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Кафедра «Иностранные языки» Presentation Compare medical service and patient care in Kazakhstan with ESC Prepared by Group Checked by Shymkent-20 99

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Plan • Introduction • Main part 1) What is care? 2) Types of care 3) Care in Kazakhstan 4) Care in ESC • Conclusion • Internet resourse

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Introduction • Patient care is a set of measures that ensure the vital activity of patients. The term "nursing" is comparable to the foreign term "nursing". According to the definition WHO, nursing encompasses the independent and collaborative care of people of all age groups, families, populations and communities, sick or healthy, in all settings. It includes health promotion, disease prevention, and care for the sick, disabled, and dying. Patient care plays an important role in the treatment of both acute and chronic diseases. For example, proper hygienic skin care measures can prevent the development of pressure sores, adequate physical activity reduces the risk of congestive pneumonia. Conversely, in the absence of proper care, even expensive high-tech interventions may not be effective enough due to the appearance of severe complications that are preventable with proper organization of patient care.

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Main part • The patient's care and treatment cannot be completely separated from each other. These are mutually related and complementary links of the same treatment process, the purpose of which is to preserve and strengthen the patient's health. Good care requires not only knowledge and skills, but also sensitivity, tact, and the ability of psychological influence to overcome the increased irritability of the patient, the feeling of anxiety that possesses him, sometimes even hopelessness, to distract from excessive attention to his illness. A restrained,even and calm attitude supports the patient, strengthens his will to fulfill all medical prescriptions.

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Types of care • Patient care in the traditional Russian medical school is divided into general and special. General care includes such therapeutic and preventive measures that can be carried out for all patients without taking into account the specifics of their diseases. For example, general care includes performing injections, measuring pulse, blood pressure, etc., that is, such manipulations that are carried out according to a common standard in all patients. Special care includes measures that can be applied only in patients with damage to a certain organ system, and only in accordance with the profile of the underlying disease or condition (gynecological, traumatological, dental, etc.). Only in obstetric departments or antenatal clinics, the size of a woman's pelvis is measured or the fetal heartbeat is listened to.

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General Care • The room where the patient is located should be as bright as possible, protected from noise, isolated. The abundance of air and light, the optimal temperature in the room have a beneficial effect on the body in any disease. In the absence of an air conditioner, the room is ventilated. In summer, windows can be opened around the clock, in winter, transoms (panes) should be opened 3-5 times a day. Cleaning should be carried out at least 2 times a day: window frames, furniture are wiped with a damp cloth, the floor is washed or wiped with a brush wrapped in a damp cloth. Carpets, drapes and other items where dust may accumulate should preferably be removed or frequently shaken out or vacuumed .

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Hair, mouth and ear care • The hair is washed with warm soap and water and carefully combed, the nails are systematically cut. In patients who are on bed rest for a long time, thick keratinized layers sometimes form on the plantar side of the feet. They are removed during foot washing with pumice stone, and sometimes with special exfoliating ointments prescribed by a doctor . • Careful oral care is required. Teeth and the back of the tongue are cleaned with a toothbrush at least twice a day; after each meal, the patient should rinse his mouth. Seriously ill people wipe their teeth with a cotton ball soaked in 0.5% baking soda solution or in a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate. • Ears are regularly washed with warm water and soap. Sulfur from the auditory canal is carefully removed with a cotton flagellum, after dripping a few drops of 3% hydrogen peroxide solution into the external auditory canal. At the same time, the head is tilted in the opposite direction, and the auricle is slightly they pull it back and up.

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Care in Kazakhstan • In my opinion, the care of naukas in critical conditions is the same in any country. Take Kazakhstan, for example. In our country, it provides standard care for patients in critical condition. Healthcare in Kazakhstan is a reformed post-Soviet healthcare system. In 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) ranked Kazakhstan's healthcare system as the 64th in terms of overall indicators and the 135th in terms of overall health (among the 191 member countries included in the study). « Salamatty Kazakhstan » is a state program for the development of healthcare.The Human Rights Assessment Initiative believes that Kazakhstan fulfills 79.7% of what it must do to exercise the right to health, based on its income level. Considering the right to health in relation to children, Kazakhstan reaches 96.1% of the expected level based on its current income.

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Care in ECS • The USA does not have a universal, free healthcare program, unlike most other developed countries. Instead, in line with the free-market-virtue mindset, most Americans are served by a mix of publicly and privately funded programs and healthcare systems. Most hospitals and clinics are privately owned, with about 60% being non-profits, and another fifth being for-profit facilities. Coverage by federal and state programs is partial, and most insured Americans have employment-based private insurance. Group plans funded by the employer cover about 150 million Americans.

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Conclusion • Elderly people often show increased sensitivity to violations of ambient temperature, nutrition, changes in light and sound conditions, and medications. Their susceptibility to infections and inflammatory processes requires particularly careful hygienic care. Emotional instability, mild vulnerability of the psyche, and with vascular diseases of the brain — a sharp decrease in memory, intelligence, self-criticism, capriciousness, helplessness, and sometimes untidiness require special attention and patience from loved ones. Given the tendency of the elderly and old people to stagnation, accompanied by pneumonia, it is recommended to maintain their activity within acceptable limits (turn more often, etc.). Often the doctor seeks to limit bed rest to these patients, prescribes massage, respiratory gymnastics. All this must be done, despite the fact that such procedures and shortening of bed rest sometimes cause dissatisfaction of patients.

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Internet resourse • https://berdskkcson.nso.ru/sites/berdskkcson.nso.ru/wodby_files/file s/page_59/obshchie_pravila_uhoda.pdf • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_systems_by_country

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