The philosophical problems
of the Internet system and global information
networks
Key
words: Internet system, philosophy,
philosophical problems, global information
networks.
The main vector of development
of the world civilization of the XXI century is in the field of the
formation of the information sphere. The result of the ongoing
information revolution is a post-industrial type of society - the
information society. Modern information and communication
technologies are the true driving force of global technological
development, multiply existing knowledge and spiritual values,
expand the scope of use of scientific and technological
achievements. One of the areas of application of information and
communication technologies is global computer
networks.
The most widespread and
massive global information computer network is the Internet, in
which the main processes are similar to the evolution in other
systems. That is why the identification of patterns of development
of the Internet information computer network, its application is an
urgent problem of the philosophy of science and
technology.
The
object of the project
work is
the Internet system and global
information networks as a philosophical phenomenon, and
the subject of the project
work
is
the Internet system and global
information networks problem of philosophy
science.
According to some researchers,
at the present stage of development, the technological component of
social development is more significant than it was at the beginning
of the XX century, and the speed of changes occurring under its
influence is so great that several cycles of technological renewal
occur before the eyes of one generation. Accordingly, there are
opportunities for assumptions and general conclusions, including
philosophical ones.
The need for philosophical
research on the problem of the introduction of the Internet system
and global information networks into the life of modern society is
due to the global restructuring of all aspects of the functioning
of society based on Internet technologies and the unique pace of
their implementation.
The project work provides a
philosophical understanding of the influence of the Internet system
and global information networks on various aspects of the life of
modern society, positive and negative consequences, patterns and
prospects of development.
Philosophical problems of the
Internet system and global information networks are considered in
the works of V. I. Arshinov, Yu. A. Danilov, V. V. Tarasenko. In
general, the philosophical understanding of the phenomenon of the
Internet in the modern philosophical literature is still
insufficiently presented.
The research devoted to the
problems and essence of virtual reality was conducted by N. N.
Aleksenko, G. S. Batygin, A.V. Govorunov, M. M. Kuznetsov, B. N.
Kutelia, G. P. Menchikov, L. A. Mikeshina, N. A. Nosov, M. Yu.
Openkov, K. Rademacher.
The purpose of the
study. The purpose of this project
work is to identify new opportunities of the Internet system and
global information networks in the modern world and their use in
solving various philosophical problems, in particular the problem
of the unity of the world.
Network is a system through
which the communication process is formed. The basis of any network
is communication between individuals. Over the past few decades,
people have had to go through a psychological transformation of
consciousness. The life of an ordinary person is now shrouded in a
network of contacts, at any time of the day he is connected to a
mobile phone. Social connections are transformed, becoming
impersonal and operationalized. Due to mobility, the rapid
emergence and simultaneous equally rapid termination of contacts
are characterized as a fleeting phenomenon (an excellent example of
this is e—mail and SMS messages). A person who wants to become a
part of a network society needs to determine his place in an
endless stream of messages and build a communicative activity. The
mobility and education of an individual helps him to solve many
multidirectional tasks and process more information, which in turn
requires huge physical effort and leads to serious psychological
overload.
The concept of the rhizome,
put forward by French postmodernists, is a kind of philosophical
representation of the organization of the network. The term
"rhizome" is borrowed from botany, where it denotes the structure
of the root system without a central taproot, in place of which
many roots are randomly intertwined. Thus, the social prototype of
the rhizome can be called connections devoid of centralization,
orderliness and symmetry: since it is possible to connect each
point of the system with any other, it is not hierarchical. In this
way, a whole "root system" of connections is formed, and the
network can be broken anywhere without harm to it as a whole. An
example of such a rhizome is the core of a network society — the
global Internet.
Nowadays, the Internet is a
key mechanism that forms networks. According to E. I.
Yaroslavtseva, it stood out as a unique, highly significant,
productive communication zone and is a single global space of
communication and communication.
Communicative activity on the
Internet can be divided into three types:
1) real-time communication
(these are so-called chats) when a user connects with one or more
users. The topic of this type of communication is
arbitrary;
2) e-mail (E-mail is an e-mail
that is arranged in the same way as a regular one: the text is
"enclosed" in an "envelope", in special places of which the
addresses of the recipient and the user are indicated). E-mail can
be considered as a revival of the epistolary genre, and it is
unique in that it can be delivered almost instantly to any point of
the planet included in the network;
3) teleconferences
(newsgroups). The program, called the news server, receives
messages from users and places them in an archive accessible to
users of client programs for reading teleconferences. Communication
takes place on a specific topic.
The idea of an information
society is attractive because in the future it will carry
progressive changes in all spheres of human life: from the state,
the fate of democracy, class structure to the labor market and the
education system. Often modern society is associated with the
emergence of a highly educated stratum of professionals who have
formed as an antipode to the rest, who will be overwhelmed by a
wave of trifling messages, sensations and confusing propaganda. The
ever-increasing lack of understanding of what is happening, the
general picture of a new, constantly changing world requires more
and more knowledge from people. And, although a huge amount of
incoming information creates serious difficulties in its
classification and systematization in order to obtain knowledge,
without providing information capabilities it is difficult to live
normally in conditions of complete uncertainty and
ignorance.
To determine the level of
students' use of modern forms of information technology to obtain
information, a corresponding survey was conducted. Respondents were
students of Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations
and World Languages.
