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Teaching methods of
functional literacy in
English lessons
Prepared by: Kulybekov Aidar
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What is functional literacy?
Functional literacy is the ability of a person to freely
use the skills and abilities of reading and writing to
obtain information from a text, that is, for its
understanding, compression, transformation and for
transmitting such information in real communication.
Functional literacy refers to the practical skill set
needed to read, write, and do math for real-life
purposes, so people can function effectively in their
community.
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The formation of functional
literacy
The formation of functional literacy is a difficult
process that requires the teacher to use modern forms
and methods of teaching. By applying these forms and
methods, we will be able to educate an initiative,
independent, creatively thinking person .
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technologies for developing
critical thinking through
reading and writing
The С TTRW technology allows you to solve the
following tasks:
Educational motivation: increasing of interest
in the learning process and active perception of
educational material;
Culture of writing: formation of skills of
writing texts in various genres;
Information literacy: developing the ability to
self analyze and evaluate information of any
complexity;
Social competence: formation of
communication skills and responsibility for
knowledge.
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Value
The main idea of this technology is
to create a reading atmosphere in
which students actively work with
the teacher, deliberately reflect,
track, confirm, refute or expand
knowledge.
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An INSERT technology
Without functional reading, the
formation of critical thinking is
impossible. Therefore, it is necessary
to learn to read from a certain angle.
One of the techniques comes to the
teacher's aid – an I N S E R T .
This technique is a tool that allows
the student to track his understanding
of the task read the text. Technically,
it is quite simple.
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This method is for reading with notes :
Students are given a text ( the text can be of a scientific or
journalistic style of speech). While reading, students put icons
on the margins:
" ? "- it is unclear,
“ + " - I agree
" - " - raises doubts
“ V "- I know this information
What does this teach us?
Distributing the material into the main and secondary parts of speech
appraising of information
Navigating in educational texts and other sources of information.
Independently work with information
Drawing conclusions.
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How can I use it in my lesson?
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At the beginning of the lesson, to
motivate students.
•
At the stage of understanding of
information.
•
At the stage of reflection. Creating a
table based on the text.
Thus, " INSERT” is a technique for
developing critical thinking. We use for
the formation of such a universal
educational action as the ability to
systematize and analyze information .
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THICK AND THIN QUESTIONS
“ Thick and thin questions ” is a way of organizing
mutual questioning of students on the text.
A thin question can be answered in one word; doesn't
explain how, what, or why. It is a short answer that is
clearly spotted and is all facts. Example: What is today's
date?
A thick question is a question that requires more than a
one- or two-word response. This is answered using many
sentences; answers the how, why, what. It is an inference
and a think and search question. It deals with the big
picture and large concepts. Thick answers are involved,
complex, and open ended.
Example: Why do you think the three Bears did not lock
their door?
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How can I use it in my lesson?
The method is aimed at the implementation
of three goals at once, which are set at any
lesson:
Teaches the child to apply new
knowledge in practice and
correlate it with the already
received;
Develops the ability to formulate
questions; answer them fully and
briefly, build complex statements
Instills respect for different
opinions and views on the same
problem .
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Plus, Minus & Interesting (PMI)
PMI is a brainstorming technique for
gathering feedback on an idea, concept, or
when a team takes a retrospective look at a
recently completed set of work. After
introducing the idea, the group is asked to
write individual notes about what they found
positive (plus), negative (minus), and what
they thought was neither good nor bad but
interesting. Feedback is shared and charted in
the three categories, then discussed by the
group.
There are several related techniques that use
different categories for stimulating critical
thinking, such as De Bono's 6 Hats Technique;
Plus-Delta; Start, Stop, Continue; and 4Ls
(Liked, Learned, Lacked, Longed For).
