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ҚР Білім және Ғылым министірлігінің стандартымен жасалған
Oxygen organic compounds Alcohol
Материал туралы қысқаша түсінік
People who use alcohol to produse fruit juise are very old the word spirit comes from the latin «spiritus vini»
Бұл бетте материалдың қысқаша нұсқасы ұсынылған. Материалдың толық нұсқасын жүктеп алып, көруге болады
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Сайтқа 5 материал жариялап, тегін АЛҒЫС ХАТ алыңыз!
Сайтқа 25 материал жариялап, тегін ҚҰРМЕТ ГРОМАТАСЫН алыңыз!
Материалдың қысқаша түсінігі
1 слайд
Kambyl Merei
№ 141 school
9 class
Almaty city
1 слайд
Kambyl Merei № 141 school 9 class Almaty city
2 слайд
People who use alcohol to produse fruit juise are
very old the word spirit comes from the latin
« spiritus vini »
« spirit wine » Wine formula C2 H5 OH
This substance prodused by the fermentation of
grapes, sugar, starch, is commonly referred to as
« alcohol »Alcohol
2 слайд
People who use alcohol to produse fruit juise are very old the word spirit comes from the latin « spiritus vini » « spirit wine » Wine formula C2 H5 OH This substance prodused by the fermentation of grapes, sugar, starch, is commonly referred to as « alcohol »Alcohol
3 слайд
Alcohol is a molecule that combines hydrocarbon radicals with one or more
functional hydro[yl groups. The general formula of alcohols
R-OH or C
n -H
2n+1 OH
alcohol
one atom
many froms
CH
3 -OH
Methanol
CH
3 -CH
2 -OH
Ethanol С H
2 -CH
2 CH
2 -CH-CH
2
OH OH OH OH OH
glycol Glycerin
3 слайд
Alcohol is a molecule that combines hydrocarbon radicals with one or more functional hydro[yl groups. The general formula of alcohols R-OH or C n -H 2n+1 OH alcohol one atom many froms CH 3 -OH Methanol CH 3 -CH 2 -OH Ethanol С H 2 -CH 2 CH 2 -CH-CH 2 OH OH OH OH OH glycol Glycerin
4 слайд
Formula Names
CH
3 OH
C
2 H
5 OH
C
3 H
7 OH
C
4 H
9 OH
C
5 H
11 OH
C
6 H
13 OH
C
7 H
15 OH - Methanol,methyn alcohol
-Ethanol,ethul alcohol
-Propanol, propylene, alcohol
-Butanol, bulyl alcohol
-Pentanol, Pentine alcohol
-Hexanol, hexyl alcohol
Hectanol, hectyl alcohol
4 слайд
Formula Names CH 3 OH C 2 H 5 OH C 3 H 7 OH C 4 H 9 OH C 5 H 11 OH C 6 H 13 OH C 7 H 15 OH - Methanol,methyn alcohol -Ethanol,ethul alcohol -Propanol, propylene, alcohol -Butanol, bulyl alcohol -Pentanol, Pentine alcohol -Hexanol, hexyl alcohol Hectanol, hectyl alcohol
5 слайд
The name of the IUPAC international name system is to add the alcohol
to the hydrocarbons. The OH group is selected from the longest chain,
selected from the hydroxyl group of carbon atoms on the nearest side:
CH 3
5 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1
CH
3 -CH-CH-CH-CH
3 CH
3 - C - CH - CH
3
CH
3 CH
3 OH CH
3 OH
3 ,4 – dimethylpentanol -2 3,3 – dimethylbutanol -2Names, isomers
5 слайд
The name of the IUPAC international name system is to add the alcohol to the hydrocarbons. The OH group is selected from the longest chain, selected from the hydroxyl group of carbon atoms on the nearest side: CH 3 5 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 CH 3 -CH-CH-CH-CH 3 CH 3 - C - CH - CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 OH CH 3 OH 3 ,4 – dimethylpentanol -2 3,3 – dimethylbutanol -2Names, isomers
