Eric Berne

1 слайд
Eric Berne’s theory of transactional analysis 18.567 Shapagat E.Rysbayeva

1 слайд

2 слайд
 Eric Berne presented transactional analysis to the world as a phenomenological approach supplementing Freud's philosophical construct with observable data. His theory built on the science of Wilder Penfield and René Spitz along with the neo-psychoanalytic thought of people such as Paul Federn, Edoardo Weiss, and Erik Erikson. By moving to an interpersonal motivational theory, he placed it both in opposition to the psychoanalytic traditions of his day and within what would become the psychoanalytic traditions of the future. From Berne, transactional analysts have inherited a determination to create an accessible and user- friendly system, an understanding of script or life- plan, ego states, transactions, and a theory of groups.

2 слайд

3 слайд
 It is a psychoanalytic theory and method of therapy wherein social transactions are analyzed to determine the ego state of the patient (whether parent-like, child-like, or adult-like) as a basis for understanding behavior.    Eric Berne developed the concept and paradigm of transactional analysis in the late 1950s.Transactional analysis (TA)

3 слайд

4 слайд
Berne’s ego states: CHILD, ADULT, PARENT natural child nurturing p. adapted child punishing p. We can tell which ego state a person is in because of the verbal and non- verbal behaviour appropriate to each state.

4 слайд

5 слайд
 Natural child – spontaneous, impulsive, feeling oriented, self-centered & pleasure loving  Adaptive child – compliant, conforms to the wishes & demands of parental figures

5 слайд

6 слайд
• Nurturing parent - comforts, praises and helps others • Critical parent – finds faults, displays prejudices, disapproves and prevents others from feeling good about themselves • A major goal is to figure out which ego state a person is using

6 слайд

7 слайд
 Berne believed that when we interact with other people, our state of mind affects what happens  He believed that there were three states of mind in all humans, no matter how old they were, called ego states .Ego States PAREN T ADULT CHILD

7 слайд

8 слайд
 Parent- “Do as I do”  Child- “What shall I do?”  Adult- “I will be frank with you”The Three Ego States

8 слайд

9 слайд
PAREN T ADULT CHILD Controlling and authoritarian although it may be well-meaning as well as critical Realistic balances and logical way of interacting with others which most people consider desireable Occurs when the person is thinking and feeling like a child-being helpless, rebellious or conformingEgo States

9 слайд

10 слайд
Characteristics of Ego States Each ego state has particular verbal and non-verbal characteristics, which can be observed, if you are watching people. Each ego state has a positive and negative aspect

10 слайд

11 слайд
Transactional analysis - Transactions between people are seen as having 3 levels:  Complementary – both people are operating from the same ego state  Crossed – the other person reacts from an unexpected ego state  Ulterior – two ego states within the same person but one disguises the otherTransactional Analysis

11 слайд

12 слайд
C CP A P A Transactions Complimentary Crossed Ulterior Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child Expected Response No Conflict Produce Conflict Stop Communication Hurt Feelings Non Verbal Psychological Level Social Level

12 слайд

13 слайд
• • • • 1. 1. P A P A Transactions - Complementary Appropriate & Expected response Parallel communication arrows No Conflict Communication continues C C Parent Adult Child 2. Parent Adult Child What time do you have? I’ve got 11:15 Parent Adult Child 2. Parent Adult Child You’re late again I’m sorry, it won’t happen again

13 слайд

14 слайд
• • • 1. 1. 2. 2. P A P A Transactions - Crossed Not Appropriate & not Expected response Crossed communication arrows • ConflictCommunication breakdown C C Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child What time do you have? The clock is on the wall for you to see Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child You’re late again I know, I had a flat tire

14 слайд

15 слайд
• • • • 1. 1. 2. 2. P A P A Transactions - Ulterior C C Disguised Communication Non Verbal communication arrows May or may not be in conflict May or may not be communication breakdown Angular Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child Duplex Parent Adult Child Parent Adult Child The Sale ends tomorrow I’ll have one of those Please come into my office I’m a little busy right now

15 слайд

16 слайд
 As stated earlier, Berne defined a  stroke  as the “fundamental unit of social action.”   A stroke is a unit of recognition, when one person recognizes another person either verbally or non verbally. Berne introduced the idea of strokes into Transactional Analysis based upon the work of Rene Spitz, a researcher who did pioneering work in the area of child development. Strokes

16 слайд

17 слайд
P A P A Stroking • Positive Strokes • Negative Strokes • Conditional Strokes C C • The types of Strokes you seek depend on your Okayness • No Strokes is the worst • The worst punishment in Prisons is Solitary Confinement

17 слайд

18 слайд
P A P A Stroking C C • Positive Strokes • Praise, complements, recognition, affection, rewards, sympathy, consolation, self-satisfaction from job well done • Negative Strokes • Put-downs, criticism, degrading, ridicule, scolding, punishment, discounting • Conditional Strokes • Strokes with Ulterior Motives • Strokes given for what you do, rather than for what you are: • Performance oriented strokes • Accommodation & conformity oriented strokes

18 слайд

19 слайд
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

19 слайд