The analysis of ethics in
public speaking by Kazakhstani
politicians
Анвар Айжан
Мейрбекқызы
The blooming of cultural linguistics, science of
interrelation and interaction of language and culture, is
associated with various factors. In this regard, we would like to
clarify the relationship between culture and language drawing on
the scholars’ opinions. The relationship between culture and
language has been studied for many years, and despite some
differences in the approaches, scholars agree that a close
relationship exists between language and
culture. According to Brown (2000:177), “A language is a part of
culture, and a culture is a part of
a
language; the two are intricately interwoven so that one
cannot separate the two without losing the significance of either
language or culture”. Kramsh (1998:3) identifies three ways how
language and culture are bound
together.
First, language expresses cultural reality (with words
people express facts and ideas but also reflect their
attitudes).
Second, language embodies cultural reality (people give
meaning to their experience through the means
of
communication). Third, language symbolizes cultural reality
(people view their language as a symbol of their
social
identity). Stepanov (1996: 38) stresses that culture is the total of
the concepts and the relation among
them.
Language and culture are inseparable particles of a whole,
which can not exist apart from each other.Thus,
the
analysis of cultural concepts enables one to specify the
degree of influence of the language on the world
view
of a particular ethnic group. Ahmetzhanova (2013:125)
emphasizes that the concepts are based on
many
traditions, customs, and define the ritual and common
verbal behavior of an ethnic group, they make up the
basis
for evaluating and determining the values of the particular
individuals, processes, events and facts.
Karasik
(2009:5) states that the cultural concepts are the points
of intersection of a person’s mental world and a world
of
culture.
Considering that the concept is reflected in the language,
above all, in its paremiological fund, where
one
can find the valuable source of the information about the
culture and mentality of the nation (Kaidarov, 2007:
221)
we have studied the representation of the concept of
hospitality in the Kazakh language through proverbs
and
sayings. As the source of the research have been used the
explanation dictionaries (Dictionary of Kazakh
litary
language, 2013; Dictionary of Kazakh language, 1999;
Dictionary of Eurasian linguistic culture of
Kazakhstan
(2011); Mankeeva, 2008), dictionaries of proverbs and
sayings (Kazakh proverbs and sayings, 1990; 6000
Kazakh
proverbs and sayings, 1995; Malaisarin, 2008; Turmanzhanov,
2004). phraseological
dictionaries
(Kenesbaev, 1977; Kozhahmetova et al.,
1988).
The blooming of cultural linguistics, science of
interrelation and interaction of language and culture,
is
associated with various factors. In this regard, we would
like to clarify the relationship between culture
and
language drawing on the scholars’ opinions. The
relationship between culture and language has been studied
for
many years, and despite some differences in the approaches,
scholars agree that a close relationship exists
between
language and culture.
According to Brown (2000:177), “A language is a part of
culture, and a culture is a part of
a
language; the two are intricately interwoven so that one
cannot separate the two without losing the significance
of
either language or culture”. Kramsh (1998:3) identifies
three ways how language and culture are bound
together.
First, language expresses cultural reality (with words
people express facts and ideas but also reflect their
attitudes).
Second, language embodies cultural reality (people give
meaning to their experience through the means
of
communication). Third, language symbolizes cultural reality
(people view their language as a symbol of their
social
identity). Stepanov (1996: 38) stresses that culture is the total of
the concepts and the relation among
them.
Language and culture are inseparable particles of a whole,
which can not exist apart from each other.Thus,
the
analysis of cultural concepts enables one to specify the
degree of influence of the language on the world
view
of a particular ethnic group. Ahmetzhanova (2013:125)
emphasizes that the concepts are based on
many
traditions, customs, and define the ritual and common
verbal behavior of an ethnic group, they make up the
basis
for evaluating and determining the values of the particular
individuals, processes, events and facts.
Karasik
(2009:5) states that the cultural concepts are the points
of intersection of a person’s mental world and a world
of
culture.
Considering that the concept is reflected in the language,
above all, in its paremiological fund, where
one
can find the valuable source of the information about the
culture and mentality of the nation (Kaidarov, 2007:
221)
we have studied the representation of the concept of
hospitality in the Kazakh language through proverbs
and
sayings. As the source of the research have been used the
explanation dictionaries (Dictionary of Kazakh
litary
language, 2013; Dictionary of Kazakh language, 1999;
Dictionary of Eurasian linguistic culture of
Kazakhstan
(2011); Mankeeva, 2008), dictionaries of proverbs and
sayings (Kazakh proverbs and sayings, 1990; 6000
Kazakh
proverbs and sayings, 1995; Malaisarin, 2008; Turmanzhanov,
2004). phraseological
dictionaries
(Kenesbaev, 1977; Kozhahmetova et al.,
1988).
The blooming of cultural linguistics, science of
interrelation and interaction of language and culture,
is
associated with various factors. In this regard, we would
like to clarify the relationship between culture
and
language drawing on the scholars’ opinions. The
relationship between culture and language has been studied
for
many years, and despite some differences in the approaches,
scholars agree that a close relationship exists
between
language and culture.
According to Brown (2000:177), “A language is a part of
culture, and a culture is a part of
a
language; the two are intricately interwoven so that one
cannot separate the two without losing the significance
of
either language or culture”. Kramsh (1998:3) identifies
three ways how language and culture are bound
together.
First, language expresses cultural reality (with words
people express facts and ideas but also reflect their
attitudes).
Second, language embodies cultural reality (people give
meaning to their experience through the means
of
communication). Third, language symbolizes cultural reality
(people view their language as a symbol of their
social
identity). Stepanov (1996: 38) stresses that culture is the total of
the concepts and the relation among
them.
