The use of originals and translations of poetic works in teaching English

CONTENTS

Introduction 3

1 Theoretical basis of poetic works in the science of translation. 5

1.1 Definition of a poetic text and problems of translation. 5

1.2 Types of translation of a poetic text 6

1.3 Features of the translation of modern English poetry 7

2 Literary translation of a foreign language poetic text as an effective means

of teaching a foreign language. 9

2.1 Using Poetry in an English Class 9

2.2 The use of original poetic texts for the development of communicative competence in teaching English to schoolchildren 12

Conclusion 15

Bibliography 17

INTRODUCTION

Poetic language is very difficult for a translator. It belongs to the category of "word art". Therefore, all the specific factors of the poem should be taken into account during translation. Including: the aesthetic task of influencing the reader, the task of language (correct use of meaning, consideration of context, use of stylistic tools).

When translating from the original language to the social language, it should be noted that the translation should be almost completely equivalent to the original, provide linguistic and poetic forms. The translation is antonymic, but it is allowed to retain the meaning, some images and details.

The purpose of this work is to review and study the features of translation of poetic texts.

According to the goal, the following tasks are defined:

- determination of the poetic text of such works and the issue of translation;

- listing and comprehensive description of types of translation of poetic text, clarifying in which fields this subtype is used;

- assessment of English poetry, which is still relevant today;

- getting acquainted with the main literary figures of the English language - poets of the 20-21 centuries, providing brief biographical information, talking about creative successes;

- identification of the main differences between Kazakh and English poetry texts, analysis of translations, identification of translational changes made by poet-translators.

The object of the research is to examine the features of the poetic text.

The subject of the research consists of presenting various definitions of poetic text, detailed description of translation types of poetic texts, analysis of Kazakh and English works, bibliographic definitions of poets, consideration of the peculiarities of Kazakh and English poetry that exist. today

The importance of the work is that the translation of the poetic text was and is one of the most difficult tasks of literary translation. It should be said that at the moment there is no clear criterion for the evaluation of poetic works, which ultimately creates a problem for such texts. The issue of evaluating the importance of this type of translation remains open and is currently one of the issues under study.

The research material was the book of scientists, as well as the translation of poetic works into English by researchers.

The methodological basis was the works of domestic and foreign scientists.

The scientific novelty of the course work is that for the first time an attempt was made to determine the ways of expressing different emotions through healthy means, and a comparative analysis of the original texts and their translations is carried out. the real instrumental importance of the poetic text to adequately convey the communicative intent of the original author. The relationship between the communicative effect of the original version and the translation was determined through an associative experiment involving English-speaking listeners - residents of the south of England, residents of Sussex and Russian-speaking recipients.

The theoretical significance of the work is the thesis is in determining the role of visual means of sound in poetic texts; establishing the relationship between the correct organization of poetic speech and pragmatics; development of methods for determining the appropriateness of transmission of voice methods in translation.

The Practical significance of the work is the materials of this thesis can be used in further theoretical studies on the issues of the general theory of translation, as well as in the comparative study of the transmission of linguistic and cultural features in the poetic text. The results of this work can be used as effective methods of influence in the practice of foreign language teaching in the theory and practice of translation, cultural linguistics, theoretical and practical phonetics, university psychology courses and in the study of vocal means emotional state of a person.

1 Theoretical basis of poetic works in the science of translation

1.1 Definition of a poetic text and problems of translation

Translation has a great role in the development of the culture of all mankind. Thanks to translation, people learn the culture of another country, start intercultural communication with each other and find differences in a certain cultural area. Therefore, there are a number of problems in translation. One of them is the translation of a poetic text.

First, we need to define what a poem is and what a poem is about. In the dictionary of Vladimir Ivanovich Dahl, poetry is defined as "elegance in writing; everything is artistically, spiritually and morally beautiful, expressed in words, and also expressed in more measured words. Finally, writings, writings and rules invented for this are called poetry: poetry, poetry and the science of poetry. D.N. Ushakov's interpretation is as follows: "a poem is a poem, a poetic speech, rhythmically organized, the opposite of prose. A collection of poetic works of every social group, people, era, etc." But the main sign of this term can be found in the dictionary of literary terms: "poetry is a lyrical form of image of existence". Similarities and opposites can be seen in the definitions. Each author has explained his thoughts and opinions in his own way and has fully shown the features of the concept of "poetry". There is still no clear definition of the term "poetic text" in the theory of translation. A poetic text is an "organized language" that is "specially" constructed. It is difficult to give a precise definition to this term, because poetry has many problems with internal and external factors that affect language. If we have solved the concepts of "poetry" and "poetic text", let's pay attention to another fundamental term that is of great importance in the analysis of poetry - this is "poetic translation". Poetry translation is "the transfer of a poetic work that has been accepted as a poetic work from one language to another, from one culture to another." That is, the author talks about cultural differences and contradictions that may arise during the translation of a poetic work. It should be said that poetic translation was and remains one of the most complex types of artistic translation [1, 287].

