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Flatworms Planarian Tapeworm

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They have soft and flat bodies. They show bilateral symmetry. They have three tissue layers; Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm Platyhelminthes (Flat Worms)

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General characteristics of Flatworms They have bilateral symmetry Mesoderm Endoderm They have 3 tissue layers Ectoderm

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They are hermaphroditic (can produce both egg and sperm cells). Have ladder-like nerves system. Excretory organs are Flame cells (protonephridia). They have ladder-like nerves system

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Excretory organs are Flame cells (protonephridia)

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Types of Flatworms 1.Turbellaria Ex: Planarian 2. Trematoda Ex: Flukes 3. Cestoda Ex: Tapeworm

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1. Turbellaria: Characteristics of Planarian Planaria is the most important example. Mostly live in fresh water. Have two eye spots. Have only one opening at the centre serve as mouth and anus. The ability of regeneration is high.

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Planarian

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Regeneration of Planaria The ability of an organism to regrow lost parts is called regeneration.

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Question 1. Which type of nerve system is found in the planarian? A) Central B) Radial C) Ladder D) Ganglial E) Cord 2. Waste materials in the flatworms are excreted by _____________. A) Kidney B) Nerves C) Neuron D) Protonephridia E) Proglottis

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Answers 1. Which type of nerve system is found in the planarian? A) Central B) Radial C) Ladder D) Ganglial E) Cord 2. Waste materials in the flatworms are excreted by _____________. A) Kidney B) Nerves C) Neuron D) Protonephridia E) Proglottis C) Ladder D) Protonephridia

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Question: Label the body parts of Planaria

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Answer

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2) Trematoda Example: Flukes Flukes are the most important example. They are parasite on vertebrates and human. They use human and snail as a Host. Ex: Blood flukes and Liver flukes.

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Life cycle of flukes

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Flukes in the liver

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3. Cestoda: Tapeworms Tapeworms are the most important example. They are parasite on vertebrates and human. Have 2 body part Scolex (head) and Proglottis (all body segments). Have hooks and suckers on their scolex to attach the host.

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Body parts of Tapeworm

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Scolex Have no digestive system but have well developed reproductive system (1 million egg in a day). Ex: pork, beef, dog and fish tapeworm. They have hooks and suckers on their Scolex to attach the host.

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Proglottis They have no digestive system but have well developed reproductive system (1 million egg in a day) Proglottis

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Life cycle of Tapeworm

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Questions 1. Which of the following lives in human liver as parasite? A) Flukes B) Tapeworm C) Earthworm D) Ascarida E) Trichina 2. Which structure produces egg and sperm cells in the tapeworms? A) Scolex B) Sucker C) Head D) Hooks E) Proglottids

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Answers 1. Which of the following lives in human liver as parasite? A) Flukes B) Tapeworm C) Earthworm D) Ascarida E) Trichina 2. Which structure produces egg and sperm cells in the tapeworms? A) Scolex B) Sucker C) Head D) Hooks E) Proglottids A) Flukes E) Proglottids

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