6 слайд
1. Constriction of a hydrocarbon framework.
С H
3 – CH
2 - CH
2 - CH
2 - OH Butanol -1
2. Depending on the location of hydroxyl group in the
hydrocarbon list
CH
3 - CH
2 - CH
2 - CH – CH
3 Pentanol -2
ОН
3. Interclass is isomirization
СН
3 - О – С
2 Н
5 Methyl ethyl alcohol
6 слайд
1. Constriction of a hydrocarbon framework. С H 3 – CH 2 - CH 2 - CH 2 - OH Butanol -1 2. Depending on the location of hydroxyl group in the hydrocarbon list CH 3 - CH 2 - CH 2 - CH – CH 3 Pentanol -2 ОН 3. Interclass is isomirization СН 3 - О – С 2 Н 5 Methyl ethyl alcohol
7 слайд
Methyl alcohol
CH3 OH. Colarless liquid with its own o as an ador. Very toxic.
The eye affects the nerves.
A small amount is blind, even killing a person. As a solvent, for
motor fuel and for the production of chemicals, such as anthroic
acid, plasticts, and other substanced. Dyestuffs are used as
solvents in the industry.
7 слайд
Methyl alcohol CH3 OH. Colarless liquid with its own o as an ador. Very toxic. The eye affects the nerves. A small amount is blind, even killing a person. As a solvent, for motor fuel and for the production of chemicals, such as anthroic acid, plasticts, and other substanced. Dyestuffs are used as solvents in the industry.
8 слайд
Ethyl alcohol (ethanol )
C2H5OH it is purified by it is colorless liquid, dissolved in
water, fermented sugar or starch.
Ethyl alcohol is harmful to human organisms.
Under the influence of alcohol, the gastrics and intestinal
Tract is damaged and the liver’s functional is broken.
Alcohol degrades the brain, contributes to its nervours cells,
reduces the human thinking ability, and speech and
coordination of behavior are located. Recently, the method
off extracting ethyl alcohol from wooden fibers has been
developing extensively.
8 слайд
Ethyl alcohol (ethanol ) C2H5OH it is purified by it is colorless liquid, dissolved in water, fermented sugar or starch. Ethyl alcohol is harmful to human organisms. Under the influence of alcohol, the gastrics and intestinal Tract is damaged and the liver’s functional is broken. Alcohol degrades the brain, contributes to its nervours cells, reduces the human thinking ability, and speech and coordination of behavior are located. Recently, the method off extracting ethyl alcohol from wooden fibers has been developing extensively.
9 слайд
Propyl alcohol –propanol СН
3 -СН
2 -СН
2 -ОН acetol
and solvents are used.
Ethylene glicol- is sweet flavor liquid. Used as
antifreeze. It is used in the production of polygraphy,
fabric dyeing and cosmetic produce in the industry.
Hacquers for painting .
Glycerine CH2-OH-sweet tasty pasta.
CH-OH synthesis of liquid natural fats.
9 слайд
Propyl alcohol –propanol СН 3 -СН 2 -СН 2 -ОН acetol and solvents are used. Ethylene glicol- is sweet flavor liquid. Used as antifreeze. It is used in the production of polygraphy, fabric dyeing and cosmetic produce in the industry. Hacquers for painting . Glycerine CH2-OH-sweet tasty pasta. CH-OH synthesis of liquid natural fats.