So, what is the specialty and complexity of this type of translation? In the modern science of translation, poetry translation belongs to the department of special issues. A complete classification of problems that arise in the translation of poetry. They identify four basic and fundamental questions that can arise during the work of a translator:

- Is it possible that the whole system of images and associations, which are under the poetic text, are repeated in the poetic translation, and if so, do they affect the reader of the translation in the same way as in the original version?

- Is it possible to translate the poetic text in its original form, and if not, what kind of content and formal loss does it have?

- Is it necessary to try to copy the poetic text to the size of the original, and if this is done, what kind of meaningful and formal loss is associated with it?

- To what extent is it possible and necessary to preserve the characteristics of the original rhyme in the translation?

It is not without reason that the authors pay attention to these issues, because they are currently relevant and demanding. In order to obtain the most complete and appropriate image that can be reproduced with the help of images and associations that appear in the reader, all the features of the translation from a foreign language should be taken into account.

Now many poetic texts are translated with the help of translators. We repeat that in order for the text of the poem to be appropriate and as close to the original translation as possible, we must learn all aspects of the language thoroughly. The translation has several purposes: the analysis before the translation of the text is carried out in order to publish the content and preserve the meaning; interline to recreate the "layout" of the original text, which is more accurate and detailed expression of the translation in the original form, which meets all requirements. Finally, get a complete, artistic, correct translation of the work.

It should be noted that the poetic text contains a complete set of information, which is presented in addition to its meaning. This complex of non-sense information is called aesthetic information. In poetry, especially in lyrics, aesthetic information is often more important than fact, but also conceptual information. Transmitting aesthetic information is the translator's main task [2, 263].

1.2 The specifics of a foreign language lesson

If we talk about the types of translation of poems, it should be said that there is no clear and universally accepted classification. There are several common types of poetic translation that cover all the features and characteristics of poetic translation.

Prose translation of poetry is the simplest among the existing methods of translation of poetic works. It is characterized by obtaining a prose text after translation, which brings the semantic, informative and aesthetic components as close as possible to the original. But it has one big drawback: the poetic form of the work is lost during translation. Therefore, the finished and translated text does not have a rhythmic, rhythmic and musical structure.

Depending on the scope of the prose translation of the poem, it should be considered under what conditions it is acceptable or unacceptable. Often this type is used when summarizing the content of songs performed in different films.

A poetic translation of a poem is understood as a translation that has all the characteristics of a poetic text, except for agreement. That is, the translation takes place in the form of a score.

In this case, although rhyme is not used, it is necessary to follow the poetic measure: iambic, trochee, dactyl, anapest or amphibrach. Related to this, this type of translation requires the translator to have certain skills of testing and knowing the types of poetic meters [3, 38].

As for the scope of this type of translation, it is also limited like prose translation. The main drawback is that the poetic translation without rhyme has a very special feature that does not fit all genres of poetry.

Poetic translation is the creation of a poetic text that corresponds to the original in terms of meaning, form and artistic quality, using all the elements characteristic of a poetic work, including rhyme. Translation of a poem is the pinnacle of artistic translation of a text, because it requires from the translator not only literary talent and the ability to create a poem, but also the ability to adapt the original meaning and thinking to the poetic form of another language. even in artistic language. they use special literary methods.

All the above-mentioned types of translation of the poems have their own limitations and conditions of use, but if we take the verse as a single process, it can be used in all fields [4, 82].

1.3 Features of the translation of modern English poetry

Nowadays, modern poetry does not play an important role in the world. In ancient times, people were inspired by love, philosophy, war, heroism and other eternal values and created poetic masterpieces. Many genres of poetry have become popular, but today's era of high technology requires its own rules.

