Кәсіптік шетел тілі әдістемелік нұсқау

Жезказганский гуманитарный колледж

Методическое пособие

«Профессиональный английский язык»

Составитель: Естаева А.С.

Ж езказган 2018-2019 уч. год

Content

1. Kazakhstan 3

2. Education in Kazakhstan 4

3. The United Kingdom of GB 7

4. Educational system of the UK 10

5. School VS College 11

6. Professions 14

II Part. Grammar

7. Articles 19

8. Pronouns 23

9. Degrees of comparison of adjectives 29

10. Simple Tenses 35

11. Continuous Tenses 45

12. Perfect Tenses 46

13. Reported Speech 52

14. Passive Voice 53

15. Irregular verbs 55

16. List of references 58

Kazakhstan

Read and translate the text.

The Republic of Kazakhstan is situated in the Central Asia. The area of Kazakhstan is 2753000 square kilometres. Its population is about 16 million. The population lives mostly in towns and cities and large villages. The largest cities are Almaty, Karaganda, Shimkent, Pavlodar and Nur-Sultan. Nur-Sultan (Astana) is the capital of the Republic. It is situated in the central part of the country.

Kazakh is the official language of the country, but it is not the only lan­guage which people speak in the country. Russian and other languages are spoken here too.

Kazakhstan borders China, Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kirgizia. There is a long border coast line on the Caspian Sea in the Southwest.

There are a few rivers and lakes in Kazakhstan. The four rivers are the main resources of water in the country. They are Irtish, in the east, Syr-Darya in the southwest, Illi in the southeast and Ural in the northwest of the country. The largest lakes are Balhash, Zaisan, Ala-Kol and Tengis. The flora and fauna of the country are different. They depend on the climate of the area. They are richer in the south and poorer in the north.

The climate of the country is strongly continental. It is cold in winter and hot in summer. Rain usually falls in spring and autumn. Snow falls in all areas but not at the same time. In spring green grass and flowers of different colors cover flat lands and hills.

Kazakhstan has well-developed heavy industry in many cities and towns, As the result of the development of heavy industry the country suffers seri­ous environmental problems. Agriculture takes a very important sector in the national economy. The people of the country grow wheat, millet, corn and cotton.

As a sovereign state Kazakhstan has its own national flag and anthem and national traditions and holidays. The national flag of the country consists of a light blue field at the centre of which there is yellow sun framed by the wings of a flying eagle, also in yellow, with a vertical stripe of national ornamenta­tions near the hoist.

Answer the questions:

1. Where is the Republic of Kazakhstan situated?

2. What is the size of the area of Kazakhstan?

3. What can you say about the population of the Republic?

4. What is the capital of the Republic?

5. Where is it situated?

6. What is the official language of the country?

Educational system of Kazakhstan

Topical vocabulary:

1. education – образование, воспитание

2. compulsory – обязательный

3. secondary – средний

4. higher- высший

5. private –частный

6. state – государственный

7. free – бесплатный

8. to educate –давать образование

9. be educated at – обучаться

10. to attend –посещать

11. a boarding school –закрытая школа, интернат

12. expensive – дорогой, дорогостоящий

13. quality – качество

14. discipline- дисциплина

15. successful – успешный

16. prominent – выдающийся, известный

17. age – возраст

18. voluntary –добровольный

19. a nursery school – детский сад

20. comprehensive – общеобразовательный

21. primary-начальная

Read and try to translate the following Chinese proverb:

Teachers open the door but you must enter by yourself.
-Do you agree with it?
-What does college mean to you?
-How do you understand “a good education”?
-Do you need a good education?

-Can you say that you are a hard-working student?

Read the following proverbs and find an equivalent in Russian/Kazakh:

• Live and learn.

• It’sneverlatetolearn.

• Practice makes perfect.

• A little learning is a dangerous thing.

• Learning is an eye in the mind.

• Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.

Read and translate the text.

The educational system in Kazakhstan is conducted in two languages - Kazakh and Russian and consists of several levels of state and private educational establishments: infant schools, elementary (or primary) schools, comprehensive schools, colleges and academies. The constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan fixes the right of citizens of the republic on free-of-charge secondary education which is obligatory. The constitution prohibits any discrimination on the basis of language or ethnicity and guarantees equal rights in education regardless of nationality. Children start school at the age of 7 and finish at 17. As a rule a child attends the school, located in the neighborhood. However, in big cities there are so-called special schools, offering more in depth studies of the major European languages (English, French, German) or the advanced courses in physics and mathematics and children, attending one of this may have to commute from home.