10 слайд
1. Removal of halogenated hydrocarbons :
С
2 Н
5 Br + HOH C
2 H
5 OH + HBr
2. Hydrogeneration of unsaturated hydrocarbons :
H
2 C= CH
2 + H
2 O H+
CH
3 - CH
2 OH
3. Methanol production in the industry :
СО + Н
2 Р .t. кат
СН
3 ОН
4. Ethanol can also be obtained by fermentation of carbohydrates :
С
6 Н
12 О
6 ферменттер
2 С
2 Н
5 ОН + 2СО
2
Glucoz ethanol
10 слайд
1. Removal of halogenated hydrocarbons : С 2 Н 5 Br + HOH C 2 H 5 OH + HBr 2. Hydrogeneration of unsaturated hydrocarbons : H 2 C= CH 2 + H 2 O H+ CH 3 - CH 2 OH 3. Methanol production in the industry : СО + Н 2 Р .t. кат СН 3 ОН 4. Ethanol can also be obtained by fermentation of carbohydrates : С 6 Н 12 О 6 ферменттер 2 С 2 Н 5 ОН + 2СО 2 Glucoz ethanol
11 слайд
Chemical properties
Hydcarbons, as well as carbon and hydrogen atoms,
produce carbon (IV) oxides and water, heat dissolves
when alcohols burn:
С
2 Н
5 ОН + О
2 → 2СО
2 ↑ + 3Н
2 О + Q
Since alcohols are emitted by combustion, they are
used as car petrol in alcohol and in some countries.
Ethylene can be obtained from ethyl alcohol in the
presence of water absorbing agents, such as
concentrated sulfuric aced aced.
Н2SO4 конц.
СН
3 – СН
2 ОН → СН
2 =СН
2 + Н – ОН
11 слайд
Chemical properties Hydcarbons, as well as carbon and hydrogen atoms, produce carbon (IV) oxides and water, heat dissolves when alcohols burn: С 2 Н 5 ОН + О 2 → 2СО 2 ↑ + 3Н 2 О + Q Since alcohols are emitted by combustion, they are used as car petrol in alcohol and in some countries. Ethylene can be obtained from ethyl alcohol in the presence of water absorbing agents, such as concentrated sulfuric aced aced. Н2SO4 конц. СН 3 – СН 2 ОН → СН 2 =СН 2 + Н – ОН
12 слайд
1. The interaction of alcohol with alkaline and alkaline earth memes
2С
2 Н
5 ОН + 2 Na 2 С
2 H
5 ONa + H
2
2. Burning
С
2 Н
5 ОН +3О
2 2 СО
2 + 3Н
2 О
3. Oxidation of alcohols primary alcohols oxidation :
О О
СН
3 – СН
2 – ОН (о)
СН
3 – С (о)
- СН
3 -С
ethanol -Н2О
Н ОН acetic acid
Oxidation of secondary alcohol :
СН
3 - СН – СН
3 (О) СН
3 –С – СН
3
ОН -Н
2 О ОН
Propanol -2 acetone
12 слайд
1. The interaction of alcohol with alkaline and alkaline earth memes 2С 2 Н 5 ОН + 2 Na 2 С 2 H 5 ONa + H 2 2. Burning С 2 Н 5 ОН +3О 2 2 СО 2 + 3Н 2 О 3. Oxidation of alcohols primary alcohols oxidation : О О СН 3 – СН 2 – ОН (о) СН 3 – С (о) - СН 3 -С ethanol -Н2О Н ОН acetic acid Oxidation of secondary alcohol : СН 3 - СН – СН 3 (О) СН 3 –С – СН 3 ОН -Н 2 О ОН Propanol -2 acetone
13 слайд
13 слайд
14 слайд
SolventSolventBlueBlue
checkcheck
FoodFood
industryindustry InmedicineInmedicine
PaintsPaints FUELFUEL
ParfumaryParfumary PlasticPlasticCC
22 HH
55 OHOH
14 слайд
SolventSolventBlueBlue checkcheck FoodFood industryindustry InmedicineInmedicine PaintsPaints FUELFUEL ParfumaryParfumary PlasticPlasticCC 22 HH 55 OHOH
15 слайд
SolventSolvent
О
Н- С
ОН
AnthracicAnthracic
acidacid О
Н- С
Н
formaldehydeformaldehydeСНСН
33 ОН ОН
PlasticPlastic
FuelFuel СН
3 С l
ChlorineChlorine
15 слайд
SolventSolvent О Н- С ОН AnthracicAnthracic acidacid О Н- С Н formaldehydeformaldehydeСНСН 33 ОН ОН PlasticPlastic FuelFuel СН 3 С l ChlorineChlorine
