԝɧɞɵɥɵԕɬɚɪԑɵɥɵɦɦɟɧ
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɠɟɬɿɫɬɿɤɬɟɪɿɧɟɝɿɡɿɧɞɟɠɟɤɟɚɞɚɦɞɵԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚɠԥɧɟɤԥɫɿɛɢɲɵԙɞɚɭԑɚ
ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥԑɚɧɛɿɥɿɦɚɥɭԛɲɿɧԕɚɠɟɬɬɿɠɚԑɞɚɣɥɚɪɠɚɫɚɭɨԕɵɬɭɞɵԙɠɚԙɚɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɚɪɵɧ
ɟɧɝɿɡɭɛɿɥɿɦɛɟɪɭɞɿɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɚɧɞɵɪɭɯɚɥɵԕɚɪɚɥɵԕԑɚɥɚɦɞɵԕɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɹɥɵԕɠɟɥɿɥɟɪɝɟ
ɲɵԑɭª
Ɉԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɞɚԛɣɪɟɧɭԛɣɪɟɬɭɞɟɛɚɫɬɵɧɚɡɚɪɛɿɥɿɦɚɥɭɲɵԑɚɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥԑɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɧɛԝɥɩɪɨ
ɰɟɫɬɿԙɦɚɡɦԝɧɵɠɟɤɟɬԝɥԑɚɧɵɞɚɦɵɬɭɚɭԕɵɦɵɧɞɚԕԝɪɚɥɚɞɵȺɥɬԝɥԑɚɧɵԙɞɚɦɭɵԧɡɤɟɡɟɝɿɧ
ɞɟɨɧɵԙɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɦɟɧɬɵԑɵɡɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵԧɣɬɤɟɧɿɚɞɚɦɛɿɪɿɧɲɿɤɟɡɟɤɬɟԧɡԕɨɥɵɦɟɧ
ɠɚɫɚԑɚɧɞɵɟɥɟɣɞɿɟɫɤɟɪɟɞɿɟɫɬɟɫɚԕɬɚɣɞɵɋɨɥɫɟɛɟɩɬɿɞɟɛԛɝɿɧɞɟɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɞɟɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥ
ɫɟɧɞɿԥɞɿɫɬɟɪɞɿԙɦɚԙɵɡɞɵɥɵԑɵɞɚɭɬɭԑɵɡɛɚɣɬɵɧɚɤɫɢɨɦɚ
ȺɥɚɣɞɚԥɥɿɞɟɛɿɡɞɟԔɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧɊɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɫɵɧɞɚɛɿɥɿɦɛɟɪɭɞɿɠɵɥɞɚɪɞɚɞɚɦɵ
ɬɭɞɵԙɦɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɬɿɤɛɚԑɞɚɪɥɚɦɚɫɵɧɞɚɚɣɬɵɥԑɚɧɞɚɣ©ɨԕɵɬɭɬԝɥԑɚɧɵɞɚɦɵɬɭԑɚɟɦɟɫɮɨɪɦɚɥ
ɞɵɧԥɬɢɠɟɥɟɪɚɥɭԑɚɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥԑɚɧª
Ⱥɞɚɦɦɢɵɧɵԙɦԛɦɤɿɧɲɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɧɛԝɪɵɧԑɵɞɚɧɬɢɿɦɞɿɩɚɣɞɚɥɚɧɭɦԥɫɟɥɟɫɿ±ɚɞɚɦɡɚɬ
ɬɵԙɧɟɝɿɡɝɿɦɿɧɞɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɿԙɛɿɪɿ
Ⱥɞɚɦ ɦɢɵɧɵԙ ɨɪɬɚɲɚ ɟɫɟɩɩɟɧ ɬɟɤ ɵ ԑɚɧɚ ɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ɠԝɦɵɫ ɚɬԕɚɪɚɞɵ ɟɤɟɧ Ԕɚɥԑɚɧ
ɛԧɥɿɝɿɧɿԙԕɚɥԑɵɩɦԛɥɝɿɩɠɚɬԕɚɧɵԑɨɣ"ȿɝɟɪɞɟɚɞɚɦԧɡɦɢɵɧɨɫɵɤԧɪɫɟɬɤɿɲɬɟɧɟɫɟɥɟɩɞɚ
ɦɵɬɚɬɵɧɛɨɥɫɚɨɧɞɚɨɥɤɟɪɟɦɟɬԕɚɫɢɟɬɬɟɪɞɿɢɟɦɞɟɧɟɬɿɧɲɵԑɚɪɆɵɫɚɥɵɛɿɡɪɭɯɚɧɢɬԝɪԑɵ
ɞɚɧɚɫԕɚԕɬɚɩɫɨɧɵԙɫɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɚɧɠɟɪɛɟɬɿɧɞɟɠɚɦɚɧɲɵɥɵԕɩɟɧɡԝɥɵɦɞɵԕɬɵɩɬɢɩɵɥɛɨɥɵɩ
ɠɨɣɵɥɚɬɵɧɲɵԑɚɪ©Ⱥɞɚɦɚɞɚɦԑɚ±ɞɨɫɛɚɭɵɪɠԥɧɟɠɨɥɞɚɫªɞɟɝɟɧԕɚԑɢɞɚԑɚɲɵɧɚɣɵɬԛɪɞɟ
ɠԛɡɟɝɟ ɚɫɵɪɵɥɚɬɵɧ  ɛɨɥɚɪ Ȼɿɡ ɛɿɪɛɿɪɿɦɿɡɞɿԙ ɨɣɵɦɵɡɞɵ ԕɚɲɵԕɬɵԕɬɚɧ ɛɿɥɿɩ ɧɟɦɟɫɟ ɀɟɪ
ɬɚɪɬɵɥɵɫɵɧɠɟԙɿɩɟɲɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɫɵɡɲɚɪɵԕɬɚɣԝɲɚɛɿɥɟɬɿɧɲɵԑɚɪɦɵɡ
Ȼԛɝɿɧɞɟɚɞɚɦɦɢɵɧɵԙԕԝɩɢɹɥɚɪɵɧɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɠԥɧɟɨɧɵԙɦԛɦɤɿɧɲɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɧɬɢɿɦɞɿɩɚɣɞɚɥɚ
ɧɭ±ɚɞɚɦɡɚɬɬɵԙɧɟɝɿɡɝɿɦɚԕɫɚɬɬɚɪɵɧɵԙɛɿɪɿ
Ɍԝɥԑɚɧɵ ɛɚԑɚɥɚɭɞɚ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɞɵ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɬɟɧ ,4  ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɞɵ ɤɨɷɮɮɢ
ɰɢɟɧɬɤɟ (4 ɤԧɲɭ
Ʉɟɲɟɬԝɥԑɚɧɵԙ©ɦɢɵª©ɛɚɫɵª©ɚԕɵɥɵª©ɡɢɹɬɵª©ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɿªɛɿɪɿɧɲɿɨɪɵɧɞɚɟɞɿȺɥ
ɛԛɝɿɧɞɟ ɚɞɚɦɞɵ ɛɚԑɚɥɚɭɞɚ ɛɿɡ ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɤɟɡɟɤɬɟ ɨɧɵԙ ɿɲɤɿ ɠɚɧ ɞԛɧɢɟɫɿɧ ɢɦɚɧɵ ɦɟɧ ɪɭɯɚɧɢ
ɚɯɭɚɥɵɧɚɞɚɦɝɟɪɲɿɥɿɤԕɚɫɢɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɟɫɤɟɪɟɦɿɡɋɨɥɫɟɛɟɩɬɿɞɟԕɚɡɿɪɝɿԕɨԑɚɦԑɚɬɟɤɛɿɥɿɦɞɿԥɪɿ
ɛɿɥɿɤɬɿ ɦɚɦɚɧɞɚɪ ԑɚɧɚ ԕɚɠɟɬ ɟɦɟɫ Ԕɨԑɚɦԑɚ ɛԛɝɿɧɞɟ ɚɞɚɦɢ ɬԝɪԑɵɞɚɧ ɚԕɚɭɫɵɡ ɬԝɥԑɚɥɚɪ ɦɟɧ
ɚɡɚɦɚɬɬɚɪɤɟɪɟɤɋɨɥɫɟɛɟɩɬɿɞɟɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɟɬԥɪɛɢɟɠԝɦɵɫɵɧ ɹԑɧɢɠɚɥɩɵɚɞɚɦɝɟɪɲɿɥɿɤԕɚԑɢ
ɞɚɥɚɪɵɧɚɫɚɣԧɦɿɪɝɟɞɟɝɟɧɦɨɪɚɥɞɿɤɪɭɯɚɧɢɤԧɡԕɚɪɚɫԕԝɧɞɵɥɵԕɬɚɪɠԛɣɟɫɿɧԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭ
ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿ  ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɨɪɵɧԑɚ ԕɨɸ ԕɚɠɟɬ Ԑԝɥɚɦɚ ԤɥɎɚɪɚɛɢɞɿԙ ©Ɍԥɪɛɢɟɫɿɡ ɛɟɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɛɿɥɿɦ ±
ɚɞɚɦɧɵԙԕɚɫɠɚɭɵªɞɟɝɟɧɚɬɚɥɵɫԧɡɞɟɪɿɛԛɝɿɧɞɟɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɿԙɟԙɛɚɫɬɵԕɚԑɢɞɚɫɵɧɚ
ɚɣɧɚɥԑɚɧȺɛɚɣɞɵԙɞɚɧɟɝɿɡɝɿԧɦɿɪɥɿɤɪɭɯɚɧɢԕɚԑɢɞɚɫɵ©Ⱥɞɚɦɛɨɥªɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɿɛɨɥԑɚɧɠɨԕ
ɩɚɟɞɿ"



