Abai Qunanbaiuly

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Abai Qunanbaiuly Abdiraman Erkenaz 11 R

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 Ibrahim (Abai) Qunanbaiuly  ( Абай Құнанбайұлы ; 10 August 1845 – 6 July 1904) was a  Kazakh  poet, composer and  Hanafi   Maturidi   theologian  philosopher. [2]  He was also a cultural reformer toward European and Russian cultures on the basis of enlightened  Islam . His name is also transliterated as  Abay Kunanbayev  ( Абай Кунанбаев); among Kazakhs he is known as Abai.

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 Early life and education  Abai was born in  Karauyl  village in  Chingiz volost  of  Semipalatinsk  uyezd of the Russian Empire (this is now in  Abay District  of  East Kazakhstan ). He was the son of Qunanbai and Uljan, his father's second wife. They named him Ibrahim, as the family was Muslim, and he stuck with the name for the first few years of his life.  Ibrahim first studied at a local  madrasah  under  Mullah  Ahmed Ryza. During his early childhood years in Ryza’s tutelage, he received the nickname “Abai” (which means “careful”), a nickname that stayed with him for the rest of his life. His father was wealthy enough to send Abai to a  Russian  secondary school in  Semipalatinsk . There he read the writings of  Mikhail Lermontov  and  Alexander Pushkin , which were influential to his own development as a writer. Moreover, he was fond of reading eastern poetry, including Shahname and 1000 and 1 night. [ citation needed ]

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Legacy  The leaders of the  Alash Orda  movement saw him as their inspiration and spiritual predecessor.  Contemporary  Kazakh  images of Abay generally depict him in full traditional dress holding a  dombra  (the Kazakh national instrument). Today, Kazakhs revere Abay as one of the first folk heroes to enter into the national consciousness of his people. Kazakh National Pedagogical University is named after Abay, so is one of the main avenues in the city of Almaty. There are also public schools with his name. Abay is featured on postal stamps of Kazakhstan, Soviet Union, and India.  The Kazakh city of  Abay  is named after him.  Among Abay's students was his nephew, a historian, philosopher, and poet  Shakarim Qudayberdiuli  (1858–1931).

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Works  Abay also translated into Kazakh the works of Russian and European authors, mostly for the first time. Translations made by him include poems by  Mikhail Lermontov ,  Johann Wolfgang von Goethe ,  Lord Byron ,  Ivan Krylov 's  Fables  and  Alexander Pushkin 's  Eugene Onegin .  Abay's major work is  The Book of Words  (« қара сөздері»,  Qara sózderi ), a theologic philosophic treatise and collection of poems where he encourages his fellow Kazakhs to embrace education, literacy, and good moral character in order to escape poverty, enslavement and corruption. In  Word Twenty Five , he discusses the importance of Russian culture, as a way for Kazakhs to be exposed to the world's cultural treasures.

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