Given the absence of cultural elitism, this situation is dangerous for society. Modern poems do not reach the level of 18-19 centuries, when there were other moral values. Literature was strengthened to a great extent and had a great impact on the society. The requirements of modern poetry are low: the quality of writing is not taken into account, moral and cultural values have changed, and the style of writing itself has been simplified. When creating a new poem, two points are important for modern poets. The first is to preserve the semantic content. And the second is the creation of beauty and elegance of form (the presence of rhyme and creation of verses).

A poet, first of all, is a person who, despite being aware of all the shortcomings of the modern age, was able to revive it with all its shortcomings in his works through literary methods. In the 21st century, poetic forms are in demand in the following areas: music industry (ballads, lyrics); Internet resources or Internet portals (poetry greetings, funny works, special poetry sites for young poets); small poetry collections with low rating and circulation. If earlier we talked about poetry as a separate genre of literary masterpieces, now at this stage of human development it is a product of mass culture. Let's look at some types of modern poetry.

Figurative poems: This type describes various phenomena and situations (real or imaginary) or concepts that are not yet understood by the person.

Technical poems: They combine "puns" or oxymorons with grammatical, phonetic, or stylistic structures. In such verses, it is necessary to preserve the meaning and type of narration [5, 98].

As for the future of poetry, it cannot be said that the current state of poetry will change soon. But it is too early to say that poetry as a genre of literature has completely disappeared. Today's poets should learn the works of poetry in such a way that they find a spiritual image in the hearts of readers, and keep the quality of poetry as much as possible. Authors have their own special responsibility in shaping modern personalities with poetry and correct moral values.

Modern poetry in modern times is designed to unite people, to teach appreciation of knowledge and ideas from literature, not material goods. If the society develops the ability to appreciate universally accepted values, poetic texts will be heard with a new force [6, 157].

2 Literary translation of a foreign language poetic text as an effective means

of teaching a foreign language

2.1 Using Poetry in an English Class

The work is intended to justify the importance of using poetic texts in teaching a foreign language, to describe the goals, stages and criteria for the selection of English poetry for the educational process. The thematic principle of material selection is illustrated by examples of contemporary American poetry.

The implementation of the ideas of modernization of public education requires that students be widely acquainted with the world's cultural heritage. Acquaintance with the works of poetry of countries in the studied language contributes to the spiritual enrichment of students, the formation of their moral ideas and aesthetic taste. Reading English poetry increases the cognitive activity of schoolchildren, develops their thinking and introduces them to the culture of the people whose language they are learning.

Since poetry plays an important role in the process of learning foreign languages, turning to interdisciplinary connections, in this way, the teacher strengthens and develops the connection of the foreign language with other subjects, and first of all with the native language and literature.

Reading poems, reciting and translating them leads the foreign language lesson in a meaningful and stimulating direction and increases interest in learning the subject. The poetic text in the lesson is also a basis for more effective formation of reading and speaking skills in a foreign language, because it differs from qualitative prose by its linguistic features and allows students to get acquainted with the style of a poetic work in a foreign language. the artistic ideal of the linguistic norm.

When working with poetic works, the practical goals of teaching a foreign language are also solved: pronunciation is practiced, vocabulary is mastered and strengthened, reading skills, grammatical skills, as well as simple speaking and listening skills are developed. formed.

Therefore, it is very appropriate to use poetic texts in teaching a foreign language: First, the students' vocabulary expands. Secondly, when comparing the intermediate translation and the artistic translation of the poem, readers sometimes come to the conclusion that it is impossible to preserve all the details of the original, but it is necessary to understand and convey its main meaning through the native language. Third, it allows students to become creative in the true sense of the word, which leads to creative joy and satisfaction for themselves and their teachers.

The undoubted advantage of working with poetic texts is the ability to fit into a limited period or the entire lesson [7, 264].

Ways of working with poetry in a foreign language lesson can be different depending on the tasks set by the teacher and the age characteristics of the students. You can use poetic texts:

1. for phonetic filling at the beginning of the lesson;

2. at the stages of identification and confirmation of lexical and grammatical materials;

3. as an incentive for the development of speech skills at each stage of the lesson;

4. as a form of relaxation in the classroom, relieves stress and restores students' work when they need to rest.

The main stages of work in poetry are:

1. to prepare the readers for the first hearing of the poem in order to overcome language problems;

2. hearing the poem for the first time;

3. independent study of students;

4. check the understanding of the content, discuss what has been heard and analyze the visual m