ȻȱɅȱɆɀԚɃȿɋȱɇȾȿȽȱԦɁȽȿɊȱɋɌȿɊ
ɊȿɉɊɈȾɍɄɌɂȼɌȱɄɈԔɕɌɍȾȺɇɄɈɇɋɌɊɍɄɌɂȼɌȱɄ
ɋɕɇȾȺɊɅɕ ɈԔɍԐȺɄԦɒɍ
Ȼԛɝɿɧɝɿ ɤԛɧɿ ɛɿɥɿɦɞɿ ɞɚɣɵɧ ԕɚɥɩɵɧɞɚ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɦɚɣ ɨɧɵ ԧɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧ ԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɭɞɵԙ ɬԝɥԑɚ
ɧɵ ɞɚɦɵɬɚɬɵɧɞɵԑɵ ԧɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧ ԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥԑɚɧ ɛɿɥɿɦɧɿԙ ɟɫɬɟ ԝɡɚԕ ɦɟɪɡɿɦɞɟ ɫɚԕɬɚɥɚɬɵɧɞɵԑɵ
ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɧɿɩ ɨɬɵɪ Ԕɚɣɬɚɥɚɭ ɦɟɧ ɠɚɬɬɚɭԑɚ ɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɝɟɧ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɪɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɬɿɤ  ɬɟɤ ɟɫɬɟ ɫɚԕɬɚɭ
ɞԥɪɟɠɟɫɿɧɞɟ ɛɨɥɫɚ ԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥԑɚɧ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɬɿɤ ɧɟɦɟɫɟ ɫɵɧɞɚɪɥɵ  ɛɿɥɿɦ ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɞɟɧ
ɬԛɫɿɧɭԕɨɥɞɚɧɭɬɚɥɞɚɭɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɧɟɝɿɡɿɧɞɟɠɚԙɚɦɚɡɦԝɧԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɭɠԥɧɟɛɚԑɚɥɚɭɫɟɤɿɥɞɿɛɟɥɫɟɧ
ɞɿԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɞɿɬɚɥɚɩɟɬɟɞɿԔɚɣɬɚɥɚɭɟɦɟɫԧɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧɛɿɥɿɦԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɭԕɚɠɟɬɛԝɥɤԛɧɞɟȺɥɛԝɥ
ɦɚԕɫɚɬԕɚԥɪɫɚɛɚԕɬɚɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɧɿԕɨɥɞɚɧɭɚɪԕɵɥɵԑɚɧɚɠɟɬɭɝɟɛɨɥɚɞɵ
Ȼɿɥɿɦɞɿɤɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɚɞɚɧɬɚɧɵɦɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɟԕɚɬɵɫɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɬɚ
ɥɚɩɟɬɟɬɿɧԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɿɤɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɚԑɚɤԧɲɭ
Ʉԛɧɿɤɟɲɟɟԙɛɚɫɬɵɦɚԕɫɚɬԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɟԕɚɧɞɚɣɞɚɛɨɥɦɚɫɵɧɛɿɥɿɦԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭɟɞɿ
ɹԑɧɢɲԥɤɿɪɬɬɟɪɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɩɟɧɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ ɮɚɤɬɿɥɟɪɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɥɚɪɚɧɵԕɬɚɦɚɥɚɪɫɚɧɞɚɪɦɟɧɞɚ
ɬɚɥɚɪɟɪɟɠɟɥɟɪɞɿ ɟɫɿɧɞɟɫɚԕɬɚɭɵԕɚɠɟɬɟɞɿɋɨɥɫɟɛɟɩɬɿԝɫɬɚɡɞɚɪɛɿɥɿɦɦɚɡɦԝɧɵɧԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɭ
ɦɟɧɲԝԑɵɥɞɚɧɚɬɵɧɲԥɤɿɪɬɬɟɪɞɿԙɛɿɥɿɦɿԕɚɧɞɚɣɞԥɪɟɠɟɞɟɛɨɥɭɵɤɟɪɟɤɬɿɝɿɧɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɣɬɵɧɟԙ
ɛɚɫɬɵɦԥɫɟɥɟ©ɛɿɥɭªɟɞɿ
Ԕɚɡɿɪɞɟɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɿԙɟԙɛɚɫɬɵɦԥɫɟɥɟɫɿɦɟɧɦɚԕɫɚɬɵԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɿԙɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ
ԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɧԝɣɵɦɞɚɫɬɵɪɭɛɨɥɵɩɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵȻɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɚɪԕɵɥɵɲԥɤɿɪɬɬɟɪɛɿɥɿɦɞɿԧɡɞɿ
ɝɿɦɟɧɦɟԙɝɟɪɟɞɿԛɣɪɟɧɟɞɿɇɟɝɿɡɝɿԕɚԑɢɞɚ©ɧɟɛɿɥɭªɟɦɟɫ©ɧɟɠɚɫɚɣɛɿɥɭª
Ɉԕɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɿԙɦɚɡɦԝɧɵɧɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɠԝɦɵɫɬɚɪɵԕԝɪɚɣɞɵ
Ȼԝɪɵɧɵɪɚԕɬɚ ɤɟɡ ɤɟɥɝɟɧ ɫɚɛɚԕ ɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɩɟɧ ɬɚɧɵɫɵɩ ɫɨɥ ɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԕɚɣɬɚɥɚɭ ɧɵɫɚɧɵɧɞɚ
ԝɣɵɦɞɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɵɩ ɨɬɵɪɵɥԑɚɧ Ⱥɥ ԕɚɡɿɪ ɫɚɛɚԕ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɟ ɚɣɧɚɥԑɚɧ ԥɪ ɫɚɛɚԕɬɚ ԛɣɪɟ
ɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɿԙɤɟɥɟɫɿԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɦɟɧɲԝԑɵɥɞɚɧԑɚɧɞɵԑɵɞԝɪɵɫ
‡ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɠɨɛɚɫɵɧɠɚɡɭ
‡ ԑɵɥɵɦɢɠԝɦɵɫɬɚɪԑɚɚɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹɦɟɧɩɿɤɿɪ ɪɟɰɟɧɡɢɹ ɠɚɡɭ
‡ ԥɞɟɛɢɟɬɤԧɡɞɟɪɿɧɬɚɥɞɚɭɤɚɪɬɚɫɵɧԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɭ
‡ ԑɵɥɵɦɢɩɿɤɿɪɬɚɥɚɫɬɚɪԝɣɵɦɞɚɫɬɵɪɭ
‡ ɩɨɪɬɮɨɥɢɨԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɭ
‡ ɦɚԕɚɥɚɪɟɮɟɪɚɬɛɚɹɧɞɚɦɚɫɰɟɧɚɪɢɣɠɚɡɭ
‡ ©Ԕɚɡɚԕɲɚɍɢɤɢɩɟɞɢɹԑɚªɦɚԕɚɥɚɠɚɡɭ
‡ ɫɚɭɚɥɧɚɦɚɬɟɫɬɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɚɥɵԕԕԝɪɚɥɠɨɫɩɚɪɛɚԑɞɚɪɥɚɦɚɥɚɪԥɡɿɪɥɟɭ
‡ ɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɥɟɪɠɚɫɚɩɨɥɚɪɞɵɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɭɬɚɥɞɚɭɠԥɧɟɛɚԑɚɥɚɭɬɛ
Ɇɚԕɫɚɬɬɵԙԧɡɝɟɪɭɿɡɢɹɬɤɟɪɥɿ ɩɚɪɚɫɚɬɬɵɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɞɵ ɬԝɥԑɚɞɚɧɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɢɹɥɵ
ɬԝɥԑɚԑɚɤԧɲɭ
ɌԝɥԑɚɧɵԙɬɟɤɛɿɥɿɦɞɿɛɨɥɭɵɛԛɝɿɧɞɟɠɟɬɤɿɥɿɤɫɿɡȻɿɥɿɦɛɟɪɭɚɥɭɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɿԙɛɚɫɬɵɦɚԕɫɚɬɵ±
ɦɵɧɚɧɞɚɣɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɢɹɥɵԕԕɚɫɢɟɬɬɟɪɿɛɚɪɬԝɥԑɚԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɭԑɚɦɟɣɥɿɧɲɟɬɢɿɦɞɿɠɚԑɞɚɣɥɚɪɠɚɫɚɭ
‡ ԧɡɿɧɟԧɡɿɟɫɟɩɛɟɪɿɩɨɣɥɚɪɵɦɟɧԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɬɚɥɞɚɣɛɿɥɟɬɿɧ
‡ ԧɡɿɧԧɡɿɛɚԑɚɥɚɣɚɥɚɬɵɧ
‡ ԧɡɿɧɿԙɦԛɦɤɿɧɲɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɦɟɧԕɚɛɿɥɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɠԛɡɟɝɟɚɫɵɪɵɩԧɪɤɟɧɞɟɣɛɿɥɟɬɿɧ
‡ ԧɡԧɦɿɪɿɦɟɧɿɫԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɟɲɤɿɦɝɟɞɟɠԛɝɿɧɛɟɣԧɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧɠɨɫɩɚɪɥɚɣɚɥɚɬɵɧ
ɠɚɭɚɩɤɟɪɲɿɥɿɝɿɠɨԑɚɪɵ
ɆԝɧɞɚɣɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɢɹɥɵԕԕɚɫɢɟɬɬɟɪɞɿɛɨɣɵɧɞɚԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪԑɚɧɬԝɥԑɚɠɚԙɚԤɥɟɦɠɚԑɞɚɣɵɧ
ɞɚԧɦɿɪɞɟɝɿԧɡɨɪɧɵɧɬɚɭɵɩԕɨԑɚɦɢɝɿɥɿɝɿɧɟɧԥɬɢɠɟɥɿɟԙɛɟɝɿɦɟɧԕɵɡɦɟɬɠɚɫɚɣɞɵ
Ȼԛɝɿɧɝɿɤԛɧɿɦɚɦɚɧԑɚԕɨɣɵɥɚɬɵɧɬɚɥɚɩɬɚɪɛɿɥɿɦɦɟɧɠԝɦɵɫɠɚɫɚɭɛɚԑɵɬɵɧɚɚɭɵɫԕɚɧ
Ⱦɚɦɵԑɚɧɟɥɞɟɪɞɿԙɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɫɵɧɚԕɬɵɟɦɟɫɠɚԑɞɚɣɞɚɠԝɦɵɫɠɚɫɚɣɛɿɥɟɬɿɧɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɧɵ
ɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɣ ɛɿɥɿɩ ɨɧɵ ɲɟɲɭ ɠɨɥɞɚɪɵɧ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɩ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹɥɵԕ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɪɞɵ ɚɣԕɵɧɞɚɣ ɛɿɥɟɬɿɧ
ɦɚɦɚɧɞɚɪɞɵɤԧɩɬɟɩԕɚɠɟɬɟɬɭɞɟ


Ԕɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɫɵ ɞɚ ɛɿɥɿɦɦɟɧ ɠԝɦɵɫ ɠɚɫɚɣ ɚɥɚɬɵɧ ɛɿɥɿɦɞɿ  ɧɚԕɬɵ ɠԝɦɵɫԕɚ ɚɣ
ɧɚɥɞɵɪɚ ɛɿɥɟɬɿɧ ɦɚɦɚɧɞɚɪɞɵ ԕɚɠɟɬ ɟɬɟɞɿ Ԕɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɫɵɧɞɚ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɛɟɪɭɞɿ 
ɠɵɥɞɚɪɞɚɞɚɦɵɬɭɞɵԙɦɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɬɿɤɛɚԑɞɚɪɥɚɦɚɫɵɚɭԕɵɦɵɧɞɚɛɿɥɿɦɚɥɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙɨԕɭɞɵ
ɚɹԕɬɚԑɚɧɞɚԕɚɧɞɚɣԕԝɡɿɪɟɬɬɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɞɿɦɟԙɝɟɪɭɿԕɚɠɟɬɟɤɟɧɞɿɝɿɧɛɵɥɚɣɲɚɤԧɪɫɟɬɭɝɟɛɨɥɚɞɵ
‡ ԔɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧɞɵԕɢɞɟɹɦɟɧԧɡɿɧɞɿɥɿɤɬɿԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭɧɟɝɿɡɿɧɞɟԧɡɈɬɚɧɵԛɲɿɧɠɚɭɚɩɤɟɪ
ɲɿɥɿɤɬɿԧɡɿɧɟɠԛɤɬɟɭɞɚɣɵɧɞɵԑɵ
‡ Ԧɡɿɧɞɿɤɬԝɪԑɵɞɚɧɬɚɧɵɦɞɵԕԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɝɟɞɚɣɵɧɛɨɥɭɵ
‡ ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɥɚɪɞɵɲɟɲɭɝɟɞɚɣɵɧɛɨɥɭɵ
‡ Ⱥԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԕɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɹɥɵԕɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɚɪɞɵɬԝɬɵɧɭɲɵɞɟԙɝɟɣɿɧɞɟɬɢɿɦɞɿԕɨɥɞɚ
ɧɭɞɚɣɵɧɞɵԑɵ
‡ Ɍԝɥԑɚɚɪɚɥɵԕԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚɫԕɚɚɭɵɡɲɚɠԥɧɟɠɚɡɛɚɲɚɬԛɪɞɟɞɚɣɵɧɛɨɥɭɵ ԕɚɡɚԕɨɪɵɫ
ɚԑɵɥɲɵɧɬɿɥɞɟɪɿɧɞɟ 
‡ Ԥɥɟɭɦɟɬɬɿɤԧɡɚɪɚԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɫɭɝɟɞɚɣɵɧɞɵԕ
‡ Ԧɡɿɧԧɡɿɞɚɦɵɬɭԧɪɤɟɧɞɟɬɭɠԛɡɟɝɟɚɫɵɪɭԑɚɞɚɣɵɧɞɵԕ
Ɇɿɧɟ ɛԛɝɿɧɝɿ ɡɚɦɚɧɧɵԙ ɨɫɵɧɞɚɣ ɟɪɟɤɲɟɥɿɤɬɟɪɿ ԛɣɪɟɧɭԛɣɪɟɬɭ ɿɫɿɧɞɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ԥɞɿ
ɫɬɟɦɟɧɿԙԕɚɠɟɬɬɿɥɿɝɿɧɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɣɬɿɧɬԥɪɿɡɞɿȻɚɪɥɵԕɞɟԙɝɟɣɥɟɪɞɟɨԕɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɲԥɤɿɪɬɬɟɪɞɿԙԧɡɞɿ
ɝɿɦɟɧɚɬԕɚɪɚɬɵɧɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɞɟɧԕԝɪɚɥɭɵԕɚɠɟɬ
ɂɇɌȿɊȻȿɅɋȿɇȾȱԤȾȱɋɌȿɆȿԦɁȺɊȺԤɊȿɄȿɌɌȿɋɍɆȿɇ
ԤɊȿɄȿɌȺɊԔɕɅɕԚɃɊȿɇɍԚɃɊȿɌɍ
Ȼɿɥɿɦɫɚɥɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɹɥɵԕԧɡɝɟɪɿɫɬɟɪɨԕɭɞɵԙɨԕɵɬɭɞɵԙɧɟɝɿɡɿɪɟɬɿɧɞɟɬԝɥԑɚɥɵԕ
ɞɚɦɭɞɵԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɞɵԧɣɬɤɟɧɿɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚɦɟɧԧɡɝɟɪɿɫɬɟɪɝɟɬɨɥɵɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԕɞԥɭɿɪɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɫɵ
ɚɞɚɦɧɵԙɛɿɥɿɦɞɿԥɪɿɛɿɥɿɤɬɿɬԝɥԑɚɫɵɧɚɬԥɭɟɥɞɿɛԝɥɞԥɭɿɪɞɿԙɢɞɟɨɥɨɝɢɹɥɵԕԥɥɟɭɦɟɬɬɿɤɫɚɹɫɢ
ɫԝɪɚɧɵɫɬɚɪɵɚɞɚɦɧɚɧɦɵɧɚɧɞɚɣԕԝɡɿɪɟɬɬɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɞɿɬɚɥɚɩɟɬɟɞɿ
‡ ɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԙɿɲɿɧɟɧԧɡɿɧɟԕɚɠɟɬɬɿɫɿɧɬɚԙɞɚɩɨɧɵɩɚɣɞɚɥɚɧɭ
‡ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɥɚɪɞɵɲɟɲɭɠԥɧɟɲɟɲɿɦԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɭ
‡ ԧɡɿɧɞɿɤɩɿɤɿɪɢɞɟɹɥɚɪɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɤɟɥɬɿɪɭɨɥɚɪɞɵɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɣɠԥɧɟԕɨɪԑɚɣɛɿɥɭ
‡ ɚɭɵɡɲɚɠԥɧɟɠɚɡɛɚɲɚɬԛɪɞɟԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚɫԕԝɪɚɛɿɥɭɛɿɪɥɟɫɟɠԝɦɵɫɠɚɫɚɣɛɿɥɭɠɚɧ
ɠɚɥɞɚɪɞɵɛɨɥɞɵɪɦɚɭ
‡ ԧɦɿɪɝɟɞɟɝɟɧɤԧɡԕɚɪɚɫɵɧԝɫɬɚɧɚɬɵɧɫɟɧɿɦɞɟɪɿɧԕɚɠɟɬɬɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɧԕԝɧɞɵɥɵԕɬɚɪɵɧɠɚɥ