Language and culture are inseparable particles of a whole,
which can not exist apart from each other.Thus,
the
analysis of cultural concepts enables one to specify the
degree of influence of the language on the world
view
of a particular ethnic group. Ahmetzhanova (2013:125)
emphasizes that the concepts are based on
many
traditions, customs, and define the ritual and common
verbal behavior of an ethnic group, they make up the
basis
for evaluating and determining the values of the particular
individuals, processes, events and facts.
Karasik
(2009:5) states that the cultural concepts are the points
of intersection of a person’s mental world and a world
of
culture.
Considering that the concept is reflected in the language,
above all, in its paremiological fund, where
one
can find the valuable source of the information about the
culture and mentality of the nation (Kaidarov, 2007:
221)
we have studied the representation of the concept of
hospitality in the Kazakh language through proverbs
and
sayings. As the source of the research have been used the
explanation dictionaries (Dictionary of Kazakh
litary
language, 2013; Dictionary of Kazakh language, 1999;
Dictionary of Eurasian linguistic culture of
Kazakhstan
(2011); Mankeeva, 2008), dictionaries of proverbs and
sayings (Kazakh proverbs and sayings, 1990; 6000
Kazakh
proverbs and sayings, 1995; Malaisarin, 2008; Turmanzhanov,
2004). phraseological
dictionaries
(Kenesbaev, 1977; Kozhahmetova et al.,
1988).
The blooming of cultural linguistics, science of
interrelation and interaction of language and culture,
is
associated with various factors. In this regard, we would
like to clarify the relationship between culture
and
language drawing on the scholars’ opinions. The
relationship between culture and language has been studied
for
many years, and despite some differences in the approaches,
scholars agree that a close relationship exists
between
language and culture.
According to Brown (2000:177), “A language is a part of
culture, and a culture is a part of
a
language; the two are intricately interwoven so that one
cannot separate the two without losing the significance
of
either language or culture”. Kramsh (1998:3) identifies
three ways how language and culture are bound
together.
First, language expresses cultural reality (with words
people express facts and ideas but also reflect their
attitudes).
Second, language embodies cultural reality (people give
meaning to their experience through the means
of
communication). Third, language symbolizes cultural reality
(people view their language as a symbol of their
social
identity). Stepanov (1996: 38) stresses that culture is the total of
the concepts and the relation among
them.
Language and culture are inseparable particles of a whole,
which can not exist apart from each other.Thus,
the
analysis of cultural concepts enables one to specify the
degree of influence of the language on the world
view
of a particular ethnic group. Ahmetzhanova (2013:125)
emphasizes that the concepts are based on
many
traditions, customs, and define the ritual and common
verbal behavior of an ethnic group, they make up the
basis
for evaluating and determining the values of the particular
individuals, processes, events and facts.
Karasik
(2009:5) states that the cultural concepts are the points
of intersection of a person’s mental world and a world
of
culture.
The national language picture of the world reflects the
objective reality in the collective consciousness in
the
form of total semantic structures, and the nuclear
concepts, which represent the highest values and
guidelines,
which determine the behaviour of people constitute the most
important part of the language picture of the
world
(Akhmetzhanova, 2012:
25).
The concept of "hospitality" is associated with the concept
of "guest". The word
guest is originally Turkic,
and
comes from the verb "kon- to spend the night, to sit, to
take a place, to settle down". It is, apart from its core
values,
contains a wealth of ethnic and cultural
information.
Guests are divided into several types in the Kazakh
culture, consequently there are many words related to
the
concept guest. For instance: arnaiy konak (invited guest),
kutty konak (lit. blessed guest - the guest who
brings
happiness or abundance when he/she pays a visit), kudayi
konak (lit. a God’s guest - a guest sent by God),
kydyrma
konak (a sudden guest), kyltyima konak (the guest who
always comes uninvited), and
erulikti konak
– the new
settlers in whose honour a special dinner was arranged
(Mankeeva, 2008:256).
The concept of the "guest"
among Kazakh people, and among many other Turkic nations is sacred;
it is
equivalent to the messenger of God and deserves respect.
Thus, in the Turkic languages the term "uninvited
guest"
does not contain a negative connotation, on the contrary,
an uninvited guest is considered as the messenger
from
God, and always treated with a special honor and respect.
And this is reflected in many Kazakh proverbs
and
phrases like:
«Кonak kelse, kut keler» (If a guest comes, abundance will
come with him/her). «Konakty
kudaidyn
elshisindei kut» (Welcome a guest as God's messenger).
«Konakty kabyldamasan, kut, yrys kashady» (If you
don’t
accept the guest, there won’t any happiness and abundance
at your home). «Kyryktyn biri kydyr» (One of
forty
guests is a saint
person).
The state
language of the Republic of
Kazakhstan is Kazakh. The state language is
language used in public management, legislation, legal proceedings
and paperwork management operating in all the field of public
relations throughout the country. Our country is a multinational
state and language policy in Kazakhstan has always been aimed at
preserving variety and peaceful coexistence of various languages
and their natives on the territory of the country. Each language in
the country is a national heritage.
Training at schools is
conducted in Kazakh, Russian and English. This boosts communicative
skills among pupils. Moreover, training in three languages will
introduce children to culture and traditions of other
nations.
Each citizen of the Republic
of Kazakhstan has a right for free choice of language for
communication, training and creativity. The
government creates conditions for learning and developing of
languages of the people of Kazakhstan. Impairment of rights related
to language use is prohibited in the Republic of
Kazakhstan.
24 Мамыр 2024
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