As a result, it turned out
that 71.2% of respondents, in their opinion, use these
technologies, and other 28.8% do not them at all. At the same time,
more than a quarter of the respondents use the Internet to
communicate with their friends, especially the Instagram
network.
That is why it is important to
note the special significance that the increment of knowledge
acquires in modern society. This is primarily due to the fact that
the information society is increasingly characterized by
uncertainty and ambiguity, the elimination of which requires new
knowledge. While a person turns the flow of information into
knowledge, they gradually become obsolete, there is a need to
obtain new information and the need to reflect on it, because
knowledge is a prerequisite for action, creates the ability to
carry it out. Otherwise, human activity turns out to be
unpredictable, and the results are often outdated in their meaning,
since they offer “yesterday's answers to today's
questions”.
In the course of the study, it
was revealed that only slightly more than a third of the
respondents (34.4%) actively use information technologies when
searching for the necessary information at school or at work, and
they turn them into knowledge. Others use information technology
for other purposes. Less than a third (29.8%) use them when looking
for information for entertainment. About a quarter of respondents
use Internet technologies when communicating with relatives,
friends, acquaintances (23.5%), that is, they use information
technologies to satisfy their social needs and receive emotional
satisfaction. 8.3% of respondents use information technologies to
purchase goods in Internet shops.
Students' confidence in the
information disseminated on the Internet is not high. It is
experienced by 33.3% of respondents. About a quarter of the
respondents do not trust this information. The rest cannot
determine their position, because they did not think about
it.
The overwhelming majority of
students are not interested in knowledge, but prefer to use
information technology for entertainment, obtaining reference
information, ordering tickets, inquiries, but most of all for
communication.
According to the results of
the survey, we identified two social consequences of the use of
information technologies:
-
The huge flow of information
makes it difficult to acquire the necessary knowledge. To this
problem is added the lack of interest among modern youth in the
so-called "serious knowledge", with a corresponding "solid"
content.
-
The inability and
unwillingness to comprehend the received content leads to distrust
of information on the part of the overwhelming number of
students.
According to the results of
our survey, we identified social consequences of the use
of information technologies, and in order to this there are our
suggestions:
1 It is necessary to compile
an approximate list of sources where the required information may
be located (books, textbooks, Internet sites, maps, photographs,
audio recordings, videos, statistics,
etc.)
2 It is necessary to correctly
and grammatically correctly formulate the request (it is very
important to clearly understand what exactly you want to
find).
3 It is necessary to use the
information already available that can help in finding the missing
(for example, when searching for data in periodicals, knowing the
dates of publication of publications can help, when searching for a
poem on the Internet even a couple of words from a line can help,
etc.)
Once you define your search
area, you can begin to take action. These actions are based on
methods of working with information:
-
Brainstorm
-
Filtration
-
Analysis
-
Re-analysis
-
Conclusions and
wording
Additionally, accept and
acknowledge that all interesting information cannot be captured.
Found an interesting text – read it. It is better to get acquainted
with one piece of information in its entirety than to look at
several and not bear anything useful for
yourself.
Before looking for something
on the Internet, search your head first. What if it's there. Since
being online has a huge impact on the clutter of our brains, it is
important to spend time on the Internet as efficiently as possible.
To do this, use special applications that show the time spent
online. And think, "What are you spending your life
on?"
Today, on social networks,
opinions and thoughts of different people are constantly
encountered, which do not bring us any benefit. Therefore, filter
subscriptions and channels. Read what is interesting and important
to you.
“The Internet brings to the
reader tons of rubbish and grains of golden sand, and the ability
to choose the most interesting is becoming a highly demanded
talent,” said modern Russian writer Marta
Ketro.
First, define the topics and
information that interest you, then divide the incoming data
according to the selected topic. Moreover, there should not be many
important topics or areas, so as not to bring unnecessary stress on
the brain. Thus, it will be easier to highlight the information you
are interested in, filter it by directions, and also discard
information garbage that does not correspond to the selected
directions.
In the XXI century, the pace
of information technology development has shifted towards media
activities and information exchange processes. As a result, what
happens in a certain space reaches consumers of information in a
matter of seconds. This impulse has created an interactive
environment in the community in which the population has equal
opportunities to participate in the exchange of information.
Usually consumers are not always focused on whether the information
they receive or transmit is correct or not. This leads to the
spread of lies in society – fake
information.
In conclusion, the development
of the Internet and related technologies in the near future may
lead to the fact that it will become the leading means of mass
communication, the most important information resource that ensures
the functioning of all structures of modern society and, thanks to
this, the organizational and technological basis of the information
society.
REFERENCES
1. The Cambridge History of
Eighteenth-Century Philosophy. New York: Cambridge University
Press, 2006. Call Number: Ref B 802 .C24
2006.
2. A Companion to American
Thought. Oxford, UK; Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers, 1995.
Call Number: Ref E 169.1 C685 1995.
3. Concise Routledge
Encyclopedia of Philosophy. London: Routledge, 2000. Call Number:
Ref B 51 .C58 2000.
4. The Encyclopedia of
Philosophy. Detroit: Thomson Gale/Macmillan Reference USA, 2006.
Call Number: Ref B 51 .E53 2006.
5. Encyclopedia of the
Enlightenment. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. Call
Number: Ref B 802 .E53 2002.
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