ɩɵɚɞɚɦɢԕԝɧɞɵɥɵԕɬɚɪɦɟɧɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵɪɭ
‡ ԧɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧԛɣɪɟɧɟɛɿɥɭԧɡɛɿɥɿɦɿɧԥɪԕɚɲɚɧɞɚɞɚɦɵɬɵɩɨɬɵɪɭ
ɋɨɥɫɟɛɟɩɬɿɞɟɬԝɥԑɚɥɵԕɞɚɦɭԝɫɬɚɧɵɦɵɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɟԕɚɬɵɫɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿ
ɦɟɧԛɣɪɟɬɭɲɿ ɛԝɪɧɚԑɵɚɜɬɨɪɢɬɚɪɥɵɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɬɿɤԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɵɧɝɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɥɵɤɨɦɦɭ
ɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɬɿɤԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚɫԕɚԧɡɝɟɪɬɭɞɿɬɚɥɚɩɟɬɟɞɿȻԝɥԝɫɬɚɧɵɦɬɚɧɵɦɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɿԙ©ɛɿɥɿɦɛɟɪɭª
©ɨԕɵɬɭª©ԛɣɪɟɬɭªɞɟɝɟɧɤɟɲɟɝɿɤԛɧɝɿɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɬɟɪɿɧɟɧɞɿɟɤɿɠɚԕɬɵɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɪɟɬɿɧɞɟԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɩ
ɨɥɚɪɞɵ ©ɛɿɥɿɦ ɚɥɭɢɝɟɪɭª ©ɨΙɭª ©Οɣɪɟɧɭª ɞɟɩ Ϋɡɝɟɪɬɟɞɿ ɛΡɥ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɬɟ Οɣɪɟɧɭɲɿ ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɪΫɥ
ɚɬΙɚɪɵɩɛɿɥɿɦɞɿΫɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧΙΡɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɞɵɞɟɩɬΟɫɿɧɟɞɿ
ȿɝɟɪɞɟɞԥɫɬԛɪɥɿ©ɛɿɥɿɦɛɟɪɭªԧɡɦɚԕɫɚɬɵɦɟɧɦɚԑɵɧɚɫɵɧɧɚԕɬɵɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɧɝɟɧ ɦɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɬɿɤ
ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɬɚɪɞɚɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧɩԥɧɞɟɪɬɚԕɵɪɵɩɬɚɪɦɟɧɫɚɛɚԕɬɚɪɞɵԙɚɭɦɚԑɵɧɞɚ ɛɿɥɿɦɠɢɵɧɬɵԑɵɧ
ɢɝɟɪɭɦɟɧɲɟɤɬɟɫɟɬΡɥΕɚɥɵΙɞɚɦɭɦɟɧΫɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧɛɿɥɿɦΙΡɪɚɫɬɵɪɭɞɵɧɟɝɿɡɝɿɢɞɟɹɞɟɩԝɫɬɚɧԑɚɧ
ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɹɥɵԕɤԧɡԕɚɪɚɫɨԕɭԛɣɪɟɧɭɞɿԙɧɟɝɿɡɿɧɬɟɤɩԥɧɞɟɪɟɦɟɫɨɣɥɚɭɦɟɧɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɢɹԑɚɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥ
ɝɟɧɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ɢɧɬɟɪɚɤɬɢɜɬɿ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɪԕԝɪɚɭɵɤɟɪɟɤɞɟɩɬԛɫɿɧɟɞɿȺɥɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɞɿɫɬɟɪ
ɦɟɧɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɿԙɬԝɥԑɚɥɵԕɬԝɪԑɵɞɚɧԧɡɿɧɞɿɤɠԥɧɟɞɟɪɛɟɫɬԛɪɞɟɞɚɦɭɵɧɚԥɤɟɥɟɞɿ
ɨɥɚɪɞɵԧɡɦԛɦɤɿɧɲɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɦɟɧԝɫɬɚɧԑɚɧԕԝɧɞɵɥɵԕɬɚɪɵɧɬԛɫɿɧɭɝɟɠԥɧɟɛɚԑɚɥɚɭԑɚɠɟɬɟɥɟɣɞɿ
Ɍɚɧɵɦԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɧԝɣɵɦɞɚɫɬɵɪɭɞɵԙɚɪɧɚɭɥɵԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɫɿɪɟɬɿɧɞɟɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭ
ɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɟԕɚɬɵɫɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɦɟɧԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɿԙ ɬɢɿɦɞɿԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚ
ɫɵɧɚɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɟɞɿȺԑɵɥɲɵɧɬɿɥɿɧɟɧɤɟɥɝɟɧ©LQWHUDFWɿYªɫԧɡɿɞɟɨɫɵԝԑɵɦɞɵɛɿɥɞɿɪɟɞɿ©LQWHUªɞɟ
ɝɟɧɿɦɿɡ©Ϋɡɚɪɚªɦɚԑɵɧɚɫɵɧɞɚɚɥ©DFWª±©Ωɪɟɤɟɬɠɚɫɚɭªɞɟɝɟɧɞɿɛɿɥɞɿɪɟɞɿɹԑɧɢɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ


Ωɞɿɫɬɟɪԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɦɟɧԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɿԙԧɡɚɪɚԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɫɭɿɧɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɞɵԙɧɟɝɿɡɿɞɟɩɬɚɧɢɬɵɧ
ɠԥɧɟɫɨɧɞɚɣԕɚɬɵɧɚɫԕɚɠɚԑɞɚɣɠɚɫɚɣɬɵɧԥɞɿɫɬɟɪ
Ȼɚɫԕɚɲɚɚɣɬԕɚɧɞɚ©ɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿªɞɟɝɟɧɿɦɿɡɛɿɪɟɭɦɟɧԕɨɹɧԕɨɥɬɵԕԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɬɚɛɨɥɭ
ɨɧɵɦɟɧɛɿɪɥɟɫɟԥɪɟɤɟɬɠɚɫɚɭɞɢɚɥɨɝԕԝɪɭȺɥ©ɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭªɞɟɝɟɧɿɦɿɡԧɡɚɪɚԕɚɪɵɦԕɚ
ɬɵɧɚɫԕɚ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɹԑɚ  ɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɝɟɧ ɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭ ɞɢɚɥɨɝ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ԛɣɪɟɧɭԛɣɪɟɬɭ ɹԑɧɢ
©ԛɣɪɟɬɭɲɿ±ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿª©ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿ±ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿª©ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿ±ԧɡɿɦɟɧԧɡɿªɮɨɪɦɚɬɬɚɪɵɧɞɚɠɚ
ɫɚԑɚɧԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚɫ ©ԥԙɝɿɦɟª©ɫԝɯɛɚɬª©ɩɿɤɿɪɥɟɫɭª©ɛɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪª 
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɦɵɧɚɧɞɚɣԝɣɵɦɞɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚɵɧɬɚɥɵ
  Ȼɚɪɥɵԕԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɝɟɛɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧɬɚɧɵɦɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɟɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɚɪɚɥɚɫɭԑɚɦԛɦɤɿɧɞɿɤɠɚɫɚɭ
  Ԥɪɛɿɪ ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɧɿԙ ԧɡɿɧɿԙ ԛɣɪɟɧɝɟɧɿ ɦɟɧ ԧɡ ɛɿɥɿɦɿ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ  ɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɬɟɪɿɧ ɨɪɬɚԑɚ ɫɚɥɵɩ
ɛɿɪɥɟɫɟɬɚɥԕɵɥɚɩɨɥɚɪɬɭɪɚɥɵɨɣɬɨɥԑɚɭɵɧɚɦԛɦɤɿɧɞɿɤɠɚɫɚɭ
  Ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɛɿɥɿɦɞɿԧɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɬɵɧɨɪɬɚԕԝɪɭ
Ⱥɞɚɦԛɲɿɧɟԙԕɵɡɵԕɬɵɧԥɪɫɟ±
ԧɡԕɨɥɵɦɟɧɠɚɫɚԑɚɧɵ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭ±ԥɪɟɤɟɬɤԧɦɟɝɿɦɟɧɠԥɧɟԥɪɟɤɟɬɚɪԕɵɥɵԛɣɪɟɧɭԛɣɪɟɬɭɚɥ
ɦԝɧɞɚɣԝɫɬɚɧɵɦԕɨɦɚԕɬɵɧԥɬɢɠɟɥɟɪɝɟɠɟɬɤɿɡɟɬɿɧɟԙɬɢɿɦɞɿɠԛɣɟɞɟɩɟɫɟɩɬɟɥɿɧɟɞɿԧɣɬɤɟɧɿɚɞɚɦ
ɧɵԙɠɚɞɵɧɞɚɛɿɪɿɧɲɿɦɟɡɟɬɬɟɬɟɤԧɡɿɧɿԙԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɦɟɧԧɡԕɨɥɵɦɟɧɠɚɫɚԑɚɧɵԑɚɧɚԕɚɥɚɞɵɄɟɡɿɧ
ɞɟɤԧɧɟԕɵɬɚɣԑԝɥɚɦɚɫɵɄɨɧɮɭɰɢɣ Ʉɭɧɰɡɵ ɠɵɥɛԝɪɵɧɛɵɥɚɣɞɟɝɟɧɟɤɟɧ©ɆɚΕɚɧɚɣɬɵɩ
ɛɟɪɫɟΝ±ΡɦɵɬɵɩΙɚɥɚɦɵɧɤΫɪɫɟɬɫɟΝ±ɟɫɬɟɫɚΙɬɚɪɦɵɧɚɥΫɡɿɦɟɠɚɫɚɬɫɚΝ±Οɣɪɟɧɟɦɿɧª
ɋɨɥɫɟɛɟɩɬɿɞɟɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɿԙɨԕɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɞɟɝɿɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɪɟ
ɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɧԛɣɪɟɧɭɞɿԙɧɟɝɿɡɝɿԕԝɪɚɥɞɚɪɵɦɟɧɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪɿɪɟɬɿɧɞɟɬɚɧɢɞɵɋɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧɞɚɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥ
ɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɨԕɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɿԙɬɢɿɦɞɿɥɿɝɿɦɟɧɧԥɬɢɠɟɥɿɝɿɧԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɿԙɟɫɬɟɫɚԕɬɚɭɞԥɪɟɠɟ
ɫɿɦɟɧԧɥɲɟɦɟɣɨɥɚɪɞɵԙԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɦɟɧɛɚԑɚɥɚɣɞɵɬɟɤԥɪɟɤɟɬɚɪԕɵɥɵԑɚɧɚԛɣɪɟɧɭɵԕɬɢ
ɦɚɥɞɟɝɟɧԕɚԑɢɞɚԝɫɬɚɧɚɞɵ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɨԕɭɲɵɧɵԙԧɡɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɫɿɠԥɧɟԧɡɝɟɞɟɨԕɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɫɿ
ɬԝɪԑɵɫɵɧɚɧɠɚɫɚԑɚɧɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚɫԕɚɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɟɞɿȺɥԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɿԙɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɫɿɞɟ
ɝɟɧɿɦɿɡɨɥɚɪɞɵԙԧɡɿɧɞɿɤɩɿɤɿɪɥɟɪɿɦɟɧɤԧɡԕɚɪɚɫɬɚɪɵɨɣɥɚɪɵɦɟɧɢɞɟɹɥɚɪɵԝɫɬɚɧɵɦɞɚɪɵ
ɦɟɧɩɚɣɵɦɞɚɭɥɚɪɵɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɪɵɦɟɧԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵɥɚɪɵɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɪɿɦɟɧɭԥɠɞɟɪɿɞɟɩɚɣ
ɬɭԑɚɬԝɪɚɪɥɵԕɈԕɭɲɵɥɚɪɬɚɧɵɦɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɞɟɛɿɪɛɿɪɿɦɟɧɨɫɵɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɫɿɦɟɧɛԧɥɿɫɟɞɿɦɿɧɟɨɫɵɧ
ɞɚɣɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɚԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɬɚɠɚԙɚɛɿɥɿɦԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɵɩɫɚɧɚɥɵɬԛɪɞɟɢɝɟɪɿɥɟɞɿ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɞɚԛɣɪɟɧɭɞɟɛɿɥɿɦɚɥɭɲɵɥɚɪɦɵɧɚɧɞɚɣɛɿɥɿɦɛɿɥɿɤɞɚԑɞɵɦɚɲɵԕɬɚɪԑɚ
ԛɣɪɟɧɟɞɿ
‡ ɬɟɪɟԙɨɣɥɚɧɭɠɟɤɟɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɢɹɥɵԕԕɚɛɿɥɟɬɬɟɪɞɿɞɚɦɵɬɭ
‡ ԧɡɢɞɟɹɥɚɪɵɦɟɧԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɬɚɥɞɚɭɠԥɧɟɨɥɚɪԑɚɛɚԑɚɛɟɪɭ
‡ ɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԧɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧɬԛɫɿɧɿɩɨɧɵɬɚɪɚɡɵɥɚɩɟɤɲɟɩɨɧɵԙɿɲɿɧɟɧɤɟɪɟɤɬɿɫɿɧɬɚԙɞɚɩɚɥɭ
‡ ɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵɠɚɧɠɚԕɬɵɬɚɥɞɚɭ
‡ ԧɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧɠɚԙɚɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɩɟɧɛɿɥɿɦԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɭ
‡ ɨԕɭɛɚɪɵɫɵɧɞɚɠɟɤɟɛɚɫɵɧɵԙԕԝɧɞɵɥɵԕɬɚɪɵɦɟɧɫɟɧɿɦɞɟɪɿɧԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɵɩɛɟɥɫɟɧ
ɞɿԧɦɿɪɥɿɤɩɨɡɢɰɢɹ ɤԧɡԕɚɪɚɫɞԛɧɢɟɬɚɧɵɦ ԝɫɬɚɧɭ
‡ ɩɿɤɿɪɬɚɥɚɫɬɚɪԑɚԕɚɬɵɫɵɩԧɡɨɣɵɦɟɧɩɿɤɿɪɿɧɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɭ
‡ ɛɚɫԕɚɞɚɛɚɥɚɦɚɩɿɤɿɪɥɟɪɞɿɟɫɤɟɪɭ
‡ ɲɟɲɿɦԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɭɠԥɧɟԕɢɵɧɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɞɿɲɟɲɭ
‡ ɨɪɬɚԕɠԝɦɵɫԕɚɠԝɦɵɥɚɛɿɥɭ
‡ ɛɚɫԕɚɥɚɪɦɟɧɬɢɿɦɞɿԕɚɪɵɦԕɚɬɵɧɚɫԕԝɪɭԧɡɚɪɚԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɫɭ
‡ ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪԝɠɵɦɵɧɚɨɪɬɚԕɛɿɪɥɟɫɟɠԝɦɵɫɠɚɫɚɭɞɵԙɪɭɯɚɧɢɠԥɧɟɦɨɪɚɥɶɞɵɟɪɟɠɟ
ɥɟɪɞɿԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɭ
‡ ɨԕɭɲɵɬɨɩɬɵԝɠɵɦɪɟɬɿɧɞɟԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɣɞɵ


ɂɇɌȿɊȻȿɅɋȿɇȾȱɈԔɍɈԔɕɌɍȾɕԘɇȿȽȱɁȽȱ
ԔȺԐɂȾȺɅȺɊɕɆȿɇɆȺԔɋȺɌɌȺɊɕ
Ԕɚԑɢɞɚɥɚɪ

Ɇɚԕɫɚɬɬɚɪ

Ɉɪɬɚ
Ιɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭ

ȻɿɥɿɦɚɥɭɲɵɨΙɵɩΟɣɪɟɧɭɞɟΫɡΩɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɿΝɠɟɦɿɫɬɿɟɤɟɧɞɿɝɿɧɫɟɡɿɧɟɬɿɧ
ɠɚΕɞɚɣɥɚɪɠɚɫɚɭ
 Ξɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚ ɚɲɵΙ ɟɪɤɿɧ ɲɵΕɚɪɦɚɲɵɥɵΙ ΙɚɪɵɦΙɚɬɵɧɚɫ
ɨɪɧɚɬɭ
 Ξɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɝɟ ɛɿɥɿɦɞɿ ɞɚɣɵɧ ɤΟɣɞɟ ɛɟɪɦɟɣ ɨɧɵ ɿɡɞɟɧɭɝɟ ɛɚΕɵɬɛɚΕɞɚɪ
ɫɿɥɬɟɭ

ΨɪɟɤɟɬɚɪΙɵɥɵ
ΟɣɪɟɬɭΟɣɪɟɧɭ

 Ξɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɝɟ ɛɿɥɿɦɧɿΝ Ϋɡɿɧɞɿɤ Ωɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪ ɚɪΙɵɥɵ Εɚɧɚ ɬɢɿɦɞɿ ɬΟɪɞɟ
ɦɟΝɝɟɪɿɥɟɬɿɧɞɿɝɿɧɞΩɥɟɥɞɟɭ
 Ξɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɿ ɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ Ωɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɝɟ ɛɚɭɥɵɩ ɨɥɚɪɞɵΝ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɢɝɟɪɭ
ΩɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɧΡɣɵɦɞɚɫɬɵɪɭ