The first stage of education in Kazakhstan is elementary (or primary) school for grades one through four. Primary school is provided free to all citizens and residents of Kazakhstan and parents typically pay only for extra-curricular activities such as sports programs, music programs, and sometimes lab equipment or other special equipment. The second is secondary school for middle grades from five through nine. Upon graduation from secondary school students are given the choice of either continuing to attend the same school (high school -senior grades 10-11) or entering a vocational or technical school. Both of these schools are meant to provide one, along with the certificate of secondary education with a number of useful skills (e.g. those of an electrician, technical or computer operators.) Having completed one's secondary education, one can either become a part of work force or go on college (institution of higher learning-Institute).

To be admitted to the institute one has to pass a series of oral or written tests. Students may get free-of-charge higher education in the higher educational institution and the limited number of the state grants is given each academic year on a competitive basis. Some college departments (law, journalism, foreign language-especially English) have dozens of applicants for one prospective student's position. The system of higher education prepares highly - skilled experts on economy, transport, agriculture, medicine, languages and others. Today the young people of Kazakhstan have the opportunity to choose and acquire various types of education and build their lives according to their ambitions. Studying of foreign languages and development of computer skills of pupils is of a special importance. More opportunities appear for the interested persons to be trained abroad on the basis of local and state grants, scholarships.

Translate the sentences from Russian into English:

1. Образовательная система в Казахстане проводится на двух языках - казахский язык и русский язык

2. Государственные и частные образовательные учреждения

3. Образование в Казахстане обязательно и гарантируется Конституцией.

4. Конституция РК запрещает любую дискриминацию на основании языка или этнической принадлежности

5. Дети начинают учиться в возрасте 7 лет и заканчивают в 17.

6. Первая стадия образования в Казахстане - элементарная (или начальная) школа

7. Сегодня молодежь Казахстана имеет возможность выбрать различные виды специальностей согласно их жизненным амбициям.

8. Изучение иностранных языков и развития компьютерных навыков имеет большое значение.

True-False sentences:

1. The secondary education in KZ is very expensive.

2. Children in KZ go to the first grade at the age of 6.

3. At secondary school pupils study for 5 years.

4. Pupils don't study English language at the primary school.

5. Schools in KZ are conducted in Kazakh and Russian.

6. In the 9th grade students pass the school exams.

7. Secondary education in Kazakhstan is compulsory.

8. Free-of-charge secondary education is the right of Kazakhstani citizens.

The United Kingdom

Topical Vocabulary

1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland –Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии

2. to be situated on- быть расположенным на

3. to consist of smth.- состоять из чего-либо

4. total area- общая площадь

5. population- население

6. urban- городской

7. to be made up of smth.- состоять из чего-либо

8. to include smth.- включать что-либо

9. to be separated from ... by- отделяться от (чего-либо чем-либо)

10. to be washed by- омываться (чем-либо)

11. surface- поверхность

12. to vary- варьировать, меняться

13. mountainous- гористый

14. a valley- долина

15. a plain- равнина

16. to influence smth.- оказывать влияние на что-либо

17. mild- умеренный

18. a highly developed industrial country- высокоразвитая промышленная страна

19. to produce smth.- производить что-либо

20. to export smth.- экспортировать что-либо

21. machinery- станки

22. the chief industry- ведущая отрасль промышленности

23. shipbuilding- судостроение

24. a constitutional monarchy- конституционная монархия

Read and translate the text:

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. The British Isles consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and about five thousands small islands. Their total area is over 244 000 square kilometres.

The United Kingdom is one of the world’s smaller countries. Its population is over 57 million. About 80 percent of the population is urban.

The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast respectively. Great Britain consists of England, Scotland and Wales and does not include Northern Ireland. But in everyday speech «Great Britain» is used in the meaning of the «United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland». The capital of the UK is London.

The British Isles are separated from the Continent by the North Sea, the English Channel and the Strait of Dover. The western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea.

The surface of the British Isles varies very much. The north of