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1. In the column " P " - "plus", everything that you
know from the text is written; everything that you
liked in the lesson; information and forms of work
that caused positive emotions, or, in the opinion of
the student, can be useful to him to achieve some
goals
2. The column " M " - "minus" records everything that
you did not know before and found out only from
the information of the text; Everything that I did not
like in the lesson, seemed boring, caused dislike,
remained incomprehensible. Maybe there was
information in the lesson that, according to the
student, turned out to be unnecessary for him,
useless from the point of their view of solving life
situations.
3. In the column “I" - "interesting", students enter all
the interesting facts that they learned about in the
lesson, from the text, what else would they like to
know about this problem, questions to the teacher.
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Clustering methods
help in grouping the data points into clusters, using
the different techniques are used to pick the
appropriate result for the problem, these clustering
techniques helps in grouping the data points into
similar categories, and each of these subcategories is
further divided into subcategories to assist the
exploration of the queries output.
This clustering method helps grouping valuable data
into clusters and picks appropriate results based on
different techniques. For example, in information
retrieval, the results of the query are grouped into
small clusters, and each cluster has irrelevant results.
By Clustering techniques, they are grouped into
similar categories, and each category is subdivided
into sub-categories to assist in the exploration of
queries output.
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Cinquain
What is a cinquain?
Cinquain - methodical technique, which is a
collection of verses of 5 lines. Moreover, the
spelling of each of them is subject to certain
principles, rules. Thus, there is a brief summary
summarizing the study material. Cinquain is one of
the technologies of critical thinking that activates
students' mental activity through reading and
writing. Creating cinquain is free creativity, which
requires the student to find and highlight the most
important elements in the subject being studied,
analyze them, draw conclusions and formulate
briefly, based on the basic principles of writing a
poem.
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Rules for building cinquain s
•
The first line of the poem is its theme. It is represented in
just one word and necessarily a noun.
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The second line consists of two words that reveal the main
topic, describing it. These should be adjectives. The use of
participles is allowed.
•
The third line , through the use of verbs or participles,
describes actions related to a word that is the subject of a
cinquain e. The third line contains three words.
•
The fourth line is no longer a set of words, but a whole
phrase, with the help of which the component expresses its
attitude to the topic. In this case, it can be either a proposal
made by the student independently, or a winged
expression, proverb, quote, aphorism, necessarily in the
context of the subject.
•
The fifth line is just one word, which is a summary . Most
often, it is simply a synonym for the theme of the poem
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How to use cinquains in training?
The topic chosen for compiling the cinquain
should be close and interesting to students. The
best results can be achieved if there is room for
emotionality, sensuality.
Children are not always immediately involved in
work. Difficulties can be associated with the need
for analysis, understanding of the topic, lack of
vocabulary, misunderstanding of certain terms,
fear of mistakes. To help children, it is necessary
to ask leading questions, expand their horizons,
encourage any aspirations of students and answer
emerging questions.
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The main task of a teacher using the lesson method is to think
through a clear system of logically interconnected elements,
allow students to understand and remember the material of the
subject.
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Advantages
I nterest in the studied material increases;
I maginative thinking develops;
S tudents' creative abilities develop;
C ommunicative skills and abilities to express
your thoughts briefly and concisely are
improved;
T hinking and imagination develops;
A bility to analyze is developed;
T he time allocated for storing information is
reduced;
V ocabulary is expanding.When create
a cinquain in a
class
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Examples
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Cinquain is an analysis and synthesis of information, a pun. This
is poetry that promotes creative self-development and beautiful
expression of one’s thoughts. This is a way of writing original and
beautiful poems. That is why cinquain, as a method of training, is
becoming increasingly popular and is increasingly being used in
the educational process. Cinquain “Soft drink”
Yummy, Bubbly
Drinking, tasting, enjoying
Not that healthy
Fanta
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Сіз үшін 400 000 ұстаздардың еңбегі мен тәжірибесін біріктіріп, ең үлкен материалдар базасын жасадық. Төменде пәніңізді белгілеп, керек материалды алып сабағыңызға қолдана аласыз