Ϊɦɿɪɦɟɧ
ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵɪɭ

ΞɣɪɟɬɭΟɣɪɟɧɭɞɿɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵΙΩɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɝɟɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɭɩΩɧɦɟɧɬɚΙɵɪɵɩɬɵ
ɤΟɧɞɟɥɿɤɬɿΫɦɿɪɞɟɬɭɵɧɞɚɣɬɵɧɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɥɚɪɞɵɲɟɲɭɞɟɩΙɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɭ

Ϊɡɿɧɞɿɥɿɤɩɟɧ
ɞɟɪɛɟɫɬɿɤɤɟ
ɛɚɭɥɭ

 ΞɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɿΝ ɞɚɣɵɧ ɠɚɭɚɩɬɚɪɵɧ ΙɚɧɚΕɚɬ ɬΡɬɩɚɣ ɨɥɚɪɞɵ ɨɣ
ɬɨɥΕɚɧɵɫ ɚɪΙɵɥɵ Ϋɡɿɧɞɿɤ ɩɿɤɿɪ ΙΡɪɚɫɬɵɪɭΕɚ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɲɟɲɭɞɟ Ϋɡɿɧɞɿɤ
ɬΡɪΕɵɞɚɧ ɠɚɭɚɩ ɬɚɛɭΕɚ ɵɧɬɚɥɚɧɞɵɪɭ ɟɝɟɪ ɨΙɭɲɵ ɠɚɭɚɩ ɛɟɪɟ ɚɥɦɚɫɚ
ɞΡɪɵɫ ɠɚɭɚɩɬɵ Ϋɡɿ ɛɟɪɦɟɣ ɨɧɵ ɛɚɫΙɚ ɨΙɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵΝ ɬɚɛɭɵɧɚ ɵΙɩɚɥ
ɠɚɫɚɭ 
 Ξɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪɞɟ ɫɵɧɢ ɠΩɧɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɤɚɥɵΙ ɨɣɥɚɭ ɞɚΕɞɵɥɚɪɵɧ
Ιɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭ ɤΟɦΩɧɞɚɧɭΫɡɿɧɞɿɤɬΟɫɿɧɿɤɤɟΡɦɬɵɥɭɚΙɩɚɪɚɬɬɚɧΩɪɬΟɪɥɿ
ɦɚΕɵɧɚɧɵɤΫɪɟɛɿɥɭɞΩɥɟɥɞɟɦɟɤɟɥɬɿɪɭ 

Ȼԝɥɛɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɬԝɥԑɚɧɵԙɬԝɪɚԕɬɵԕɚɫɢɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɟɚɣɧɚɥɵɩɬɟɤɨԕɭɲɵɫɵɧɵɛɵɧɞɚɨɪɵɧɚɥɵɩ
ԕɚɧɚԕɨɣɦɚɣɫɨɧɵɦɟɧɛɿɪɝɟԧɦɿɪɞɿԙɛɚɫԕɚɞɚɠɚԕɬɚɪɵɧɚɧɬɢɹɧɚԕɬɵɬԛɪɞɟɤԧɪɿɧɟɞɿ

ȻȱɊɅȿɋɄȿɇԤɊȿɄȿɌɌȿɊ±ɂɇɌȿɊȻȿɅɋȿɇȾȱ
ɈԔɍɈԔɕɌɍȾɕԘɇȿȽȱɁȱ
Ⱦԥɫɬԛɪɥɿɨԕɵɬɭɞɚɛɚɫɬɵɦɚԕɫɚɬ©ɧԥɬɢɠɟªɛɨɥɵɩԝɫɬɚɡԧɡɿɧɿԙɛɚɪɥɵԕɤԛɲԕɚɣɪɚɬɵɧ©ԛɣ
ɪɟɬɭɝɟª ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɣɞɵ ɲԥɤɿɪɬɬɿ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵ ɧԥɬɢɠɟɝɟ ɟԙ ԕɵɫԕɚ ɠɨɥɦɟɧ ɠɟɬɟɥɟɭɝɟ ɬɵɪɵɫɚɞɵ
Ɇԝɧɞɚɨԕɵɬɭɞɵԙɧԥɬɢɠɟɥɿɝɿɛɿɪɿɧɲɿɤɟɡɟɤɬɟɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɩɟɧɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵɪɵɥɚɞɵԛɣɪɟɬɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿ
ɨԕɭɲɵԑɚɚԕɩɚɪɚɬ©ɛɟɪɭɝɟªɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥɚɞɵɨɧɵɠɚԙɚɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɩɟɧԕɚɦɬɚɦɚɫɵɡɞɚɧɞɵɪɭɦɟɧɲɟɤ
ɬɟɥɟɞɿ Ⱦԥɫɬԛɪɥɿ ɨԕɵɬɭɞɚ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɛɟɪɭ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿ ɤԧɩ ɠɚԑɞɚɣɞɚ ɨԕɭɲɵɧɵԙ ɫɚɛɚԕԕɚ ©ɬɚɡɚ ɩɚɪɚԕª
WDEXODUDVD ɤԛɣɿɧɞɟɤɟɥɿɩ ɧɟɦɟɫɟɿɲɿԕɭɵɫɵɞɵɫɫɟɤɿɥɞɿ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɧɿԙɨɧɵɫɚɛɚԕɬɚɛɿɥɿɦɦɟɧ
©ɬɨɥɬɵɪɭɦɟɧªɚɣɧɚɥɵɫɚɬɵɧԕԝɛɵɥɵɫɞɟɩɬԛɫɿɧɿɥɟɞɿɒԥɤɿɪɬɫɚɛɚԕɬɚɠɚԙɚɛɿɥɿɦɚɥɵɩɫɚɛɚԕɬɚɧ
ɤɟɣɿɧɨɧɵɛɟɤɿɬɭɠԝɦɵɫɵɦɟɧԑɚɧɚɚɣɧɚɥɵɫɬɵ
Ⱥɥ ɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭ ɛɚɫɬɵɧɚɡɚɪɞɵ©ԛɞɟɪɿɫɤɟª©ɩɪɨɰɟɫɤɟªɹԑɧɢ ԛɣɪɟɧɭɞɿԙԧɡɿ
ɧɟɨԕɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ©ԕɚɥɚɣªɠԥɧɟ©ԕɚɧɞɚɣԥɞɿɫɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪɚɪԕɵɥɵԛɣɪɟɧɟɬɿɧɞɿɝɿɧɟªɚɭɞɚɪɚɞɵ
Ɇԝɧɞɚԑɵɦɚԕɫɚɬɨԕɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙԧɡɚɪɚɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɚɪԕɵɥɵԧɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧɛɿɥɿɦɢɝɟɪɭɿɧɞɟ
ɨɧɵɿɡɞɟɧɭɿɧɞɟԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɭɵɧɞɚɆԝɧɞɚɣɫɚɛɚԕɬɚɪԑɚɲԥɤɿɪɬɬɟɪ©ɬɚɡɚɩɚɪɚԕªɤԛɣɿɧɞɟɤɟɥɦɟɣ
ɚɥɞɵɧɚɥɚɞɚɣɵɧɞɚɥɵɩɤɟɥɟɞɿɨɥɚɪɫɚɛɚԕɛɚɫɵɧɞɚɬɚԕɵɪɵɩɛɨɣɵɧɲɚԧɡɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɬɟɪɿɦɟɧɩɿɤɿɪ
ɥɟɪɿɧɤɟɥɬɿɪɿɩԥɪɿԕɚɪɚɣɨɥɚɪɞɵɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɭɠԛɣɟɫɿɧԕԝɪɚɞɵɩɿɤɿɪɬɚɥɚɫɠԛɪɝɿɡɟɞɿԧɡɝɟɩɿɤɿɪɥɟɪɞɿ
ɬɵԙɞɚɩɛɚɥɚɦɚɤԧɡԕɚɪɚɫɬɚɪɞɵɟɫɤɟɪɟɞɿȻɚɫԕɚɲɚɫԧɡɛɟɧɚɣɬԕɚɧɞɚɲԥɤɿɪɬԧɦɿɪɞɟԥɪɚɞɚɦԑɚԕɚ
ɠɟɬɬɿɛɿɥɿɤɞɚԑɞɵɥɚɪɞɵԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɚɞɵȺɥɫɚɛɚԕɬɚɧɤɟɣɿɧɫɨɥɛɿɥɿɦɞɟɪɿɧԧɡɞɿɝɿɦɟɧɞɚɦɵɬɚ
ɬԛɫɟɞɿ


