Problem solving

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PROBLEM SOLVING TEACHING

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PLAN: INTRPDUCTION1 WHAT IS PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD?2 STEPS OF PROBLEM SOLVING 3 3 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 4 4 TECHNIQUES5

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INTRODUCTION Problem solving is an instructional method or technique where by the teacher and pupils attempt in a conscious, planned and purposeful effort to arrive of some explanation or solution to some educationally significant difficulty for the purpose of finding a solution.

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Students are presented with problems which require them to find either a scientific or technological solution. It is a student-centered strategy which require students to become active participants in the learning process. 

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What is problem-solving?

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STEPS OF PROBLEM SOLVING

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Step Characteristics 1. DEFINE THE PROBLEM • Differentiate fact from opinion • Specify underlying causes • Consult each faction involved for information • State the problem specifically • Identify what standard or expectation is violated • Determine in which process the problem lies • Avoid trying to solve the problem without data

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2. GENERATE ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS • Postpone evaluating alternatives initially • Include all involved individuals in the generating of alternatives • Specify alternatives consistent with organizational goals • Specify short- and long-term alternatives • Brainstorm on others' ideas • Seek alternatives that may solve the problem

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3. EVALUATE AND SELECT AN ALTERNATIVE • Evaluate alternatives relative to a target standard • Evaluate all alternatives without bias • Evaluate alternatives relative to established goals • Evaluate both proven and possible outcomes • State the selected alternative explicitly

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4. IMPLEMENT AND FOLLOW UP ON THE SOLUTION • Plan and implement a pilot test of the chosen alternative • Gather feedback from all affected parties • Seek acceptance or consensus by all those affected • Establish ongoing measures and monitoring • Evaluate long-term results based on final solution

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

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