Ԛɣɪɟɧɭԛɣɪɟɬɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɲԥɤɿɪɬɛɚɫɵɧɚ
ɛɿɥɿɦɠɢɧɚԕɬɚɭɞɚɧɬԝɪɦɚɣɞɵ
ɋɨɥ ɫɟɛɟɩɬɿ ɞɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɞɚ ԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪ ɦɵɧɚɧɞɚɣ ԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ ɚɬԕɚɪɭԑɚ
ɞɚɣɵɧɛɨɥɭɵɤɟɪɟɤ
‡ ɛɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧɠԝɦɵɫ
‡ ɬɚɧɵɦɞɵԕɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɬɿɤԥɥɟɭɦɟɬɬɿɤɬԝɪԑɵɞɚɧɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɥɿɤɬɚɧɵɬɭ
‡ ɛɚɫɬɚɦɚɲɵɥɞɵԕ
‡ ɤɟɪɿɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɠɚɫɚɭ
‡ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɲɟɲɭɲɟɲɿɦԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɭ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɛɚɪɵɫɵɧɞɚԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɥɟɪԥɪԕɚɲɚɧɞɚɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɛɨɥɵɩԧɡɿɧɞɿɤɩɿɤɿɪ
ԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɵɩԧɡɨɣɥɚɪɵɧɞԝɪɵɫɠɟɬɤɿɡɟɛɿɥɭɝɟԧɡɤԧԕɚɪɚɫɵɧɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɭɝɟɩɿɤɿɪɬɚɥɚɫɠԛɪ
ɝɿɡɭɝɟɛɚɫԕɚɥɚɪɞɵɬɵԙɞɚɭԑɚԧɡɝɟɩɿɤɿɪɞɿɫɵɣɥɚɭԑɚɠԥɧɟɨɧɵɦɟɧɫɚɧɚɫɭԑɚԛɣɪɟɧɟɞɿɆԝɧɞɚɣ
ɫɚɛɚԕɬɚɪɞɚɛɿɪԑɚɧɚɞԝɪɵɫɠɚɭɚɩɛɨɥɦɚɣɞɵԧɣɬɤɟɧɿɛɚɫɬɵɦԥɫɟɥɟɞԝɪɵɫɠɚɭɚɩɬɵɬɚɛɭɞɚɟɦɟɫ
ɤɟɪɿɫɿɧɲɟԛɣɪɟɧɭɲɿɧɿԙɠɟɤɟɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɫɿɧɟɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɝɟɧɿɡɞɟɧɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɧɿԙԧɡɿɛɨɥɵɩɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɟɦɵɧɚɧɞɚɣɠԝɦɵɫɬԛɪɥɟɪɿɦɟɧԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɚɪԕɵɥɵ
ɠԛɡɟɝɟɚɫɵɪɵɥɚɞɵ
‡ ɛɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧɠԝɦɵɫɬɚɪ ɠԝɩɬɵԕɬɨɩɬɵԕɛԛɤɿɥɫɵɧɵɩɩɟɧ 
‡ ɠɟɤɟɠԥɧɟɛɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɠԝɦɵɫɬɚɪɵ
‡ ɨԕɭɪԧɥɞɿɤɠԥɧɟԧɧɞɿɪɿɫɬɿɤ ɿɫɤɟɪɥɿɤ ɨɣɵɧɞɚɪ
‡ ɩɿɤɿɪɬɚɥɚɫɬɚɪ
‡ ɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɵԙԥɪɬԛɪɥɿɤԧɡɞɟɪɿɦɟɧɠԝɦɵɫɠɚɫɚɭ ɤɿɬɚɩɥɟɤɰɢɹɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬԕԝɠɚɬɬɚɪɦԝɪɚ
ɠɚɣɬɛ 
‡ ɲɵԑɚɪɦɚɲɵɥɵԕɠԝɦɵɫɬɚɪ
‡ ɠɚԑɞɚɹɬɬɚɪ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹɥɚɪ ɚɪԕɵɥɵԛɣɪɟɧɭɧɚԕɬɵɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵɬɚɥɞɚɭɤɟɣɫɫɬɚɞɢ
‡ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɹɥɚɪ
‡ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɥɿɤɨԕɵɬɭɛɚԑɞɚɪɥɚɦɚɥɚɪɵ
‡ ɬɪɟɧɢɧɝɬɟɪ
‡ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɶɸ
‡ ɫɚɭɚɥɧɚɦɚԧɬɤɿɡɿɩɨɧɵԙԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵɥɚɪɵɧɬɚɥԕɵɥɚɭɦɟɧɬɚɥɞɚɭ
‡ ɤɟɡɤɟɥɝɟɧɨԕɭԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɪɿɧɤɟɪɿɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɩɟɧɚɹԕɬɚɭɬɛ
ɂɧɬɟɪɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ɨԕɭɨԕɵɬɭ ɛɿɪɥɟɫɟ ԛɣɪɟɧɭ ɢɞɟɹɥɚɪɵɧ ԝɫɬɚɧԑɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ ɛԝɥ ɠɟɪɞɟ ԥɫɿɪɟ
ɫɟ ɛɿɪɥɟɫɤɟɧ ɬɨɩɬɵԕ ɠԝɦɵɫ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɦɚԙɵɡɵɧ ɛɚɫɚ ɚɣɬɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ Ɍɨɩɬɵԕ ɠԝɦɵɫ ԧɡɿɧԧɡɿ
ɦɟɧɛɚɫԕɚɚɞɚɦɞɚɪɞɵɬɚɧɭɞɵԙ
Ресми байқаулар тізімі
Республикалық байқауларға қатысып жарамды дипломдар алып санатыңызды көтеріңіз!
Осы аптаның ең үздік материалдары
Педагогтардың біліктілігін арттыру курстары
Аттестацияда (ПББ) 100% келетін
тақырыптармен дайындаймыз
Аттестацияда (ПББ) келетін тақырыптар бойынша жасалған тесттермен дайындалып, бізбен бірге тестілеуден оңай өтесіз
Өткен жылы бізбен дайындалған ұстаздар 50/50 жинап рекорд жасады
Толығырақ